{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T23:02:29Z","timestamp":1785538949549,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]],"date-time":"2024-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724198400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]],"date-time":"2024-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["214145\/Z\/18\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["214145\/Z\/18\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Neurochir"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Preoperative endovascular embolisation is a widely used adjunct for the surgical treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). However, whether this improves completeness of AVM resection is unknown, as previous analyses have not adjusted for potential confounding factors. We aimed to determine if preoperative endovascular embolisation was associated with increased rate of complete AVM resection at first surgery, following adjustment for Spetzler-Martin grade items.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We identified a cohort of all patients undergoing first ever AVM resection in a specialist neurosciences unit in the NHS Lothian Health Board region of Scotland between June 2004 and June 2022. Data was prospectively extracted from medical records. Our primary outcome was completeness of AVM resection. We determined the odds of complete AVM resection using binomial logistic regression with adjustment for Spetzler-Martin grading system items: maximum nidus diameter, eloquence of adjacent brain and the presence of deep venous drainage.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>88 patients (median age 40y [IQR 19\u201353], 55% male) underwent AVM resection. 34\/88 (39%) patients underwent preoperative embolisation and complete resection was achieved at first surgery in 74\/88 (84%). Preoperative embolisation was associated with increased adjusted odds of complete AVM resection (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 8.6 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.7\u201367.7]; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.017). The presence of deep venous drainage was associated with reduced chance of complete AVM resection (aOR 0.18 [95% CI 0.04\u20130.63]; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Preoperative embolisation is associated with improved chances of complete AVM resection following adjustment for Spetzler-Martin grade, and should therefore be considered when planning surgical resection of AVMs.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-024-06234-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T15:30:49Z","timestamp":1724340649000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Influence of preoperative embolisation on resection of brain arteriovenous malformations: cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"166","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5210-4923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seong Hoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6451-9448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James JM.","family":"Loan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8272-092X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Downer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"DuPlessis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4355-456X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Keston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony N.","family":"Wiggins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Fouyas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Drahoslav","family":"Sokol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"18","key":"6234_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5990","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12185990","volume":"12","author":"M Alfter","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alfter M, Albi\u00f1a-Palmarola P, Cimpoca A, D\u00edaz-Peregrino R, Jans P, Ganslandt O et al (2023) Multi-stage treatment for spetzler\u2013martin grades III, IV, and V Arteriovenous malformations: preoperative embolization and microsurgical resection in a consecutive series of 250 patients. 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It did not affect normal patient care. Therefore, individual patient consent and ethical approval were not required. Approval for the audit\u2019s conduct and analysis were obtained from the NHS Lothian Health Board Department of Neurosurgery\u2019s clinical governance panel and the NHS Lothian information governance Caldicott Guardian.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"See ethics approval.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors consent to publication of this manuscript.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest or competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest\/Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"345"}}