{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T07:25:01Z","timestamp":1790061901300,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]],"date-time":"2008-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1207008000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neural Transm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-007-0833-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,3]],"date-time":"2008-04-03T10:13:13Z","timestamp":1207217593000},"page":"607-616","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Spasticity treatment with botulinum toxins"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"A. B.","family":"Ward","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"833_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2402","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.10.2402","volume":"31","author":"AMO Bakheit","year":"2000","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"833_CR2","volume-title":"Neurological rehabilitation \u2013 a working party report of the British Society of Rehabilitation Medicine and the Neurological Alliance","author":"MP Barnes","year":"1992"},{"key":"833_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.69.2.217","volume":"69","author":"BB Bhakta","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"833_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870090106","volume":"9","author":"GE Borodic","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"833_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011892","volume":"347","author":"A Brashear","year":"2002a","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"833_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.35474","volume":"83","author":"A Brashear","year":"2002b","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"833_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(1997)6+<1::AID-MUS1>3.0.CO;2-D","volume":"6","author":"MF Brin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"833_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.61.3.265","volume":"61","author":"P Burbaud","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"833_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-199611000-00013","volume":"75","author":"MK Childers","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"8 Suppl","key":"833_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2001.00040.x","volume":"5","author":"K Desloovere","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"13 Suppl","key":"833_CR11","first-page":"1","volume":"4","author":"JO Dolly","year":"2006","journal-title":"EurJ Neurol"},{"issue":"43 Suppl","key":"833_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S16","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.43.7s.4.x","volume":"1","author":"O Dolly","year":"2003","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"833_CR13","first-page":"45","volume-title":"Neurological physiotherapy: a problem solving approach","author":"S Edwards","year":"1996"},{"key":"833_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1097\/00002826-199706000-00002","volume":"3","author":"J Finsterer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Neuropharm"},{"issue":"10","key":"833_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000144349.95487.91","volume":"63","author":"MF Gordon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"19 Suppl","key":"833_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S120","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20065","volume":"8","author":"JM Gracies","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"30","key":"833_CR17","first-page":"438","volume":"42","author":"JM Gracies","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"833_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.68.6.707","volume":"68","author":"N Hyman","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"833_CR19","first-page":"79","volume-title":"Upper motor neuron syndrome and spasticity: clinical management and Neurophysiology","author":"GR Johnson","year":"2001"},{"key":"833_CR20","first-page":"485","volume-title":"Spasticity: disordered control","author":"JW Lance","year":"1980"},{"key":"833_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1097\/00004356-198112000-00001","volume":"4","author":"RC Lyle","year":"1981","journal-title":"Int J Rehabil Res"},{"key":"833_CR22","unstructured":"Mayer NH (2002) Clinicophysiologic concepts of spasticity and motor dysfunction in adults with an upper motoneuron lesion. In: Mayer NH, Simpson DM (eds) Spasticity: etiology, evaluation, management and the role of botulinum toxin. We Move, New York, pp 1\u201310"},{"issue":"7","key":"833_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/83.7.648","volume":"83","author":"PA Mortenson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"833_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1191\/026921599677595404","volume":"13","author":"AD Pandyan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"issue":"6","key":"833_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215502cr536oa","volume":"16","author":"AD Pandyan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"issue":"1381","key":"833_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1999.0377","volume":"354","author":"R Pellizzari","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phil Trans Royal Soc London Biol Sci"},{"key":"833_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(98)90068-5","volume":"79","author":"F Reiter","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"833_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.69.4.499","volume":"69","author":"D Richardson","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"833_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.46.5.1306","volume":"46","author":"DM Simpson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"833_CR30","unstructured":"Simpson DM (2008) Placebo-controlled double-blind trial of BOTOX\u00ae (botulinum toxin type A) versus Zanaflex\u00ae (tizanidine) for the treatment of upper limb spasticity. Personal communication"},{"key":"833_CR31","unstructured":"SPASM: A European Thematic Network to Develop Standardised Measures of Spasticity (2005) CREST \u2013 Centre for Rehabilitation and Engineering Studies, University of Newcastle, Stephenson Building, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K. Website available at: http:\/\/www.ncl.ac.uk\/spasm\/ . Accessed September 20, 2007"},{"key":"833_CR32","first-page":"143","volume":"91","author":"G Tardieu","year":"1954","journal-title":"Revue Neurologique"},{"key":"833_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1972.sp009891","volume":"224","author":"JC Tardieu","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"833_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1988.tb04720.x","volume":"30","author":"C Tardieu","year":"1988","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"833_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.2-2-128","volume":"2","author":"L Turner-Stokes","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"833_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215505cr827oa","volume":"19","author":"D Verplancke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"key":"833_CR37","volume-title":"Measurement in neurological rehabilitation","author":"DT Wade","year":"1992"},{"issue":"7","key":"833_CR38","first-page":"26","volume":"6","author":"AB Ward","year":"1999a","journal-title":"Brit J Ther Rehabil"},{"issue":"6 Suppl","key":"833_CR39","first-page":"S46","volume":"4","author":"AB Ward","year":"1999b","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"833_CR40","unstructured":"Ward AB, (2001) Working party report on the management of adult spasticity using botulinum toxin type A \u2013 a guide to clinical practice. Radius Healthcare, Byfleet"},{"issue":"9 Suppl","key":"833_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2002.0090s1048.x","volume":"1","author":"AB Ward","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"833_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1080\/16501970306112","volume":"35","author":"AB Ward","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"833_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.1.1.18","volume":"1","author":"R Wartenburg","year":"1951","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"833_CR44","first-page":"512","volume":"44","author":"RR Young","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neurology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neural Transmission"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00702-007-0833-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00702-007-0833-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00702-007-0833-2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,3]],"date-time":"2020-05-03T18:37:39Z","timestamp":1588531059000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00702-007-0833-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]}},"alternative-id":["833"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00702-007-0833-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-9564","1435-1463"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-9564","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-1463","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]}}}