{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T02:48:36Z","timestamp":1785379716606,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Neurochir"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The auditory brainstem implant (ABI) is a surgically implanted neuroprosthetic that may be used in the management of profound hearing loss in paediatric patients that are ineligible for cochlear implantation, primarily due to anatomical constraints.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We describe our technique for the implantation of a paediatric ABI. Surgical steps include post auricular incision, the creation of a periosteal flap, subperiosteal pocket and bony recess for the device, retrosigmoid craniotomy, placement of the electrodes adjacent to the cochlear nucleus and multi-layer closure. We highlight novel technical modifications to reduce the risk of complications and optimise outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Paediatric auditory brainstem implants offer the possibility of sound awareness to patients with profound hearing loss that would not benefit from cochlear implantation or other hearing aid solutions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-025-06762-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T22:24:18Z","timestamp":1768861458000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Paediatric auditory brainstem implant: How we do it"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"168","author":[{"given":"Peter John","family":"Kullar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Freeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Rutherford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Lloyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"O\u2019Driscoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lise","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerri","family":"Millward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Pathmanaban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"6762_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1159\/000363684","volume":"19","author":"L Colletti","year":"2014","unstructured":"Colletti L, Shannon RV, Colletti V (2014) The development of auditory perception in children following auditory brainstem implantation. Audiol Neuro-Otol 19(6):386","journal-title":"Audiol Neuro-Otol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6762_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1679891","volume":"80","author":"NL Deep","year":"2019","unstructured":"Deep NL, Choudhury B, Thomas Roland J (2019) Auditory brainstem implantation: an overview. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 80(2):203","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg B Skull Base"},{"issue":"1","key":"6762_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-019-01585-2","volume":"71","author":"SN Dutt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dutt SN, Kumar A (2019) The methodology and electro-physiological classification of pre-operative trans-tympanic electrically-evoked auditory brainstem response (TT-EABR). Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 71(1):1","journal-title":"Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"2 Pt 3","key":"6762_CR4","first-page":"117","volume":"91","author":"BJ Edgerton","year":"1982","unstructured":"Edgerton BJ, House WF, Hitselberger W (1982) Hearing by cochlear nucleus stimulation in humans. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl 91(2 Pt 3):117\u2013124","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl"},{"key":"6762_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-62630-1.00001-9","volume":"129","author":"JO Pickles","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pickles JO (2015) Auditory pathways: anatomy and physiology. Handb Clin Neurol 129:3\u201325","journal-title":"Handb Clin Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"6762_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2015.07.013","volume":"48","author":"SV Puram","year":"2015","unstructured":"Puram SV, Lee DJ (2015) Pediatric auditory brainstem implant surgery. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 48(6):1117\u20131148","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"3S","key":"6762_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2018.08.015","volume":"136","author":"S Raghunandhan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Raghunandhan S, Madhav K, Senthilvadivu A, Natarajan K, Kameswaran M (2019) Paediatric auditory brainstem implantation: the South Asian experience. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 136(3S):S9\u2013S14","journal-title":"Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"6762_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e318206fc1e","volume":"32","author":"L Sennaroglu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sennaroglu L, Colletti V, Manrique M et al (2011) Auditory brainstem implantation in children and non-neurofibromatosis type 2 patients: a consensus statement. Otol Neurotol 32(2):187\u2013191","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6762_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1007\/s40136-013-0016-7","volume":"1","author":"L Sennaroglu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sennaroglu L, Sennaroglu G, Atay G (2013) Auditory brainstem implantation in children. Curr Otorhinolaryngol Rep 1(2):80\u201391","journal-title":"Curr Otorhinolaryngol Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"6762_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0282261","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0282261","volume":"18","author":"S Veronese","year":"2023","unstructured":"Veronese S, Cambiaghi M, Tommasi N, Sbarbati A, Iii JJG (2023) Ten-year follow-up of auditory brainstem implants: from intra-operative electrical auditory brainstem responses to perceptual results. PLoS ONE 18(3):e0282261","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["Acta Neurochirurgica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00701-025-06762-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00701-025-06762-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00701-025-06762-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T18:02:55Z","timestamp":1768932175000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00701-025-06762-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["6762"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00701-025-06762-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0942-0940"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0942-0940","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This manuscript describes a surgical technique and does not report any new studies with human participants or animals. As such, formal approval from an institutional review board or ethics committee was not required. All procedures presented were carried out in accordance with institutional guidelines and with the ethical standards of the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patients for publication of anonymised clinical photographs and video.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interest"}}],"article-number":"16"}}