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This study was conducted at Barcelona Hospital Clinic.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Seventy-seven patients were included, of whom 30 underwent surgery using the robot and 47 using a stereotactic frame. The postoperative improvement percentage of the Unified Parkinson\u2019s Disease Rating Scale at 3\u00a0months was similar in both groups (robot: 71.4\u2009\u00b1\u200918 vs. frame: 72.6%\u2009\u00b1\u200917, P\u2009=\u20090.82). There were no significant differences in the perioperative complications (robot: 4% vs. frame: 4.3%, P\u2009=\u20090.93) or in the adverse reactions related to brain stimulation and medical treatment (robot: 18% vs. frame: 25%, P\u2009=\u20090.53). There was a slight improvement in the anatomical-radiological accuracy of brain electrode implantation assisted by the robotic arm, measured using radial error (robot: 1.01\u2009\u00b1\u20090.5\u00a0mm vs. frame: 1.32\u2009\u00b1\u20090.6\u00a0mm, P\u2009=\u20090.03).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Both systems (robotic and stereotactic frame) exhibited similar initial clinical efficacies and safety profiles. The use of the robotic arm Neuromate slightly improved the anatomical-radiological accuracy in the placement of DBS electrodes for movement disorders compared with the stereotactic frame.\n<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-025-06618-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T07:28:24Z","timestamp":1754983704000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Robotic arm vs. stereotactic frame in deep brain stimulation surgery for movement disorders: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"167","author":[{"given":"Doriam","family":"Perera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro Rold\u00e1n","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesc","family":"Valldeoriola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Almudena","family":"S\u00e1nchez-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abel","family":"Ferr\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"P\u00e9rez-Baldioceda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gloria","family":"Cabrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"Mosteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorena","family":"G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Codes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Manfrellotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Rumi\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"6618_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5609163","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5609163","volume":"2017","author":"H Abboud","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abboud H, Genc G, Thompson NR et al (2017) Predictors of functional and quality of life outcomes following deep brain stimulation surgery in Parkinson\u2019s disease patients: disease, patient, and surgical factors. 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We consulted extensively with the IRB of Hospital Clinic who determined that our study did not need ethical approval.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human ethics and consent to participate declarations"}},{"value":"Informed consent was not obtained from participants included in the study due to the retrospective and non-experimental nature of the study.Surgical staff signed informed consent regarding publishing their photographs (Fig.\u00a03).","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"219"}}