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A neuropsychological test battery covering verbal and spatial episodic memory, executive function, and attention was administered preoperatively and 12\u00a0months after surgery. Medical records were used as a source for descriptive data to probe for any changes not covered by standardized checklists and the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), the primary outcome measure.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>At 12\u00a0months, seven patients showed response to DBS: three were full responders (i.e., Y-BOCS\u2009\u2265\u200935% improvement), and four were partial responders (Y-BOCS 25\u201334% improvement). Relative to baseline, there was a slight decline on visuo-spatial learning (p\u2009=\u20090.027), and improved performance on the Color-Word Interference inhibition\/switching subtest (p\u2009=\u20090.041), suggesting improvement in cognitive flexibility.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>DBS in the BNST for treatment refractory OCD generates very few adverse cognitive effects and improves cognitive flexibility after 12\u00a0months of stimulation. The improvement in Y-BOCS and the absence of major cognitive side effects support the BNST as a potential target for DBS in severe OCD.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-022-05351-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]],"date-time":"2022-09-02T19:02:31Z","timestamp":1662145351000},"page":"1201-1214","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Deep brain stimulation in the ALIC-BNST region targeting the bed nucleus of stria terminalis in patients with obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder: effects on cognition after 12\u00a0months"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"165","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7063-9710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johanna","family":"Philipson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matilda","family":"Naesstrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes D.","family":"Johansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marwan","family":"Hariz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patric","family":"Blomstedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marjan","family":"Jahanshahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"5351_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.11.042","volume":"57","author":"JL Abelson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Abelson JL, Curtis GC, Sagher O, Albucher RC, Harrigan M, Taylor SF, Martis B, Giordani B (2005) Deep brain stimulation for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder. 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