{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T08:59:39Z","timestamp":1791104379972,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,1]],"date-time":"2009-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Surg Today"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-008-3846-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,11]],"date-time":"2009-03-11T11:30:22Z","timestamp":1236771022000},"page":"189-193","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Persistent perineal sinus: Incidence, pathogenesis, risk factors, and management"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Varut","family":"Lohsiriwat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"3846_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-0536-9","volume":"47","author":"M. Karoui","year":"2004","unstructured":"Karoui M, Cohen R, Nicholls J. Results of surgical removal of the pouch after failed restorative proctocolectomy. Dis Colon Rectum 2004;47:869\u2013875.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"3846_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800531203","volume":"53","author":"J.M. Watts","year":"1966","unstructured":"Watts JM, de Dombal FT, Goligher JC. Long-term complications and prognosis following major surgery for ulcerative colitis. Br J Surg 1966;53:1014\u20131023.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"3846_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-006-3410-7","volume":"37","author":"M. Kobayashi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kobayashi M, Mohri Y, Tonouchi H, Miki C, Nakai K, Kusunoki M. Randomized clinical trial comparing intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis alone with oral and intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis for the prevention of a surgical site infection in colorectal cancer surgery. Surg Today 2007;37:383\u2013388.","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"key":"3846_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1812","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)99076-7","volume":"2","author":"W.E. Miles","year":"1908","unstructured":"Miles WE. A method of performing abdominoperineal excision for carcinoma of the rectum and of the terminal portion of the pelvic colon. Lancet 1908;2:1812\u20131813.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3846_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01648416","volume":"1","author":"M.R. Keighley","year":"1986","unstructured":"Keighley MR, Allan RN. Current status and influence of operation on perianal Crohn\u2019s disease. Int J Colorectal Dis 1986;1:104\u2013107.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"3846_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02234634","volume":"44","author":"E. Mylonakis","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mylonakis E, Allan RN, Keighley MR. How does pouch construction for a final diagnosis of Crohn\u2019s disease compare with ileoproctostomy for established Crohn\u2019s proctocolitis? Dis Colon Rectum 2001;44:1137\u20131142.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"3846_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02236990","volume":"43","author":"T. Yamamoto","year":"2000","unstructured":"Yamamoto T, Allan RN, Keighley MR. Audit of single-stage proctocolectomy for Crohn\u2019s disease: postoperative complications and recurrence. Dis Colon Rectum 2000;43:249\u2013256.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"3846_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(83)90187-3","volume":"145","author":"D.L. Manjoney","year":"1983","unstructured":"Manjoney DL, Koplewitz MJ, Abrams JS. Factors influencing perineal wound healing after proctectomy. Am J Surg 1983;145:183\u2013189.","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"3846_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02156267","volume":"33","author":"J.G. Williams","year":"1990","unstructured":"Williams JG, Hughes LE. Abdominoperineal resection for severe perianal Crohn\u2019s disease. Dis Colon Rectum 1990;33:402\u2013407.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"3846_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(86)90026-7","volume":"151","author":"J.J. Bauer","year":"1986","unstructured":"Bauer JJ, Gelernt IM, Salk BA, Kreel I. Proctectomy for inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Surg 1986;151:157\u2013162.","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"3846_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02586557","volume":"21","author":"M.L. Corman","year":"1978","unstructured":"Corman ML, Veidenheimer MC, Coller JA, Ross VH. Perineal wound healing after proctectomy for inflammatory bowel disease. Dis Colon Rectum 1978;21:155\u2013159.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"3846_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2006.01029.x","volume":"8","author":"M.A. Chadwick","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chadwick MA, Vieten D, Pettitt E, Dixon AR, Roe AM. Short course preoperative radiotherapy is the single most important risk factor for perineal wound complications after abdominoperineal excision of the rectum. Colorectal Dis 2006;8:756\u2013761.","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"3846_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02049727","volume":"38","author":"A. Fingerhut","year":"1995","unstructured":"Fingerhut A, Hay JM, Delalande JP, Paquet JC. Passive vs. closed suction drainage after perineal wound closure following abdominoperineal rectal excision for carcinoma. A multicenter, controlled trial. The French Association for Surgical Research. Dis Colon Rectum 1995;38:926\u2013932.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"3846_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02052594","volume":"37","author":"J.P. Delalande","year":"1994","unstructured":"Delalande JP, Hay JM, Fingerhut A, Kohlmann G, Paquet JC. Perineal wound management after abdominoperineal rectal excision for carcinoma with unsatisfactory hemostasis or gross septic contamination: primary closure vs. packing. A multicenter, controlled trial. French Association for Surgical Research. Dis Colon Rectum 1994;37:890\u2013896.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"3846_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198512000-00016","volume":"202","author":"R.G. Tompkins","year":"1985","unstructured":"Tompkins RG, Warshaw AL. Improved management of the perineal wound after proctectomy. Ann Surg 1985;202:760\u2013765.