{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T10:45:21Z","timestamp":1761907521615,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746662400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Diabetol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) worldwide. Macrophages and the complement system have interrelated roles in DN. We aimed to determine associations between macrophage and complement markers with the progression of DN.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with sole DN by kidney biopsy. Using immunohistochemistry, CD68\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      and CD163\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      cells and complement markers were counted in glomerular and tubulointerstitial areas. The primary outcome was evolution to ESKD and\/or doubling serum creatinine (SCr).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-six patients were included. The median SCr at baseline was 2.7 (1.41\u20133.1) mg\/dL. During the median follow-up of 32 months (range 6\u201354), 50% of patients reached the primary outcome. Most of the clinical and histological findings were comparable between progressors and non-progressors, while progressors had a higher median number of glomerular CD68+\u2009cells and a higher percentage of glomerulosclerosis. After adjustments for age, sex, and SCr, the median glomerular CD68+\u2009cell number was the sole independent predictor of progression. Glomerular C4d was associated with nephrotic-range proteinuria but not with the progression of kidney failure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Glomerular CD68+\u2009cell count may serve as a promising predictor of kidney disease progression among patients with DN. Glomerular C4d was associated with nephrotic-range proteinuria but not with the progression of kidney failure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-025-02521-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T03:28:30Z","timestamp":1746674910000},"page":"1797-1809","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Relationship between complement and macrophage markers with kidney survival in patients with diabetic nephropathy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Ozcan","family":"Uzun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7903-1106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cihan","family":"Heybeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatma Sema Anar","family":"Kutlu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manolya","family":"Celebioglu Pekiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filiz","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caner","family":"Cavdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sulen","family":"Sarioglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2521_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mottl AK, Nicholas SB (2023) KDOQI commentary on the KDIGO 2022 update to the clinical practice guideline for diabetes management in CKD. 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