{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T04:51:26Z","timestamp":1782190286542,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005743","name":"Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005743","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Achondroplasia is associated with upper-limb shortening, which may impair independence in daily activities. While lower-limb lengthening is commonly performed, humeral lengthening is often delayed. This study evaluated the functional impact of upper-limb shortening and patient perspectives regarding humeral lengthening.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A single-centre cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted in 27 patients with achondroplasia divided into three groups according to treatment status. Outcomes included independence in daily activities, functional and aesthetic satisfaction, and willingness to undergo humeral lengthening.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-four patients completed the survey (response rate: 89%). Patients who underwent humeral lengthening reported improved daily function and high satisfaction (4\/5, 80%). Among untreated adults, 2 out of 5 (2\/5, 40%) expressed regret, with persistent difficulties. In pediatric patients, satisfaction was generally low, whereas 9 out of 14 (9\/14, 64%) expressed interest in future surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Humeral lengthening was associated with improved function and satisfaction. Earlier integration may warrant consideration in future treatment protocols.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-026-04804-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T04:42:05Z","timestamp":1782189725000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Patient perspectives on humeral lengthening in achondroplasia: association between treatment timing and acceptance"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Cristina","family":"Giuli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osvaldo","family":"Palmacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Ravaioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Vitiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulio","family":"Maccauro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Beatrice","family":"Bocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"4804_CR1","first-page":"153","volume":"114","author":"SE Kopits","year":"1976","unstructured":"Kopits SE (1976) Orthopedic complications of dwarfism. 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