{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T01:54:36Z","timestamp":1769824476085,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]],"date-time":"2025-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741392000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]],"date-time":"2025-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Neurochir"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Bone wax alternatives, such as Ostene\u00ae, are marketed as substitutes for traditional bone wax, offering the benefits of resorbability, improved bone osteogenesis, and reduced inflammatory reactions, granulomas, and infection risks. However, the limitations of these agents in cranial neurosurgery, particularly for sealing exposed air cells during skull base repair, are underreported. We present an early post-operative case of subcutaneous emphysema, pneumocephalus, and bone flap infection following the failure of Ostene\u00ae to provide a durable seal of air cells after temporal craniotomy and tumour resection. This highlights a limitation of Ostene\u00ae and other water-soluble bone haemostasis agents in cranial neurosurgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-025-06473-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]],"date-time":"2025-03-08T05:46:57Z","timestamp":1741412817000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Wax on, wax off: a case report discussing a potential pitfall of dissolvable bone wax substitutes such as\u00a0Ostene\u00ae in neurosurgery"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"167","author":[{"given":"Madeleine Louise","family":"Buck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristian John","family":"Bulluss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul Daniel","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"6473_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bjs\/znad361","author":"KGM Brown","year":"2024","unstructured":"Brown KGM, Solomon MJ (2024) Topical haemostatic agents in surgery. Br J Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bjs\/znad361","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"6473_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.04.222","volume":"116","author":"JM Das","year":"2018","unstructured":"Das JM (2018) Bone wax in neurosurgery: A review. World Neurosurg 116:72\u201376","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"6473_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-195012000-00012","volume":"132","author":"JR Geary","year":"1950","unstructured":"Geary JR, Frantz VK (1950) New absorbable hemostatic bone wax. Ann Surg 132(6):1128\u20131137","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"6473_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/foc-07\/07\/e16","author":"G Gupta","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gupta G, Prestigiacomo CJ (2007) From sealing wax to bone wax: predecessors to Horsley\u2019s development. Neurosurg Focus. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/foc-07\/07\/e16","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"6473_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000316859.03788.44","author":"CE Magyar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Magyar CE, Aghaloo TL, Atti E, Tetradis S (2008) Ostene, a new alkylene oxide copolymer bone hemostatic material, does not inhibit bone healing. Neurosurgery. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1227\/01.NEU.0000316859.03788.44","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"6473_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.12.015","volume":"124","author":"D Paulo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Paulo D, Semonche A, Choudhry O, Al-Mufti F, Prestigiacomo CJ, Roychowdhury S, Nanda A, Gupta G (2019) History of hemostasis in neurosurgery. 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Neurosurgery 49(4):962\u2013968","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"6473_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2007.11.042","volume":"85","author":"T Wellisz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wellisz T, Armstrong JK, Cambridge J, An YH, Wen X, Hill CM, Fisher TC (2008) The effects of a soluble polymer and bone wax on sternal healing in an animal model. Ann Thorac Surg 85(5):1776\u20131780","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"6473_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200605000-00006","volume":"17","author":"T Wellisz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wellisz T, Armstrong JK, Cambridge J, Fisher TC (2006) Ostene, a new water-soluble bone hemostasis agent. J Craniofac Surg 17(3):420\u2013425","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"6473_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2019.03.005","volume":"17","author":"H Zhou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhou H, Ge J, Bai Y, Liang C, Yang L (2019) Translation of bone wax and its substitutes: History, clinical status and future directions. J Orthop Translat 17:64\u201372","journal-title":"J Orthop Translat"}],"container-title":["Acta Neurochirurgica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00701-025-06473-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00701-025-06473-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00701-025-06473-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T07:27:13Z","timestamp":1757143633000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00701-025-06473-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["6473"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00701-025-06473-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0942-0940"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0942-0940","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This case report involving a human participant was written in accordance with the ethical standards of St. Vincent\u2019s Institutional Ethics Committee and in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The participant has consented to the submission of the case report to the journal, including signed informed written consent regarding publishing their data and the radiological images in Figs.\u00a0, , and .This report has been written in accordance with COPE guidelines and the CARE statement.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"65"}}