{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T10:56:38Z","timestamp":1780829798685,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,23]],"date-time":"2020-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590192000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,23]],"date-time":"2020-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590192000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Neurochir"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-020-04358-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,23]],"date-time":"2020-05-23T14:02:16Z","timestamp":1590242536000},"page":"2915-2921","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Clinical features and long-term surgical outcomes of pure spinal epidural cavernous hemangioma\u2014report of 23 cases"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"162","author":[{"given":"Liang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangyu","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aijia","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinguang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"4358_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.43.471","volume":"43","author":"N Aoyagi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Aoyagi N, Kojima K, Kasai H (2003) Review of spinal epidural cavernous hemangioma. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 43(10):471\u2013475 discussion 476","journal-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)"},{"issue":"2","key":"4358_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1054\/jocn.2000.0756","volume":"8","author":"GA Appiah","year":"2001","unstructured":"Appiah GA, Knuckey NW, Robbins PD (2001) Extradural spinal cavernous haemangioma: case report and review of the literature. J Clin Neurosci 8(2):176\u2013179","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"4358_CR3","first-page":"459","volume":"49","author":"Y Bayri","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bayri Y, Eksi MS, Yalcinkaya Koc D, Konya D (2015) Spinal epidural cavernous angioma: two case reports and review of the literature. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 49(4):459\u2013464","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc"},{"issue":"5","key":"4358_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200003010-00016","volume":"25","author":"R Carlier","year":"2000","unstructured":"Carlier R, Engerand S, Lamer S et al (2000) Foraminal epidural extra osseous cavernous hemangioma of the cervical spine: a case report. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 25(5):629\u2013631","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"3","key":"4358_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E575","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000255345.48829.0B","volume":"60","author":"G Caruso","year":"2007","unstructured":"Caruso G, Galarza M, Borghesi I et al (2007) Acute presentation of spinal epidural cavernous angiomas: case report. Neurosurgery 60(3):E575\u2013E576 discussion E576","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"4358_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.09.003","volume":"120","author":"C Cossandi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cossandi C, Fanti A, Gerosa A et al (2018) Rare case of dumbbell-shaped spinal cavernous Hemangioma and literature review. World Neurosurg 120:181\u2013184","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"4358_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-003-0275-8","volume":"26","author":"G D'Andrea","year":"2003","unstructured":"D'Andrea G, D'Andrea G, Ramundo OE, Trillo G et al (2003) Dorsal foramenal extraosseous epidural cavernous hemangioma. Neurosurg Rev 26(4):292\u2013296","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"4358_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-8336","volume":"43","author":"M Daneyemez","year":"2000","unstructured":"Daneyemez M, Sirin S, Duz B (2000) Spinal epidural cavernous angioma: case report. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 43(3):159\u2013162","journal-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"4358_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-8237.188419","volume":"7","author":"IN Esene","year":"2016","unstructured":"Esene IN, Ashour AM, Marvin E et al (2016) Pure spinal epidural cavernous hemangioma: a case series of seven cases. J Craniovertebr Junction Spine 7(3):176\u2013183","journal-title":"J Craniovertebr Junction Spine"},{"issue":"3","key":"4358_CR10","first-page":"179","volume":"7","author":"HL Frankel","year":"1969","unstructured":"Frankel HL, Hancock DO, Hyslop G et al (1969) The value of postural reduction in the initial management of closed injuries of the spine with paraplegia and tetraplegia. I Paraplegia 7(3):179\u2013192","journal-title":"I Paraplegia"},{"key":"4358_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2014.08.026","volume":"126","author":"P Gencpinar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gencpinar P, Acikbas SC, Nur BG et al (2014) Epidural capillary hemangioma: a review of the literature. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 126:99\u2013102","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"4358_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101248","volume":"40","author":"A Goyal","year":"2002","unstructured":"Goyal A, Singh AK, Gupta V, Tatke M (2002) Spinal epidural cavernous haemangioma: a case report and review of literature. Spinal Cord 40(4):200\u2013202","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"4358_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"B6","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1673.2007.01775.x","volume":"51 Spec No","author":"T Hakan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hakan T, Demir M, Aker F, Berkman M (2007) Pregnancy-related spinal epidural capillary-cavernous haemangioma: magnetic resonance imaging and differential diagnosis. Australas Radiol 51 Spec No:B6\u2013B9","journal-title":"Australas Radiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"4358_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.46.455","volume":"46","author":"MA Hatiboglu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hatiboglu MA, Iplikcioglu AC, Ozcan D (2006) Epidural spinal cavernous hemangioma. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 46(9):455\u2013458","journal-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)"},{"key":"4358_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.01.037","volume":"50","author":"KT Huang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huang KT, McAvoy M, Helgager J et al (2018) Spinal hemangioma mimicking a dumbbell-shaped schwannoma: case report and review of the literature. J Clin Neurosci 50:160\u2013162","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"4358_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2015.58.1.72","volume":"58","author":"WJ Jeong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jeong WJ, Choi I, Seong HY, Roh SW (2015) Thoracic extradural cavernous hemangioma mimicking a dumbbell-shaped tumor. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 58(1):72\u201375","journal-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"4358_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-012-2526-2","volume":"22","author":"MR Khalatbari","year":"2013","unstructured":"Khalatbari MR, Abbassioun K, Amirjmshidi A (2013) Solitary spinal epidural cavernous angioma: report of nine surgically treated cases and review of the literature. Eur Spine J 22(3):542\u2013547","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"5","key":"4358_CR18","first-page":"364","volume":"23","author":"MR Khalatbari","year":"2013","unstructured":"Khalatbari MR, Hamidi M, Moharamzad Y (2013) Acute presentation of solitary spinal epidural cavernous angioma in a child. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 23(5):364\u2013366","journal-title":"J Coll Physicians Surg Pak"},{"issue":"4","key":"4358_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2012.52.4.407","volume":"52","author":"KH Kim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim KH, Song SW, Lee SE, Lee SH (2012) Spinal epidural arteriovenous hemangioma mimicking lumbar disc herniation. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 52(4):407\u2013409","journal-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"4358_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.4.SPINE09986","volume":"13","author":"J Kivelev","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kivelev J, Niemela M, Hernesniemi J (2010) Outcome after microsurgery in 14 patients with spinal cavernomas and review of the literature. J Neurosurg Spine 13(4):524\u2013534","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"7","key":"4358_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A0563","volume":"28","author":"JW Lee","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lee JW, Cho EY, Hong SH et al (2007) Spinal epidural hemangiomas: various types of MR imaging features with histopathologic correlation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 28(7):1242\u20131248","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4358_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.9.SPINE13901","volume":"22","author":"TY Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li TY, Xu YL, Yang J et al (2015) Primary spinal epidural cavernous hemangioma: clinical features and surgical outcome in 14 cases. J Neurosurg Spine 22(1):39\u201346","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"4","key":"4358_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198810000-00009","volume":"23","author":"PC McCormick","year":"1988","unstructured":"McCormick PC, Michelsen WJ, Post KD et al (1988) Cavernous malformations of the spinal cord. Neurosurgery 23(4):459\u2013463","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"4358_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-013-3045-5","volume":"23","author":"M Muhmer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Muhmer M, Bostelmann R, Sarikaya-Seiwert S et al (2014) Clinical and radiological presentation of spinal epidural haemangiomas: clinical series in a tertiary care centre during a 10-year period. Eur Spine J 23(2):404\u2013410","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"3","key":"4358_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/S0150-9861(04)96993-3","volume":"31","author":"S Nagi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nagi S, Megdiche H, Bouzaidi K et al (2004) Imaging features of spinal epidural cavernous malformations. J Neuroradiol 31(3):208\u2013213","journal-title":"J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4358_CR26","first-page":"797","volume":"57","author":"M Pojskic","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pojskic M, Zbytek B, Mutrie CJ, Arnautovic KI (2018) Spinal dumbbell epidural hemangioma: two stage\/same sitting\/same position posterior microsurgical and transthoracic endoscopic resection - case report and review of the literature. Acta Clin Croat 57(4):797\u2013808","journal-title":"Acta Clin Croat"},{"issue":"1","key":"4358_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199101000-00010","volume":"28","author":"D Rigamonti","year":"1991","unstructured":"Rigamonti D, Johnson PC, Spetzler RF et al (1991) Cavernous malformations and capillary telangiectasia: a spectrum within a single pathological entity. Neurosurgery 28(1):60\u201364","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"4358_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.7.PEDS09203","volume":"5","author":"S Sarikaya-Seiwert","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sarikaya-Seiwert S, Gierga K, Wessalowski R et al (2010) Solitary spinal epidural cavernous angiomas in children presenting with acute neurological symptoms caused by hemorrhage. J Neurosurg Pediatr 5(1):89\u201393","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"4358_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-200103000-00019","volume":"25","author":"JH Shin","year":"2001","unstructured":"Shin JH, Lee HK, Rhim SC et al (2001) Spinal epidural cavernous hemangioma: MR findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr 25(2):257\u2013261","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"issue":"2","key":"4358_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198602000-00008","volume":"18","author":"JM Simard","year":"1986","unstructured":"Simard JM, Garcia-Bengochea F, Ballinger WE et al (1986) Cavernous angioma: a review of 126 collected and 12 new clinical cases. Neurosurgery 18(2):162\u2013172","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"4358_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1202","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000345940.21674.AE","volume":"64","author":"MJ Sohn","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sohn MJ, Lee DJ, Jeon SR, Khang SK (2009) Spinal radiosurgical treatment for thoracic epidural cavernous hemangioma presenting as radiculomyelopathy: technical case report. Neurosurgery 64(6):E1202\u2013E1203 discussion E1203","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"Suppl 10","key":"4358_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S309","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.159378","volume":"6","author":"M Yunoki","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yunoki M, Suzuki K, Uneda A, Yoshino K (2015) A case of dumbbell-shaped epidural cavernous angioma in the lumbar spine. Surg Neurol Int 6(Suppl 10):S309\u2013S312","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"4358_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s007010050293","volume":"141","author":"D Zevgaridis","year":"1999","unstructured":"Zevgaridis D, Medele RJ, Hamburger C et al (1999) Cavernous haemangiomas of the spinal cord. A review of 117 cases. Acta Neurochir 141(3):237\u2013245","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"issue":"4","key":"4358_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-012-1295-3","volume":"154","author":"W Zhong","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhong W, Huang S, Chen H et al (2012) Pure spinal epidural cavernous hemangioma. Acta Neurochir 154(4):739\u2013745","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"}],"container-title":["Acta Neurochirurgica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00701-020-04358-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00701-020-04358-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00701-020-04358-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,22]],"date-time":"2021-05-22T23:27:47Z","timestamp":1621726067000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00701-020-04358-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,23]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["4358"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00701-020-04358-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-6268","0942-0940"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-6268","type":"print"},{"value":"0942-0940","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 December 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 April 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 May 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest disclosure"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee by the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}