{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T16:49:29Z","timestamp":1783615769721,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Surg Today"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-025-03199-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T10:02:52Z","timestamp":1764583372000},"page":"934-946","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Periodontitis as a potential predisposing factor for gallstone cholecystitis: exploring the role of chronic systemic inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0015-3694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mevlut","family":"Yordanagil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamdi Taner","family":"Turgut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baris","family":"Tuzun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ercument","family":"Helvaci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ismail","family":"Okan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"3199_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.02.010","volume":"160","author":"ME .Kotas","year":"2015","unstructured":".Kotas ME, Medzhitov R. Homeostasis, inflammation, and disease susceptibility. Cell. 2015;160(5):816\u201327.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"3199_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114512005119","volume":"109","author":"PC Calder","year":"2013","unstructured":"Calder PC, Ahluwalia N, Albers R, Bosco N, Bourdet-Sicard R, Haller D, et al. A consideration of biomarkers to be used for evaluation of inflammation in human nutritional studies. Br J Nutr. 2013;109(1):S1\u201334.","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"3199_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina56060272","volume":"56","author":"G Cecoro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cecoro G, Annunziata M, Iuorio MT, Nastri L, Guida L. Periodontitis, low-grade inflammation and systemic health: a scoping review. Medicina Kaunas. 2020;56(6):272.","journal-title":"Medicina Kaunas"},{"issue":"12","key":"3199_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0675-0","volume":"25","author":"D Furman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Furman D, Campisi J, Verdin E, Carrera-Bastos P, Targ S, Franceschi C, et al. Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span. Nat Med. 2019;25(12):1822\u201332.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"3199_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12473","volume":"42","author":"C Pink","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pink C, Kocher T, Meisel P, D\u00f6rr M, Markus MR, Jablonowski L, et al. Longitudinal effects of systemic inflammation markers on periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2015;42(11):988\u201397.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"11","key":"3199_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2007.01133.x","volume":"34","author":"L Nibali","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nibali L, D\u2019Aiuto F, Griffiths G, Patel K, Suvan J, Tonetti MS. Severe periodontitis is associated with systemic inflammation and a dysmetabolic status: a case-control study. J Clin Periodontol. 2007;34(11):931\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"10","key":"3199_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.009990","volume":"130","author":"A Dregan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dregan A, Charlton J, Chowienczyk P, Gulliford MC. Chronic inflammatory disorders and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and stroke: a population-based cohort study. Circulation. 2014;130(10):837\u201344.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"3199_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.disamonth.2018.09.011","volume":"65","author":"R Hegde","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hegde R, Awan KH. Effects of periodontal disease on systemic health. Dis Mon. 2019;65(6):185\u201392.","journal-title":"Dis Mon"},{"issue":"3","key":"3199_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/S1532-3382(12)70006-4","volume":"12","author":"J Otomo-Corgel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Otomo-Corgel J, Pucher JJ, Rethman MP, Reynolds MA. State of the science: chronic periodontitis and systemic health. J Evid Based Dent Pract. 2012;12(3):20\u20138.","journal-title":"J Evid Based Dent Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"3199_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2018.1396876","volume":"130","author":"EM Cardoso","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cardoso EM, Reis C, Manzanares-C\u00e9spedes MC. Chronic periodontitis, inflammatory cytokines, and interrelationship with other chronic diseases. Postgrad Med. 2018;130(1):98\u2013104.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"3199_CR11","first-page":"148","volume":"117","author":"C Gutt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gutt C, Schl\u00e4fer S, Lammert F. The treatment of gallstone disease. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2020;117(9):148\u201358.","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"issue":"9","key":"3199_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.4240\/wjgs.v14.i9.887","volume":"14","author":"JY Jiao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiao JY, Zhu XJ, Zhou C, Wang P. Research progress on the immune microenvironment of the gallbladder in patients with cholesterol gallstones. World J Gastrointest Surg. 2022;14(9):887\u201395.","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"3199_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8060835","volume":"8","author":"IN Grigor\u2019eva","year":"2020","unstructured":"Grigor\u2019eva IN, Romanova TI. Gallstone disease and microbiome. Microorganisms. 2020;8(6):835.","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"1","key":"3199_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s12920-025-02090-y","volume":"18","author":"G Ren","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ren G, Fan Y, Zhong R, Zou G, Huang X, Zhang Y. Relationship between mucin gene polymorphisms and different types of gallbladder stones. BMC Med Genomics. 