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LD\u2019s research fellowship is sponsored by B.Braun. LDW has received honoraria from and served on advisory boards for Medtronic, B. Braun and Codman. AKT research time was supported by the National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre. The other authors have no disclosures to report.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. For this type of study, formal consent is not required. Informed consent was given by all patients for procedures described as part of their routine clinical management.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standards"}}]}}