{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T07:02:24Z","timestamp":1784703744484,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762560000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Neurochir"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a chronic disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS) because of persistent measles virus (MeV) infection. Among the various treatment available the intraventricular interferon alpha administration demonstrated greater effectiveness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this article is described the step-by-step surgical technique of the positioning of an intraventricular catheter connected to a rechargeable subcutaneous pump. The main surgical steps and the pump settings are illustrated in a supplementary video.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This surgical management guarantees a continuous drug release improving the therapeutic effect in terms of clinical and neuroradiological outcome and reducing the toxicity profile.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-025-06693-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T06:31:32Z","timestamp":1762583492000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["How I do it: continuous intraventricular interferon alpha infusion in pediatric patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"167","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Tengattini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Errichiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Varone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Cinalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Ruggiero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"6693_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1177\/147323001103900228","volume":"39","author":"H Cece","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cece H, Tokay L, Yildiz S, Karakas O, Karakas E, Iscan A (2011) Epidemiological findings and clinical and magnetic resonance presentations in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. J Int Med Res 39:594\u2013602","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"issue":"01","key":"6693_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8619(18)31062-4","volume":"3","author":"PR Dyken","year":"1985","unstructured":"Dyken PR (1985) Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Curr Status Neurol Clin 3(01):179\u2013196","journal-title":"Curr Status Neurol Clin"},{"issue":"12","key":"6693_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-008-0032-6","volume":"255","author":"RK Garg","year":"2008","unstructured":"Garg RK (2008) Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. J Neurol 255(12):1861\u20131871. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-008-0032-6","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6693_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.4103\/aian.aian_655_22","volume":"26","author":"D Garg","year":"2023","unstructured":"Garg D, Sharma S (2023) Disease-modifying therapy in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: an area of darkness. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 26(1):3\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/aian.aian_655_22","journal-title":"Ann Indian Acad Neurol"},{"key":"6693_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2010.03717.x","volume":"52","author":"J Gutierrez","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gutierrez J, Issacson RS, Koppel BS, Koppel B (2010) Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: an update. Dev Med Child Neurol 52:901\u2013907","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6693_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26020427","volume":"26","author":"K Hashimoto","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hashimoto K, Hosoya M (2021) Advances in antiviral therapy for subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Molecules 26(2):427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules26020427","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"6693_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02004-3","volume":"399","author":"JM H\u00fcbschen","year":"2022","unstructured":"H\u00fcbschen JM, Gouandjika-Vasilache I, Dina J (2022) Measles. Lancet 399:678\u2013690","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"6693_CR8","volume":"12","author":"L Kannan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kannan L, Garg SK, Arya R, Sankar MJ, Anand V (2013) Treatments for subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 12:CD010867","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"6693_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2018.06730","volume":"62","author":"M Kwak","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kwak M, Yeh HR, Yum MS, Kim HJ, You SJ, Ko TS (2019) A long-term subacute sclerosing panencephalitis survivor treated with intraventricular interferon-alpha for 13 years. Korean J Pediatr 62(3):108\u2013112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3345\/kjp.2018.06730","journal-title":"Korean J Pediatr"}],"container-title":["Acta Neurochirurgica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00701-025-06693-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00701-025-06693-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00701-025-06693-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T06:08:22Z","timestamp":1784700502000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00701-025-06693-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["6693"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00701-025-06693-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0942-0940"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0942-0940","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 July 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in the studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standard. Written informed consent to publish was obtained from parents for publication of the details of the medical case and any accompanying images. The study was exempt from ethical approval according to the Institutional Review Board in view of retrospective nature of the case report and all the procedures being performed were part of the routine care.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate and for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"291"}}