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"3846_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02393569","volume":"4","author":"B.T. Ferrari","year":"1980","unstructured":"Ferrari BT, DenBesten L. The prevention and treatment of the persistent perineal sinus. World J Surg 1980;4:167\u2013172.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"3846_CR17","first-page":"535","volume":"75","author":"W. Silen","year":"1974","unstructured":"Silen W, Glotzer DJ. The prevention and treatment of the persistent perineal sinus. Surgery 1974;75:535\u2013542.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"3846_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.5147","volume":"93","author":"M. Prudhomme","year":"2006","unstructured":"Prudhomme M, Dehni N, Dozois RR, Tiret E, Parc R. Causes and outcomes of pouch excision after restorative proctocolectomy. Br J Surg 2006;93:82\u201386.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"3846_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-008-9417-y","volume":"51","author":"V. Lohsiriwat","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lohsiriwat V, Clark SK. Persistent perineal sinus after ileoanal pouch excision in inflammatory bowel diseases: incidence, risk factors, and clinical course. Dis Colon Rectum 2008;51(12):1795\u20131799.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"3846_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02253501","volume":"35","author":"M.E. Sher","year":"1992","unstructured":"Sher ME, Bauer JJ, Gorphine S, Gelernt I. Low Hartmann\u2019s procedure for severe anorectal Crohn\u2019s disease. Dis Colon Rectum 1992;35:975\u2013980.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"3846_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-0827-1","volume":"48","author":"K.M. Bullard","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bullard KM, Trudel JL, Baxter NN, Rothenberger DA. Primary perineal wound closure after preoperative radiotherapy and abdominoperineal resection has a high incidence of wound failure. Dis Colon Rectum 2005;48:438\u2013443.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"3846_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2039","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-0708-7","volume":"47","author":"E.R. Winslow","year":"2004","unstructured":"Winslow ER, Kodner IJ, Mutch MG, Birnbaum EB, Fleshman JW, Dietz DW. Outcome of salvage abdominoperineal resection after failed endocavitary radiation in patients with rectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum 2004;47:2039\u20132046.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"3846_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02235190","volume":"42","author":"T. Yamamoto","year":"1999","unstructured":"Yamamoto T, Bain IM, Allan RN, Keighley MR. Persistent perineal sinus after proctocolectomy for Crohn\u2019s disease. Dis Colon Rectum 1999;42:96\u2013101.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"3846_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-0855-x","volume":"48","author":"C.K. Christian","year":"2005","unstructured":"Christian CK, Kwaan MR, Betensky RA, Breen EM, Zinner MJ, Bleday R. Risk factors for perineal wound complications following abdominoperineal resection. Dis Colon Rectum 2005;48:43\u201348.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"3846_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(16)45593-3","volume":"71","author":"R.J. Ehrlichman","year":"1991","unstructured":"Ehrlichman RJ, Seckel BR, Bryan DJ, Moschella CJ. Common complications of wound healing. Prevention and management. Surg Clin North Am 1991;71:1323\u20131351.","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"3846_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02553614","volume":"25","author":"E.J. Lubbers","year":"1982","unstructured":"Lubbers EJ. Healing of the perineal wound after proctectomy for nonmalignant conditions. Dis Colon Rectum 1982;25:351\u2013357.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"3846_CR27","first-page":"617","volume":"96","author":"J.R. Zeitels","year":"1984","unstructured":"Zeitels JR, Fiddian-Green RG, Dent TL. Intersphincteric proctectomy. Surgery 1984;96:617\u2013623.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"3846_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800620409","volume":"62","author":"T.T. Irvin","year":"1975","unstructured":"Irvin TT, Goligher JC. A controlled clinical trial of three different methods of perineal wound management following excision of the rectum. Br J Surg 1975;62:287\u2013291.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"3846_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2001.117100","volume":"130","author":"R.D. Hurst","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hurst RD, Gottlieb LJ, Crucitti P, Melis M, Rubin M, Michelassi F. Primary closure of complicated perineal wounds with myocutaneous and fasciocutaneous flaps after proctectomy for Crohn\u2019s disease. Surgery 2001;130:767\u2013772.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"3846_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.4857","volume":"92","author":"S.W. Bell","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bell SW, Dehni N, Chaouat M, Lifante JC, Parc R, Tiret E. Primary rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap for repair of perineal and vaginal defects after extended abdominoperineal resection. Br J Surg 2005;92:482\u2013486.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"3846_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199709000-00016","volume":"90","author":"B. Sarani","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sarani B, Orkin BA. Squamous cell carcinoma arising in an unhealed wound in Crohn\u2019s disease. South Med J 1997;90:940\u2013942.","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"3846_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta5140","volume":"5","author":"R. Lewis","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lewis R, Whiting P, ter Riet G, O\u2019Meara S, Glanville J. A rapid and systematic review of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of debriding agents in treating surgical wounds healing by secondary intention. Health Technol Assess 2001;5:1\u2013131.","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess"},{"issue":"suppl3","key":"3846_CR33","first-page":"55","volume":"9","author":"Y. Maeda","year":"2007","unstructured":"Maeda Y, Lohsiriwat V, Clark SK. Effects of topical administration of 10% metronidazole ointment on longstanding persistent perineal sinus: a pilot study. Colorectal Dis 2007;9(suppl 3):55.","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"3846_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02051064","volume":"34","author":"A. Hjortrup","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hjortrup A, Moesgaard F, Kjaergard J. Fibrin adhesive in the treatment of perineal fistulas. Dis Colon Rectum 1991;34:752\u2013754.