{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T21:16:33Z","timestamp":1762377393760,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,23]],"date-time":"2023-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687478400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,23]],"date-time":"2023-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687478400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004885","name":"Ume\u00e5 Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004885","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Umea University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Neurochir"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Prognostication of clinical outcome in patients suffering from aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a challenge. There are no biochemical markers in routine use that can aid in prognostication. Neurofilament light (NFL) measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been associated with clinical outcome in previous studies.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To investigate if serum levels of NFL correlate with CSF levels and long-term clinical outcome in patients suffering from SAH.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We conducted an observational cohort study of 88 patients treated for SAH at Ume\u00e5 University Hospital in 2014\u20132018. Serum and CSF samples were analysed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to quantify NFL levels. Outcome was assessed using Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended and dichotomised as favourable or unfavourable. Differences in NFL levels between outcome groups were analysed using repeated measurements ANOVA. Relationship between CSF and serum NFL levels was analysed using Pearson\u2019s correlation. A multivariate binary logistic regression model and a receiver operation characteristic curve were used to assess the predictive value of serum NFL.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A significant correlation between serum and CSF-NFL levels could be seen (Pearson\u2019s correlation coefficient = 0.7, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; .0001). Mean level of serum NFL was higher in the unfavourable outcome group than the favourable outcome group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; .0001), in all epochs of SAH, and correlated with initial disease severity on the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies scale. Serum NFL in the late phase displayed the best predictive potential in a receiver operation characteristic curve analysis (AUC=0.845, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; .0001).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Levels of NFL in serum and CSF are correlated. Early serum NFL levels seem to reflect initial tissue damage and serum NFL levels in the late phase may reflect secondary events such as vasospasm or delayed cerebral ischemia. Serum NFL may be used as a prognostic marker of clinical outcome in SAH.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-023-05673-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,23]],"date-time":"2023-06-23T18:42:29Z","timestamp":1687545749000},"page":"2793-2800","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Serum neurofilament light as a predictor of outcome in subarachnoid haemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"165","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8612-7173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Conny","family":"Johansson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3354-4146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Aineskog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3528-8502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars-Owe D.","family":"Koskinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Gunnarsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9552-2957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Lindvall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"5673_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1975","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa098","volume":"143","author":"AR Gafson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gafson AR, Barth\u00e9lemy NR, Bomont P, Carare RO, Durham HD, Julien JP, Kuhle J, Leppert D, Nixon RA, Weller RO, Zetterberg H, Matthews PM (2020) Neurofilaments: neurobiological foundations for biomarker applications. 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Written informed consent was gathered from all participants. In case the participant was unable to consent due to severity of the investigated disease, consent was given by next of kin. The study was performed with the ethical standards of the Helsinki declaration.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"A.G. is employed by UmanDiagnostics\u00ae which has UmanDiagnostics NF-Light\u2122 as a market product.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}