{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T04:30:21Z","timestamp":1786509021069,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003500","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Padova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003500","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Diabetol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-026-02666-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T09:26:24Z","timestamp":1771406784000},"page":"1297-1303","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The combination of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium\u2013glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors: a narrative review of existing meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1177-0516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelo","family":"Avogaro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Neccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Delfini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aldo","family":"Franculli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Enea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Magli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Bemporad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gian Paolo","family":"Fadini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2666_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m4573","author":"SC Palmer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Palmer SC, Tendal B, Mustafa RA et al (2021) Sodium-glucose cotransporter protein-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists for type 2 diabetes: Systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. The BMJ. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.m4573","journal-title":"The BMJ"},{"key":"2666_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00271-7","volume":"13","author":"SV Badve","year":"2025","unstructured":"Badve SV, Bilal A, Lee MMY et al (2025) Effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on kidney and cardiovascular disease outcomes: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 13:15\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00271-7","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"2666_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)00509-4","volume":"405","author":"MP Bonaca","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bonaca MP, Catarig AM, Houlind K et al (2025) Semaglutide and walking capacity in people with symptomatic peripheral artery disease and type 2 diabetes (STRIDE): a phase 3b, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 405:1580\u20131593. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)00509-4","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2666_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa2307563","volume":"389","author":"AM Lincoff","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lincoff AM, Brown-Frandsen K, Colhoun HM et al (2023) Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in obesity without diabetes. N Engl J Med 389:2221\u20132232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/nejmoa2307563","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2666_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2849","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03133-0","volume":"30","author":"JFE Mann","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mann JFE, Rossing P, Bakris G et al (2024) Effects of semaglutide with and without concomitant SGLT2 inhibitor use in participants with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease in the FLOW trial. Nat Med 30:2849\u20132856. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-024-03133-0","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2666_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32590-X","author":"TA Zelniker","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zelniker TA, Wiviott SD, Raz I et al (2019) SGLT2 inhibitors for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials. The Lancet. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32590-X","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"2666_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/JAMA.2025.20835","author":"N Staplin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Staplin N, Roddick AJ, Neuen BL et al (2025) Effects of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors by diabetes status and level of albuminuria: a meta-analysis. JAMA. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/JAMA.2025.20835","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2666_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvae047","volume":"120","author":"A Preda","year":"2024","unstructured":"Preda A, Montecucco F, Carbone F et al (2024) SGLT2 inhibitors: from glucose-lowering to cardiovascular benefits. Cardiovasc Res 120:443\u2013460","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"2666_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00102-5","author":"MS Usman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Usman MS, Bhatt DL, Hameed I et al (2024) Effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on heart failure outcomes and cardiovascular death across the cardiometabolic disease spectrum: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00102-5","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"2666_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2020.107647","author":"M Packer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Packer M (2020) Role of ketogenic starvation sensors in mediating the renal protective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Compl. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2020.107647","journal-title":"J Diabetes Compl"},{"key":"2666_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2021.100725","author":"JL Benham","year":"2021","unstructured":"Benham JL, Booth JE, Sigal RJ et al (2021) Systematic review and meta-analysis: SGLT2 inhibitors, blood pressure and cardiovascular outcomes. IJC Heart Vasc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcha.2021.100725","journal-title":"IJC Heart Vasc"},{"key":"2666_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-55524-w","author":"M Castellana","year":"2019","unstructured":"Castellana M, Cignarelli A, Brescia F et al (2019) Efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists as add-on to SGLT2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-55524-w","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2666_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.838277","author":"C Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li C, Luo J, Jiang M, Wang K (2022) The efficacy and safety of the combination therapy with GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2022.838277","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2666_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-019-02175-6","volume":"67","author":"M Guo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guo M, Gu J, Teng F et al (2020) The efficacy and safety of combinations of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes or obese adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine 67:294\u2013304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-019-02175-6","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"2666_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2024.07.011","volume":"368","author":"A Tuersun","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tuersun A, Hou G, Cheng G (2024) Efficacy and safety of the combination or monotherapy with GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors in Type 2 diabetes mellitus: an update systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med Sci 368:579\u2013588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjms.2024.07.011","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"2666_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6852","DOI":"10.62347\/mcee4840","volume":"16","author":"Y Wu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wu Y (2024) Efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists combined with SGLT-2 inhibitors in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. Am J Transl Res 16:6852\u20136866. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.62347\/mcee4840","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"2666_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.2337\/DB16-0806","volume":"66","author":"JS Skyler","year":"2017","unstructured":"Skyler JS, Bakris GL, Bonifacio E et al (2017) Differentiation of diabetes by pathophysiology, natural history, and prognosis. Diabetes 66:241\u2013255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/DB16-0806","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2666_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S00125-025-06565-6","author":"JMT Colombijn","year":"2026","unstructured":"Colombijn JMT, de Leijer JF, Visseren FLJ et al (2026) Effectiveness and safety of combining SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Diabetologia. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S00125-025-06565-6","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2666_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S12933-024-02192-4","author":"A Ahmad","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ahmad A, Sabbour H (2024) Effectiveness and safety of the combination of sodium-glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Cardiovasc Diabetol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/S12933-024-02192-4","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"2666_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S00125-025-06565-6","author":"JMT Colombijn","year":"2025","unstructured":"Colombijn JMT, de Leijer JF, Visseren FLJ et al (2025) Effectiveness and safety of combining SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Diabetologia. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S00125-025-06565-6","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2666_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00155-4","volume":"12","author":"EM Apperloo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Apperloo EM, Neuen BL, Fletcher RA et al (2024) Efficacy and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors with and without glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists: a SMART-C collaborative meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 12:545\u2013557. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00155-4","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"2666_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.071689","volume":"150","author":"BL Neuen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Neuen BL, Fletcher RA, Heath L et al (2024) Cardiovascular, kidney, and safety outcomes with GLP-1 receptor agonists alone and in combination with SGLT2 inhibitors in Type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Circulation 150:1781\u20131790. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.071689","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2666_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.028136","volume":"136","author":"MA Nauck","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nauck MA, Meier JJ, Cavender MA et al (2017) Cardiovascular actions and clinical outcomes with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. Circulation 136:849\u2013870. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.028136","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2666_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2528","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-1350","volume":"43","author":"SA Jabbour","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jabbour SA, Fr\u00edas JP, Ahmed A et al (2020) Efficacy and safety over 2 years of exenatide plus dapagliflozin in the DURATION-8 study: a multicenter, double-blind, phase 3, randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care 43:2528\u20132536. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc19-1350","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2666_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.2147\/CPAA.S288846","volume":"14","author":"J Inaishi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Inaishi J, Saisho Y (2022) Exenatide once weekly for management of type 2 diabetes: a review. Clin Pharmacol Ther 14:19\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CPAA.S288846","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"}],"container-title":["Acta Diabetologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00592-026-02666-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00592-026-02666-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00592-026-02666-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T04:02:40Z","timestamp":1786507360000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00592-026-02666-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["2666"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00592-026-02666-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-5233"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-5233","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"AA received honoraria for speaker activities, for serving on advisory boards, or consultancy from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Amarin, Bruno Farmaceutici, Amgen, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi. GPF received honoraria for speaker activities, for serving on advisory boards, or consultancy from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Guidotti, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi. MN, MD, AF, GE, AM, and JB declare no Conflicts.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}