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"3846_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnur.2007.05.002","volume":"42","author":"C. Hollister","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hollister C, Li VW. Using angiogenesis in chronic wound care with becaplermin and oxidized regenerated cellulose\/collagen. Nurs Clin North Am 2007;42:457\u2013465.","journal-title":"Nurs Clin North Am"},{"key":"3846_CR36","first-page":"39","volume-title":"ABC of wound healing","author":"S. Enoch","year":"2006","unstructured":"Enoch S, Grey JE, Harding KG. Non-surgical and drug treatments. In: Grey JE, Harding KG, editors. ABC of wound healing. 1st ed. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing; 2006. p. 39\u201342.","edition":"1st ed"},{"key":"3846_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-0576-1","volume":"47","author":"M. Yousaf","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yousaf M, Witherow A, Gardiner KR, Gilliland R. Use of vacuum-assisted closure for healing of a persistent perineal sinus following panproctocolectomy: report of a case. Dis Colon Rectum 2004;47:1403\u20131407.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"3846_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-0633-9","volume":"47","author":"D.M. Schaffzin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Schaffzin DM, Douglas JM, Stahl TJ, Smith LE. Vacuum-assisted closure of complex perineal wounds. Dis Colon Rectum 2004;47:1745\u20131748.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"3846_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2005.00925.x","volume":"8","author":"G. Branagan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Branagan G, Thompson MR, Senapati A. Cleft closure for the treatment of unhealed perineal sinus. Colorectal Dis 2006;8:314\u2013317.","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"3846_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1976.01360220031005","volume":"111","author":"R. Anderson","year":"1976","unstructured":"Anderson R, Turnbull RB, Jr. Grafting the unhealed perineal wound after coloproctectomy for Crohn disease. Arch Surg 1976;111:335\u2013338.","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"3846_CR41","first-page":"315","volume":"28","author":"R.S. McLeod","year":"1985","unstructured":"McLeod RS, Palmer JA, Cohen Z. Management of chronic perineal sinuses by wide excision and split-thickness skin grafting. Can J Surg 1985;28:315\u2013316.","journal-title":"Can J Surg"},{"key":"3846_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1990.01410220155022","volume":"125","author":"J.P. Anthony","year":"1990","unstructured":"Anthony JP, Mathes SJ. The recalcitrant perineal wound after rectal extirpation. Applications of muscle flap closure. Arch Surg 1990;125:1371\u20131376.","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"3846_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02049989","volume":"34","author":"W.A. Brough","year":"1991","unstructured":"Brough WA, Schofield PF. The value of the rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap in the treatment of complex perineal fistula. Dis Colon Rectum 1991;34:148\u2013150.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"3846_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.4872","volume":"92","author":"M.H. Collie","year":"2005","unstructured":"Collie MH, Potter MA, Bartolo DC. Myocutaneous flaps promote perineal healing in inflammatory bowel disease. Br J Surg 2005;92:740\u2013741.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"3846_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2005.00838.x","volume":"7","author":"A. Menon","year":"2005","unstructured":"Menon A, Clark MA, Shatari T, Keh C, Keighley MR. Pedicled flaps in the treatment of nonhealing perineal wounds. Colorectal Dis 2005;7:441\u2013444.","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"3846_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1080\/110241500750009311","volume":"166","author":"J. Rius","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rius J, Nessim A, Nogueras JJ, Wexner SD. Gracilis transposition in complicated perianal fistula and unhealed perineal wounds in Crohn\u2019s disease. Eur J Surg 2000;166:218\u2013222.","journal-title":"Eur J Surg"},{"key":"3846_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(01)00561-X","volume":"181","author":"T. Yamamoto","year":"2001","unstructured":"Yamamoto T, Mylonakis E, Keighley MR. Omentoplasty for persistent perineal sinus after proctectomy for Crohn\u2019s disease. Am J Surg 2001;181:265\u2013267.","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"3846_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02234693","volume":"44","author":"J.M. Regimbeau","year":"2001","unstructured":"Regimbeau JM, Panis Y, Pocard M, Bouhnik Y, Lavergne-Slove A, Rufat P, et al. Long-term results of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for colorectal Crohn\u2019s disease. Dis Colon Rectum 2001;44:769\u2013778.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"}],"container-title":["Surgery Today"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00595-008-3846-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00595-008-3846-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00595-008-3846-z","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]],"date-time":"2019-05-29T14:00:58Z","timestamp":1559138458000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00595-008-3846-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}},"alternative-id":["3846"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00595-008-3846-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0941-1291","1436-2813"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0941-1291","type":"print"},{"value":"1436-2813","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}}}