2025;18(1):22.","journal-title":"BMC Med Genomics"},{"issue":"2","key":"3199_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.12.031","volume":"136","author":"KJ Maurer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Maurer KJ, Carey MC, Fox JG. Roles of infection, inflammation, and the immune system in cholesterol gallstone formation. Gastroenterology. 2009;136(2):425\u201340.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"3199_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.515","volume":"25","author":"M Yokoe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yokoe M, Hata J, Takada T, Strasberg SM, et al. Tokyo guidelines 2018: diagnostic criteria and severity grading of acute cholecystitis (with videos). J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2018;25(1):41\u201354.","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"issue":"20","key":"3199_CR17","first-page":"S1","volume":"45","author":"JG Caton","year":"2018","unstructured":"Caton JG, Armitage G, Berglundh T, Chapple ILC, Jepsen S, Kornman KS, et al. A new classification scheme for periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions introduction and key changes from the 1999 classification. J Clin Periodontol. 2018;45(20):S1\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3199_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3785","volume":"15","author":"G Hajishengallis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hajishengallis G. Periodontitis: from microbial immune subversion to systemic inflammation. Nat Rev Immunol. 2015;15(1):30\u201344.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"3199_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2014.06.006","volume":"22","author":"RP Darveau","year":"2014","unstructured":"Darveau RP. Porphyromonas gingivalis neutrophil manipulation: risk factor for periodontitis? Trends Microbiol. 2014;22(8):428\u20139.","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3199_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2041-1014.2012.00663.x","volume":"27","author":"G Hajishengallis","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hajishengallis G, Lamont RJ. Beyond the red complex and into more complexity: the polymicrobial synergy and dysbiosis (PSD) model of periodontal disease etiology. Mol Oral Microbiol. 2012;27(6):409\u201319.","journal-title":"Mol Oral Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3199_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12304","volume":"83","author":"HA Schenkein","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schenkein HA, Papapanou PN, Genco R, Sanz M. Mechanisms underlying the association between periodontitis and atherosclerotic disease. Periodontol 2000. 2020;83(1):90\u2013106.","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"issue":"7","key":"3199_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-00488-6","volume":"21","author":"G Hajishengallis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hajishengallis G, Chavakis T. Local and systemic mechanisms linking periodontal disease and inflammatory comorbidities. Nat Rev Immunol. 2021;21(7):426\u201340.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3199_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-024-04888-3","volume":"22","author":"J Guo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guo J, Xu R, Liu R, Lai W, Hu C, He H, et al. Association between the systemic immune inflammation index and periodontitis: a cross-sectional study. J Transl Med. 2024;22(1):96.","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"3199_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2340","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2008.080192","volume":"79","author":"D Shi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shi D, Meng H, Xu L, Zhang L, Chen Z, Feng X, et al. Systemic inflammation markers in patients with aggressive periodontitis: a pilot study. J Periodontol. 2008;79(12):2340\u20136.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3199_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.21037\/jgo.2017.09.06","volume":"8","author":"Y Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang Y, Attar BM, Fuentes HE, Jaiswal P, Tafur AJ. Evaluation of the prognostic value of platelet to lymphocyte ratio in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastrointest Oncol. 2017;8(6):1065\u201371.","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3199_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-017-1821-z","volume":"21","author":"CF Zheng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zheng CF, Liu WY, Zeng FF, Zheng MH, Shi HY, Zhou Y, et al. Prognostic value of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios among critically ill patients with acute kidney injury. Crit Care. 2017;21(1):238.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"3199_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.4103\/jisp.jisp_622_18","volume":"23","author":"AB Acharya","year":"2019","unstructured":"Acharya AB, Shetty IP, Jain S, Padakannaya I, Acharya S, Shettar L, et al. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in chronic periodontitis before and after nonsurgical therapy. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2019;23(5):419\u201323.","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Periodontol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3199_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12884","volume":"45","author":"K Torrungruang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Torrungruang K, Ongphiphadhanakul B, Jitpakdeebordin S, Sarujikumjornwatana S. Mediation analysis of systemic inflammation on the association between periodontitis and glycaemic status. J Clin Periodontol. 2018;45(5):548\u201356.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3199_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-79431-7","volume":"11","author":"M Song","year":"2021","unstructured":"Song M, Graubard BI, Rabkin CS, Engels EA. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and mortality in the united States general population. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):464.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"3199_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2019.04.018","volume":"219","author":"S Hajibandeh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hajibandeh S, Hajibandeh S, Hobbs N, Mansour M. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts acute appendicitis and distinguishes between complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Surg. 2020;219(1):154\u201363.","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"3199_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23073636","volume":"23","author":"A Buonacera","year":"2022","unstructured":"Buonacera A, Stancanelli B, Colaci M, Malatino L. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio: an emerging marker of the relationships between the immune system and diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(7):3636.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"3199_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.706432","volume":"12","author":"V Machado","year":"2021","unstructured":"Machado V, Botelho J, Escalda C, Hussain SB, Luthra S, Mascarenhas P, et al. Serum C-reactive protein and periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Immunol. 2021;12:706432.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3199_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1177\/154411130201300104","volume":"13","author":"E Gemmell","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gemmell E, Yamazaki K, Seymour GJ. Destructive periodontitis lesions are determined by the nature of the lymphocytic response. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 2002;13(1):17\u201334.","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oral Biol Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3199_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2025.2487629","volume":"57","author":"Y Xu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xu Y, Li J, Ji X, Chen Q, Liu Z, Ji S. Lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratio predicts prognosis in unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients. Ann Med. 2025;57(1):2487629.","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3199_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2016.10.028","volume":"52","author":"DL Lodwick","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lodwick DL, Cooper JN, Kenney B, Deans KJ, Minneci PC, Thakkar RK. Lymphocyte depression as a predictor of postoperative intraabdominal abscess after appendectomy in children. J Pediatr Surg. 2017;52(1):93\u20137.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"3199_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911420","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2022.911420","volume":"3","author":"C Zenobia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zenobia C, Darveau RP. Does oral endotoxin contribute to systemic inflammation? Front Oral Health. 2022;3:911420.","journal-title":"Front Oral Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"3199_CR37","volume":"4","author":"TC Simpson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Simpson TC, Clarkson JE, Worthington HV, MacDonald L, Weldon JC, Needleman I, et al. Treatment of periodontitis for glycaemic control in people with diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022;4(4):CD004714.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"10","key":"3199_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4684","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15835","volume":"26","author":"M Inoue","year":"2024","unstructured":"Inoue M, Sakanaka A, Katakami N, Furuno M, Nishizawa H, Omori K, et al. Periodontal tissue susceptibility to glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2024;26(10):4684\u201393.","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"3199_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2007.01410a.x","volume":"13","author":"S Paju","year":"2007","unstructured":"Paju S, Scannapieco FA. Oral biofilms, periodontitis, and pulmonary infections. Oral Dis. 2007;13(6):508\u201312.","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"3199_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.3892\/br.2016.718","volume":"5","author":"P Han","year":"2016","unstructured":"Han P, Sun D, Yang J. Interaction between periodontitis and liver diseases. Biomed Rep. 2016;5(3):267\u201376.","journal-title":"Biomed Rep"},{"issue":"9","key":"3199_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094647","volume":"22","author":"L Vitkov","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vitkov L, Mu\u00f1oz LE, Knopf J, Schauer C, Oberthaler H, Minnich B, et al. Connection between periodontitis-induced low-grade endotoxemia and systemic diseases: neutrophils as protagonists and targets. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(9):4647.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"3199_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1866","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.98492","volume":"21","author":"Z Yu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yu Z, Wu D, Ruan G, Yan X, Sun Y, Han W, et al. Association of tooth loss and gallstones: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017\u20132018. Int J Med Sci. 2024;21(10):1866\u201375.","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"3199_CR43","first-page":"961","volume":"19","author":"Y Tsuchiya","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tsuchiya Y, Loza E, Villa-Gomez G, Trujillo CC, Baez S, Asai T, et al. Metagenomics of microbial communities in gallbladder bile from patients with gallbladder cancer or cholelithiasis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2018;19(4):961\u20137.","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"1","key":"3199_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-016-2335-5","volume":"10","author":"P Forget","year":"2017","unstructured":"Forget P, Khalifa C, Defour JP, Latinne D, Van Pel MC, De Kock M. What is the normal value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio? BMC Res Notes. 