{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T22:52:25Z","timestamp":1781650345569,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,9]],"date-time":"2023-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675900800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,9]],"date-time":"2023-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Helsinki including Helsinki University Central Hospital"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Neurochir"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Alcohol consumption has been reported to deteriorate surgical performance both immediately after consumption as well as on the next day. We studied the early effects of alcohol consumption on microsurgical manual dexterity in a laboratory setting.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Six neurosurgeons or neurosurgical residents (all male) performed micro- and macro suturing tasks after consuming variable amounts of alcohol. Each participant drank 0\u20134 doses of alcohol (14\u00a0g ethanol). After a delay of 60\u2013157\u00a0min, he performed a macrosurgical and microsurgical task (with a surgical microscope). The tasks consisted of cutting and re-attaching a circular latex flap (diameter: 50\u00a0mm macrosuturing, 4\u00a0mm microsuturing) with eight interrupted sutures (4\u20130 multifilament macrosutures, 9\u20130 monofilament microsutures). We measured the time required to complete the sutures, and the amplitude and the frequency of physiological tremor during the suturing. In addition, we used a four-point ordinal scale to rank the quality of the sutures for each task. Each participant repeated the tasks several times on separate days varying the pre-task alcohol consumption (including one sober task at the end of the data collection).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 93 surgical tasks (47 macrosurgical, 46 microsurgical) were performed. The fastest microsurgical suturing (median 11\u00a0min 49\u00a0s, [interquartile range (IQR) 654 to 761\u00a0s]) was recorded after three doses of alcohol (median blood alcohol level 0.32\u2030). The slowest microsurgical suturing (median 15\u00a0min 19\u00a0s, [IQR 666 to 1121\u00a0s]) was observed after one dose (median blood alcohol level 0\u2030). The quality of sutures was the worst (mean 0.70 [standard deviation (SD) 0.48] quality points lost) after three doses of alcohol and the best (mean 0.33 [SD 0.52] quality points lost) after four doses (median blood alcohol level 0.44\u2030).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Consuming small amount of alcohol did not deteriorate microsurgical performance in our study. An observed reduction in physiological tremor may partially explain this.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-023-05501-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675987200000},"page":"577-583","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Small amount of alcohol did not deteriorate microsurgical dexterity: a prospective laboratory study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"165","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7677-4358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ville","family":"Vasankari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Eisenring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Rossmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Veldeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ville","family":"Nurminen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Hafez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahul","family":"Raj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mika","family":"Niemel\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Lehecka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"5501_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.01.005","volume":"112","author":"E Belykh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Belykh E, Onaka NR, Abramov IT, Ya\u011fmurlu K, Byvaltsev VA, Spetzler RF, Nakaj P, Preul MC (2018) Systematic review of factors influencing surgical performance: practical recommendations for microsurgical procedures in neurosurgery. World Neurosurg 112:e182\u2013e207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.01.005","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"5501_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.03.039","volume":"88","author":"AE Bykanov","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bykanov AE, Pitskhelauri DI, Zagidullin TR, Grachev NS, Danilov GV, Sufianov RA (2021) Effects of exogenous factors on spatial accuracy in neurosurgery. J Clin Neurosci 88:135\u2013141","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"5501_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2006.07.020","volume":"67","author":"A Cs\u00f3kay","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cs\u00f3kay A (2007) A novel microsurgical technique reduces hand tremor in the course of lateral suboccipital approach. Surg Neurol 67(4):392\u2013393","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"5501_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-001-9052-3","volume":"16","author":"H Dorafshar","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dorafshar H, O\u2019Boyle DJ, McCloy RF (2002) Effects of a moderate dose of alcohol on simulated laparoscopic surgical performance. Surg Endosc 16:1753\u20131758","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"5501_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.2011.67","volume":"146","author":"AG Gallagher","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gallagher AG, Boyle E, Toner P, Neary PC, Andersen DK, Satava RM, Seymour NE (2011) Persistent next-day effects of excessive alcohol consumption on laparoscopic surgical performance. Arch Surg 146:419\u2013426","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"5501_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.25.3.259","volume":"25","author":"JH Growdon","year":"1975","unstructured":"Growdon JH, Shahani BT, Young RR (1975) The effect of alcohol on essential tremor. Neurology 25(3):259\u2013262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.25.3.259","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"5501_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaufman HH, Lewin J, Munzner R, Pearson J, Sullivan R, Rector S, Vannoy DW, Frost JL, Brisell D (1991) Ethical and legal responsibilities of the neurosurgeon: selected topics. Neurosurgery 28(6):918\u2013923","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199106000-00027"},{"key":"5501_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kerawala C (2010) Microvascular surgery \u2013 principles. 187\u2013193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1201\/b13386-25","DOI":"10.1201\/b13386-25"},{"key":"5501_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2006.03664.x","volume":"76","author":"H Kocher","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kocher H, Warwick J, Al-Ghnaniem R, Patel A (2006) Surgical dexterity after a \u2018night out on the town.\u2019 ANZ J Surg 76:110\u2013112","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"key":"5501_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.1994.sp003763","volume":"79","author":"M Lakie","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lakie M, Frymann K, Villagra F, Jakeman P (1994) The effect of alcohol on physiological tremor. Exp Physiol:Transl Integr 79:273\u2013276","journal-title":"Exp Physiol:Transl Integr"},{"issue":"1","key":"5501_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3746\/pnf.2018.23.1.1","volume":"23","author":"K Min-Ju","year":"2018","unstructured":"Min-Ju K, Sang-Wook L, Jong-Hyun K, Da-Jeong C, Jung-In K, Min-Jung K (2018) Effect of mixed fruit and vegetable juice on alcohol hangovers in healthy adults. Prev Nutr Food Sci 23(1):1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3746\/pnf.2018.23.1.1","journal-title":"Prev Nutr Food Sci"},{"key":"5501_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/S1042-3699(20)30148-5","volume":"13","author":"JR Zuniga","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zuniga JR, Zenn MR (2001) Principles of microsurgery. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 13:331\u2013342","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"5501_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zyluk A, Czernikiewicz K, Antoniak J, Abramczyk U (2021) An analysis of the effect of selected factors on microsurgical performance. Handchirurgie\u00b7 Mikrochirurgie\u00b7 Plastische Chirurgie. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-1380-3922","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1380-3922"}],"container-title":["Acta Neurochirurgica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00701-023-05501-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00701-023-05501-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00701-023-05501-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]],"date-time":"2023-03-10T08:07:41Z","timestamp":1678435661000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00701-023-05501-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,9]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["5501"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00701-023-05501-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0942-0940"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0942-0940","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 October 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 January 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 February 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The manuscript does not contain clinical studies or patient data, which is why ethical permission and informed consent were not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}