{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T04:06:14Z","timestamp":1785557174182,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-026-04871-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T03:47:55Z","timestamp":1785556075000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Posterior lumbar interbody fusion versus interspinous stabilization in lumbar spinal stenosis: a meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Marc","family":"Boutros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"Awad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Assi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reina","family":"Al Khatib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaza","family":"Hammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chadi","family":"Tannouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"4871_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-025-05859-0","volume":"20","author":"D Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li D, Cheng Y, Chen X, Yin P, Su Q (2025) Comparison of clinical efficacy and radiological findings of interspinous dynamic stabilization system versus unilateral biportal endoscopy for lumbar spinal stenosis: a retrospective cohort study. J Orthop Surg Res 20:427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-025-05859-0","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"4871_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.31616\/asj.2020.0472","volume":"14","author":"BH Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee BH, Moon S-H, Suk K-S, Kim H-S, Yang J-H, Lee H-M (2020) Lumbar spinal stenosis: pathophysiology and treatment principle: a narrative review. Asian Spine J 14:682\u2013693. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31616\/asj.2020.0472","journal-title":"Asian Spine J"},{"key":"4871_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2017.06.013","volume":"44","author":"I Teng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Teng I, Han J, Phan K, Mobbs R (2017) A meta-analysis comparing ALIF, PLIF, TLIF and LLIF. J Clin Neurosci Off J Neurosurg Soc Australas 44:11\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2017.06.013","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci Off J Neurosurg Soc Australas"},{"key":"4871_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2414-469X.2015.10.05","volume":"1","author":"RJ Mobbs","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mobbs RJ, Phan K, Malham G, Seex K, Rao PJ (2015) Lumbar interbody fusion: techniques, indications and comparison of interbody fusion options including PLIF, TLIF, MI-TLIF, OLIF\/ATP, LLIF and ALIF. J Spine Surg Hong Kong 1:2\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3978\/j.issn.2414-469X.2015.10.05","journal-title":"J Spine Surg Hong Kong"},{"key":"4871_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S14","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnz129","volume":"20","author":"SM Falowski","year":"2019","unstructured":"Falowski SM, Sayed D, Deer TR, Brescacin D, Liang K (2019) Biomechanics and mechanism of action of indirect lumbar decompression and the evolution of a stand-alone spinous process spacer. Pain Med Malden Mass 20:S14-22. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/pm\/pnz129","journal-title":"Pain Med Malden Mass"},{"key":"4871_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E13","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2007.22.1.13","volume":"22","author":"P McAfee","year":"2007","unstructured":"McAfee P, Khoo LT, Pimenta L, Capuccino A, Sengoz A, Coric D et al (2007) Treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis with a total posterior arthroplasty prosthesis: implant description, surgical technique, and a prospective report on 29 patients. Neurosurg Focus 22:E13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/foc.2007.22.1.13","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"4871_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-016-3139-x","volume":"40","author":"Y Cai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cai Y, Luo J, Huang J, Lian C, Zhou H, Yao H et al (2016) Interspinous spacers versus posterior lumbar interbody fusion for degenerative lumbar spinal diseases: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Int Orthop 40:1135\u20131142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-016-3139-x","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"4871_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e38370","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000038370","volume":"103","author":"C Zhu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhu C, Xiao G (2024) Efficacy and safety of interspinous process device compared with alone decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Med (Baltim) 103:e38370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000038370","journal-title":"Med (Baltim)"},{"key":"4871_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bas.2024.104166","volume":"5","author":"J Cebulla","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cebulla J, Staub LP, Barz T (2025) Additional dorsal interspinous stabilisation has no advantage after decompression of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. Brain Spine 5:104166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bas.2024.104166","journal-title":"Brain Spine"},{"key":"4871_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.25259\/SNI_1007_2023","volume":"15","author":"NE Epstein","year":"2024","unstructured":"Epstein NE, Agulnick MA (2024) Perspective: efficacy and outcomes for different lumbar interspinous devices (ISD) vs. open surgery to treat lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Surg Neurol Int 15:17. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/SNI_1007_2023","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"key":"4871_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD et al (2021) The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ Br Med J 372:n71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ Br Med J"},{"key":"4871_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i4919","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4919","volume":"355","author":"JA Sterne","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sterne JA, Hern\u00e1n MA, Reeves BC, Savovi\u0107 J, Berkman ND, Viswanathan M et al (2016) ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. BMJ Clin Res 355:i4919. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.i4919","journal-title":"BMJ Clin Res"},{"key":"4871_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","volume":"366","author":"JAC Sterne","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sterne JAC, Savovi\u0107 J, Page MJ, Elbers RG, Blencowe NS, Boutron I et al (2019) RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ Clin Res 366:l4898. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.l4898","journal-title":"BMJ Clin Res"},{"key":"4871_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm15030095","volume":"15","author":"V Orlando","year":"2025","unstructured":"Orlando V, Galieri G, Mazzucchi E, Pignotti F, Carcagn\u00ec A, Bazzu P et al (2025) Comparative analysis of pedicle screw fixation and interspinous devices in lumbar spinal fusion: clinical and surgical outcomes in degenerative spine conditions. J Pers Med 15:95. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jpm15030095","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"key":"4871_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e38501","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000038501","volume":"103","author":"S-C Jung","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jung S-C, Jung J-H, Hong J-H, Han M-S, Lee S-S, Lee J-K (2024) The efficacy and safety of decompression with interspinous fixation for lumbar spondylolisthesis when compared with posterior lumbar interbody fusion: a pilot study. Med (Baltim) 103:e38501. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000038501","journal-title":"Med (Baltim)"},{"key":"4871_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-023-02562-6","author":"P Whang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Whang P, Tran O, Rosner HL (2023) Longitudinal comparative analysis of complications and subsequent interventions following stand-alone interspinous spacers, open decompression, or fusion for lumbar stenosis. Adv Ther. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12325-023-02562-6","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"key":"4871_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-022-03004-9","volume":"17","author":"M Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen M, Jia P, Feng F, Tang H (2022) A novel minimally invasive technique of inter-spinal distraction fusion surgery for single-level lumbar spinal stenosis in octogenarians: a retrospective cohort study. J Orthop Surg Res 17:100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-022-03004-9","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"4871_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.10027","volume":"21","author":"X Zheng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zheng X, Chen Z, Yu H, Zhuang J, Yu H, Chang Y (2021) A minimum 8-year follow-up comparative study of decompression and coflex stabilization with decompression and fusion. Exp Ther Med 21:595. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2021.10027","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"4871_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s13037-017-0141-1","volume":"11","author":"M Segura-Trepichio","year":"2017","unstructured":"Segura-Trepichio M, Candela-Zaplana D, Montoza-Nu\u00f1ez JM, Martin-Benlloch A, Nolasco A (2017) Length of stay, costs, and complications in lumbar disc herniation surgery by standard PLIF versus a new dynamic interspinous stabilization technique. Patient Saf Surg 11:26. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13037-017-0141-1","journal-title":"Patient Saf Surg"},{"key":"4871_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2016.09.030","volume":"35","author":"W Yuan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yuan W, Su Q-J, Liu T, Yang J-C, Kang N, Guan L et al (2017) Evaluation of Coflex interspinous stabilization following decompression compared with decompression and posterior lumbar interbody fusion for the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease: a minimum 5-year follow-up study. J Clin Neurosci 35:24\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2016.09.030","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"4871_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-150455","volume":"30","author":"J-R Cha","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cha J-R, Kim Y-C, Yoon W-K, Lee W-G, Kim T-H, Oh J-K et al (2017) The recovery of damaged paraspinal muscles by posterior surgical treatment for patients with lumbar degenerative diseases and its clinical consequence. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 30:801\u2013809. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/BMR-150455","journal-title":"J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil"},{"key":"4871_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17116\/hirurgia2016251-54","author":"AL Khe\u012dlo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Khe\u012dlo AL, Aganesov AG, Mikaelian KP, Galian TN (2016) Analysis of dynamic implants use in surgical treatment of degenerative lumbar spine stenosis. Khirurgiia Sofiia. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17116\/hirurgia2016251-54","journal-title":"Khirurgiia Sofiia"},{"key":"4871_CR23","first-page":"4481","volume":"19","author":"Z-J Yue","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yue Z-J, Liu R-Y, Lu Y, Dong L-L, Li Y-Q, Lu EB (2015) Middle-period curative effect of posterior lumbar intervertebral fusion (PLIF) and interspinous dynamic fixation (Wallis) for treatment of L45 degenerative disease and its influence on adjacent segment degeneration. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 19:4481\u20134487","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"4871_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2015.06.003","volume":"136","author":"Y Yang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yang Y, Hong Y, Liu H, Song Y, Li T, Liu L et al (2015) Comparison of clinical and radiographic results between isobar posterior dynamic stabilization and posterior lumbar inter-body fusion for lumbar degenerative disease: a four-year retrospective study. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 136:100\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clineuro.2015.06.003","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"4871_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31828631b8","volume":"38","author":"RA Deyo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Deyo RA, Martin BI, Ching A, Tosteson ANA, Jarvik JG, Kreuter W et al (2013) Interspinous spacers compared with decompression or fusion for lumbar stenosis: complications and repeat operations in the Medicare population. Spine 38:865\u2013872. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31828631b8","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"4871_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.5897\/SRE10.921","volume":"6","author":"H Lin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lin H, Zhang G, Wu H, Liu N, Zha Z (2011) Treatment of bisegmental lumbar spinal stenosis: coflex interspinous implant versus bisegmental posterior lumbar interbody fusion. Sci Res Essays Acad J 6:479\u2013484. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5897\/SRE10.921","journal-title":"Sci Res Essays Acad J"},{"key":"4871_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E691","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181d2607e","volume":"35","author":"S-H Lee","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee S-H, Lee J-H, Hong S-W, Chung S-E, Yoo S-H, Lee H-Y (2010) Spinopelvic alignment after interspinous soft stabilization with a tension band system in grade 1 degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. Spine 35:E691-701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181d2607e","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"4871_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2009.46.4.292","volume":"46","author":"S-C Park","year":"2009","unstructured":"Park S-C, Yoon SH, Hong Y-P, Kim K-J, Chung S-K, Kim H-J (2009) Minimum 2-year follow-up result of degenerative spinal stenosis treated with interspinous u (coflex). J Kor Neurosurg Soc 46:292\u2013299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3340\/jkns.2009.46.4.292","journal-title":"J Kor Neurosurg Soc"},{"key":"4871_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-009-0199-z","volume":"32","author":"J S\u00e9n\u00e9gas","year":"2009","unstructured":"S\u00e9n\u00e9gas J, Vital J-M, Pointillart V, Mangione P (2009) Clinical evaluation of a lumbar interspinous dynamic stabilization device (the Wallis system) with a 13-year mean follow-up. Neurosurg Rev 32:335\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10143-009-0199-z. (discussion 341\u2013342)","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"key":"4871_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2007.22.2.330","volume":"22","author":"D-S Kong","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kong D-S, Kim E-S, Eoh W (2007) One-year outcome evaluation after interspinous implantation for degenerative spinal stenosis with segmental instability. J Kor Med Sci 22:330\u2013335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3346\/jkms.2007.22.2.330","journal-title":"J Kor Med Sci"},{"key":"4871_CR31","first-page":"111","volume":"16","author":"S-H Lee","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lee S-H, Chung B, Lee H-Y, Shin S-W (2005) A comparison between interspinous ligamentoplasty, posterior interbody fusion, and posterolateral fusion in the treatment of grade I degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. Joint Dis Rel Surg 16:111\u2013117","journal-title":"Joint Dis Rel Surg"},{"key":"4871_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682221098362","volume":"13","author":"MJ Gagliardi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gagliardi MJ, Guiroy AJ, Camino-Willhuber G, Joaquim AF, Carazzo CA, Yasuda E et al (2023) Is indirect decompression and fusion more effective than direct decompression and fusion for treating degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis with instability? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Glob Spine J 13:499\u2013511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/21925682221098362","journal-title":"Glob Spine J"},{"key":"4871_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2025.124031","volume":"198","author":"E Sharma","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sharma E, da Silva Lobo KE, Ayesha A, \u0141ajczak P, Westphalen Pomianoski B, Silva YP et al (2025) Minimally invasive decompression versus open laminectomy in multilevel lumbar stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World Neurosurg 198:124031. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2025.124031","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"4871_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.4103\/sni.sni_222_17","volume":"8","author":"M Dobran","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dobran M, Marini A, Nasi D, Gladi M, Liverotti V, Costanza MD et al (2017) Risk factors of surgical site infections in instrumented spine surgery. Surg Neurol Int 8:212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/sni.sni_222_17","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"key":"4871_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.2147\/CEOR.S59194","volume":"6","author":"JK Schmier","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schmier JK, Halevi M, Maislin G, Ong K (2014) Comparative cost effectiveness of Coflex\u00ae interlaminar stabilization versus instrumented posterolateral lumbar fusion for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis and spondylolisthesis. Clin Outcomes Res CEOR 6:125\u2013131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CEOR.S59194","journal-title":"Clin Outcomes Res CEOR"},{"key":"4871_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002133","volume":"42","author":"J Connolly","year":"2017","unstructured":"Connolly J, Javed Z, Raji MA, Chan W, Kuo Y-F, Baillargeon J (2017) Predictors of long-term opioid use following lumbar fusion surgery. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 42:1405\u20131411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002133","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"4871_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200407000-00020","volume":"86","author":"G Ghiselli","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ghiselli G, Wang JC, Bhatia NN, Hsu WK, Dawson EG (2004) Adjacent segment degeneration in the lumbar spine. J Bone Joint Surg Am 86:1497\u20131503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/00004623-200407000-00020","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery &amp; Traumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00590-026-04871-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00590-026-04871-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00590-026-04871-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T03:47:57Z","timestamp":1785556077000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00590-026-04871-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4871"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00590-026-04871-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1068"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1068","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 August 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"308"}}