2017;10(1):12.","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"3199_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9056363","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9056363","volume":"2022","author":"G Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang G, Mivefroshan A, Yaghoobpoor S, Khanzadeh S, Siri G, Rahmani F, et al. Prognostic value of platelet to lymphocyte ratio in sepsis: A systematic review and Meta-analysis. Biomed Res Int. 2022;2022:9056363.","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"3199_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2022.101842","author":"M Tsujiura","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tsujiura M, Yamamoto A, Imaoka H, Shimura T, Kitajima T, Morimoto Y, et al. Clinical utility of lymphocyte to C-reactive protein ratio in predicting survival and postoperative complication for esophago-gastric junction cancer. Surg Oncol. 2022;44:101842. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.suronc.2022.101842.","journal-title":"Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"21","key":"3199_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12216946","volume":"12","author":"D Serban","year":"2023","unstructured":"Serban D, Stoica PL, Dascalu AM, Bratu DG, Cristea BM, Alius C, et al. The significance of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic inflammatory index (SII) in predicting severity and adverse outcomes in acute calculous cholecystitis. J Clin Med. 2023;12(21):6946.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"3199_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S453146","volume":"17","author":"L Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen L, Chen X. The role of different systemic inflammatory indexes derived from complete blood count in differentiating acute from chronic calculus cholecystitis and predicting its severity. J Inflamm Res. 2024;17:2051\u201362.","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"3199_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.909783","volume":"13","author":"KS Ma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ma KS, Lai JN, Thota E, Yip HT, Chin NC, Wei JC, et al. Bidirectional relationship between osteoarthritis and periodontitis: a population-based cohort study over a 15-year follow-up. Front Immunol. 2022;13:909783.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"3199_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdsr.2023.12.002","volume":"60","author":"T Shinjo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shinjo T, Nishimura F. The bidirectional association between diabetes and periodontitis, from basic to clinical. Jpn Dent Sci Rev. 2024;60:15\u201321.","journal-title":"Jpn Dent Sci Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"3199_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-024-00910-5","volume":"21","author":"ILC Chapple","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chapple ILC, Hirschfeld J, Cockwell P, Dietrich T, Sharma P. Interplay between periodontitis and chronic kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2025;21(4):226\u201340.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"issue":"12","key":"3199_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/nty147","volume":"21","author":"FRM Leite","year":"2019","unstructured":"Leite FRM, Nascimento GG, Baake S, Pedersen LD, Scheutz F, L\u00f3pez R. Impact of smoking cessation on periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective longitudinal observational and interventional studies. Nicotine Tob Res. 2019;21(12):1600\u20138.","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"3199_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-03937-z","volume":"24","author":"JN Xu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xu JN, Huang YQ, Wang J, Wang HL, Sun C, Shi W, et al. Association between healthy lifestyle combinations and periodontitis in NHANES. BMC Oral Health. 2024;24(1):182.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"3199_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-016-0124-z","volume":"31","author":"D Aune","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aune D, Vatten LJ, Boffetta P. Tobacco smoking and the risk of gallbladder disease. Eur J Epidemiol. 2016;31(7):643\u201353.","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3199_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2017.09.005","volume":"31","author":"DM Shabanzadeh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shabanzadeh DM, Novovic S. Alcohol, smoking and benign hepato-biliary disease. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2017;31(5):519\u201327.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Surgery Today"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00595-025-03199-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00595-025-03199-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00595-025-03199-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T14:03:12Z","timestamp":1779372192000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00595-025-03199-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["3199"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00595-025-03199-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0941-1291","1436-2813"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0941-1291","type":"print"},{"value":"1436-2813","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"We have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships to disclose that could have influenced this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Kocaeli City Hospital on July 18, 2024 (Approval Number: Kocaeli City Hospital Ethics Committee 2024-80) and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The participants provided their written informed consent to participate in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}