{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T03:00:31Z","timestamp":1792119631945,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662508800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006470","name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006470","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Diabetol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To investigate the impact of SARS-COV-2 vaccination on the glycaemic control in children and adolescents with T1DM wearing continuous glucose monitoring (CGM).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Caregivers of children and adolescents with T1DM were questioned regarding SARS-CoV-2 vaccination during their regular visits at the Pediatric Diabetes Outpatient Clinic. Data regarding Time in Range (TIR) (glucose levels: 70\u2013180\u00a0mg\/dl) 7\u00a0days prior and 7\u00a0days after a vaccination dose were collected in patients wearing CGM and data regarding insulin daily doses were also obtained for the insulin pump users.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>From a total of 135 patients eligible for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, 70 (51.9%) children (37 boys, 52.9%) were vaccinated with at least one dose. Seven patients received only one dose, whereas two children received a third booster shot. No statistically significant difference was observed in either TIR (64.19% post vs. 65.53% pre, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.158) or total daily insulin dose (40.08\u00a0U\/day post vs. 39.32\u00a0U\/day pre, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090,282). Additionally, in ten patients on Hybrid Closed-Loop System the percentage of the automated insulin boluses given post-vaccination was not statistically significant different compared to the boluses given pre-vaccination (15.80% vs. 16.90%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090,491).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in children and adolescents with T1DM is safe and is not associated with immediate glucose imbalance.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-022-01968-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T07:04:07Z","timestamp":1662534247000},"page":"1609-1614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The impact of COVID-19 vaccination on glycaemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus on continuous glucose monitoring"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Niki","family":"Gouda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meropi","family":"Dimitriadou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Sotiriou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4964-5726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Athanasios","family":"Christoforidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"1968_CR1","unstructured":"(2020) WHO announces COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic. https:\/\/www.euro.who.int\/en\/health-topics\/health-emergencies\/coronavirus-covid-19\/news\/news\/2020\/3\/who-announces-covid-19-outbreak-a-pandemic. Accessed 16 Apr 2022"},{"key":"1968_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.MOLMET.2020.101044","author":"S Erener","year":"2020","unstructured":"Erener S (2020) Diabetes, infection risk and COVID-19. Mol Metab. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.MOLMET.2020.101044","journal-title":"Mol Metab"},{"key":"1968_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2631","DOI":"10.2337\/DCI20-0044","volume":"43","author":"LA Dimeglio","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dimeglio LA, Albanese-O\u2019neill A, Mu\u00f1oz CE et al (2020) COVID-19 and children with diabetes-updates, unknowns, and next steps: first, do no extrapolation. Diabetes Care 43:2631\u20132634. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/DCI20-0044","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"1968_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/J.PUHE.2021.02.025","volume":"194","author":"G Troiano","year":"2021","unstructured":"Troiano G, Nardi A (2021) Vaccine hesitancy in the era of COVID-19. Public Health 194:245\u2013251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.PUHE.2021.02.025","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"1968_CR5","unstructured":"Children and COVID-19 Vaccination Trends. https:\/\/www.aap.org\/en\/pages\/2019-novel-coronavirus-covid-19-infections\/children-and-covid-19-vaccination-trends\/. Accessed 16 Apr 2022"},{"key":"1968_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S00592-022-01885-0","author":"AE Scaramuzza","year":"2022","unstructured":"Scaramuzza AE, Cherubini V, Schiaffini R et al (2022) A nationwide survey of Italian pediatric diabetologists about COVID-19 vaccination in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Acta Diabetol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S00592-022-01885-0","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol"},{"key":"1968_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.DSX.2021.102371","author":"V Ganakumar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ganakumar V, Jethwani P, Roy A et al (2022) Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) temporally related to COVID-19 vaccination. Diabetes Metab Syndr. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.DSX.2021.102371","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr"},{"key":"1968_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.3390\/VACCINES10030454","volume":"10","author":"SM Samuel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Samuel SM, Varghese E, Triggle CR, B\u00fcsselberg D (2022) COVID-19 vaccines and hyperglycemia\u2014is there a need for postvaccination surveillance? Vaccines (Basel) 10:454. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/VACCINES10030454","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"1968_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e24","DOI":"10.2337\/DC21-1563","volume":"45","author":"F Aberer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aberer F, Moser O, Aziz F et al (2022) Impact of COVID-19 vaccination on glycemia in individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: substudy of the COVAC-DM study. Diabetes Care 45:e24\u2013e26. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/DC21-1563","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"1968_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/DME.14774","author":"AH Heald","year":"2022","unstructured":"Heald AH, Stedman M, Horne L et al (2022) The change in glycaemic control immediately after COVID-19 vaccination in people with type 1 diabetes. Diabet Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/DME.14774","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"1968_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/IJCP.14714","author":"AH Heald","year":"2021","unstructured":"Heald AH, Rea R, Horne L et al (2021) Analysis of continuous glucose tracking data in people with type 1 diabetes after COVID-19 vaccination reveals unexpected link between immune and metabolic response, augmented by adjunctive oral medication. Int J Clin Pract. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/IJCP.14714","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"key":"1968_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S13052-021-01192-4","author":"N Principi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Principi N, Esposito S (2022) Reasons in favour of universal vaccination campaign against COVID-19 in the pediatric population. Ital J Pediatr. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/S13052-021-01192-4","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"key":"1968_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/S00296-020-04749-4","volume":"41","author":"J Kabeerdoss","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kabeerdoss J, Pilania RK, Karkhele R et al (2021) Severe COVID-19, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, and Kawasaki disease: immunological mechanisms, clinical manifestations and management. Rheumatol Int 41:19\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S00296-020-04749-4","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"1968_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/DOM.14643","author":"C Sourij","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sourij C, Tripolt NJ, Aziz F et al (2022) Humoral immune response to COVID-19 vaccination in diabetes is age-dependent but independent of type of diabetes and glycaemic control: the prospective COVAC-DM cohort study. Diabetes Obes Metab. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/DOM.14643","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"1968_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3243","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NUMECD.2021.09.002","volume":"31","author":"D Scoccimarro","year":"2021","unstructured":"Scoccimarro D, Panichi L, Ragghianti B et al (2021) Sars-CoV2 vaccine hesitancy in Italy: a survey on subjects with diabetes. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 31:3243\u20133246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.NUMECD.2021.09.002","journal-title":"Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis"}],"container-title":["Acta Diabetologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00592-022-01968-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00592-022-01968-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00592-022-01968-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,19]],"date-time":"2022-10-19T19:10:29Z","timestamp":1666206629000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00592-022-01968-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1968"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00592-022-01968-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-5233"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-5233","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 July 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 August 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 September 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was performed in accordance with the Helsinski Declaration of 1975 and was approved by the Scientific and Administrative Council of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki as a postgraduate dissertation.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Children and their caregivers were informed for the nature and the purpose of the study and a verbal consent was obtained for every participant.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}