{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T15:24:39Z","timestamp":1789658679044,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Umea University","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05kb8h459","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Neurochir"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate longitudinal changes in pain catastrophizing following spinal cord stimulation (SCS) and to determine whether baseline pain catastrophizing was associated with patient-reported outcomes over two years after implantation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A retrospective cohort study using prospectively collected data from 58 patients undergoing SCS implantation. Pain catastrophizing was assessed using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), and pain intensity and multidimensional health outcomes were assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and PROMIS-29, respectively. The primary outcome was change in PCS from baseline. Analyses of PCS were restricted to patients with available baseline PCS data (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200938). PCS was assessed at baseline and at 3, 6, 12, and 24\u00a0months after SCS implantation. Changes from baseline were evaluated using paired t-tests. Associations between baseline PCS and post-implant outcomes were assessed using Spearmans rank correlation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among the 38 patients with baseline PCS data, mean PCS scores decreased from 24\u2009\u00b1\u200912 at baseline to 14.0\u2009\u00b1\u200911 at 24\u00a0months (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with reductions across all three PCS subgroups. Physical function, pain interference, pain intensity, fatigue, anxiety, depression, and participation in social roles also improved significantly during follow-up, whereas sleep disturbance showed no significant change. Baseline PCS was not correlated with most post-implant PROMIS-29 domains.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PCS decreased substantially and persistently following SCS implantation among patients with available baseline PCS data. Baseline PCS was not significantly associated with subsequent pain response or most patient-reported outcomes. PCS may represent a dynamic outcome measure that complements conventional pain-intensity assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-026-07033-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T19:55:59Z","timestamp":1789502159000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Longitudinal changes in pain catastrophizing and multidimensional health outcomes after passive-recharge burst spinal cord stimulation: a cohort study with follow-up to two years"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"168","author":[{"given":"Johan","family":"W\u00e4nman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakob","family":"\u00d6stman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedram","family":"Tabatabaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"7033_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2023.10.188","volume":"27","author":"F Bastiaens","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bastiaens F, van de Wijgert IH, Bronkhorst EM, van Roosendaal BWP, van Heteren EPZ, Gilligan C, Staats P, Wegener JT, van Hooff ML, Vissers KCP (2024) Factors predicting clinically relevant pain relief after spinal cord stimulation for patients with chronic low back and\/or leg pain: a systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression. 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Written informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all patients.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent for publication of the study was obtained from all patients.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The reporting of this observational study complies with the STROBE (Strengthening of Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) checklist.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Authors\u2019 information","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"PT is a co-founder of Patientkollen i Sverige AB, the company that developed the digital platform used for electronic data collection in this study. PT also has a consultancy agreement with Abbott Laboratories for lecturing and educational activities. The other authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"215"}}