{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:22:26Z","timestamp":1791228146508,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,24]],"date-time":"2011-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1303603200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neural Transm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-011-0650-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,23]],"date-time":"2011-04-23T13:39:19Z","timestamp":1303565959000},"page":"1349-1358","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Cognitive function and cholinergic transmission in patients with subcortical vascular dementia and microbleeds: a TMS study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Nardone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierpaolo","family":"De Blasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Seidl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"H\u00f6ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Caleri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frediano","family":"Tezzon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunther","family":"Ladurner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Golaszewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugen","family":"Trinka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"650_CR1","first-page":"308","volume":"59","author":"RT Bartus","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bartus RT (2000) On neurodegenerative diseases, models, and treatment strategies: lessons learned and lesson forgotten a generation following the cholinergic hypothesis. Exp Neurol 59:308\u2013313","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"650_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-009-1723-7","volume":"194","author":"R Bikmullina","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bikmullina R, Kici\u0107 D, Carlson S, Nikulin VV (2009) Electrophysiological correlates of short-latency afferent inhibition: a combined EEG and TMS study. Exp Brain Res 194(4):517\u2013526","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"650_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.60.12.1745","volume":"60","author":"NI Bohnen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bohnen NI, Kaufer DI, Ivanco LS, Lopresti B, Koeppe RA, Davis JG, Mathis CA, Moore RY, DeKosky ST (2003) Cortical cholinergic function is more severely affected in Parkinsonian dementia than in Alzheimer disease: a in vivo positron emission tomography study. Arch Neurol 60:1745\u20131748","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"650_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-005-0971-0","volume":"53","author":"NI Bohnen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bohnen NI, Kaufer DI, Hendrickson R, Ivanco LS, Lopresti BJ, Constantine GM, Mathis CA, Davis JG, Moore RY, Dekosky ST (2006) Cognitive correlates of cortical cholinergic denervation in Parkinson\u2019s disease and Parkinsonian dementia. J Neurol 53:242\u2013247","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"650_CR6","first-page":"1821","volume":"17","author":"S Chan","year":"1996","unstructured":"Chan S, Kartha K, Yoon SS, Desmond DW, Hilal SK (1996) Multifocal hypointense cerebral lesions on gradient-echo MR are associated with chronic hypertension. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 17:1821\u20131827","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"650_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq321","volume":"134","author":"C Cordonnier","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cordonnier C, van der Flier WM (2011) Brain microbleeds and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: innocent observation or key player. Brain 134(Pt 2):335\u2013344","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"650_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000210535.20297.ae","volume":"66","author":"C Cordonnier","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cordonnier C, van der Flier WM, Sluimer JD, Leys D, Barkhof F, Scheltens P (2006) Prevalence and severity of microbleeds in a memory clinic setting. Neurology 66:1356\u20131360","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"650_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210000543","volume":"135","author":"V Di Lazzaro","year":"2000","unstructured":"Di Lazzaro V, Oliviero A, Profice P, Pennisi MA, Di Giovanni S, Zito G, Tonali P, Rothwell JC (2000) Muscarinic receptor blockade has differential effects on the excitability of intracortical circuits in the human motor cortex. Exp Brain Res 135:455\u2013461","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"650_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.59.3.392","volume":"59","author":"V Di Lazzaro","year":"2002","unstructured":"Di Lazzaro V, Oliviero A, Tonali PA, Marra C, Daniele A, Profice P, Saturno E, Pilato F, Masullo C, Rothwell JC (2002) Noninvasive in vivo assessment of cholinergic cortical circuits in AD using transcranial magnetic stimulation. Neurology 59:392\u2013397","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"650_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2003.10.009","volume":"115","author":"V Di Lazzaro","year":"2004","unstructured":"Di Lazzaro V, Oliviero A, Pilato F, Saturno E, Dileone M, Mazzone P, Insola A, Tonali PA, Rothwell JC (2004a) The physiological basis of transcranial motor cortex stimulation in conscious humans. Clin Neurophysiol 115:255\u2013266","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"650_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2003.018127","volume":"75","author":"V Di Lazzaro","year":"2004","unstructured":"Di Lazzaro V, Oliviero A, Pilato F, Saturno E, Dileone M, Marra C, Daniele A, Ghirlanda S, Gainotti G, Tonali PA (2004b) Motor cortex excitability to transcranial magnetic stimulation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 75:555\u2013559","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"650_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2004.051334","volume":"76","author":"V Di Lazzaro","year":"2005","unstructured":"Di Lazzaro V, Oliviero A, Pilato F, Saturno E, Dileone M, Marra C, Ghirlanda S, Ranieri F, Gainotti G, Tonali (2005a) Neurophysiological predictors of long term response to AChE inhibitors in AD patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 76:1064\u20131069","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"650_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.061747","volume":"564","author":"V Di Lazzaro","year":"2005","unstructured":"Di Lazzaro V, Oliviero A, Saturno E, Dileone M, Pilato F, Nardone R, Ranieri F, Musumeci G, Fiorilla T, Tonali P (2005b) Effects of lorazepam on short latency afferent inhibition and short latency intracortical inhibition in humans. J Physiol 564:661\u2013668","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"650_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2005.092155","volume":"569","author":"V Di Lazzaro","year":"2005","unstructured":"Di Lazzaro V, Pilato F, Dileone M, Tonali PA, Ziemann U (2005c) Dissociated effects of diazepam and lorazepam on short-latency afferent inhibition. J Physiol 569:315\u2013323","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"650_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000204183.26231.23","volume":"66","author":"V Di Lazzaro","year":"2006","unstructured":"Di Lazzaro V, Pilato F, Dileone M, Saturno E, Oliviero A, Marra C, Daniele A, Ranieri F, Gainotti G, Tonali (2006) In vivo cholinergic circuit evaluation in frontotemporal and Alzheimer dementias. Neurology 66:1111\u20131113","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"650_CR17","first-page":"422","volume":"37","author":"V Di Lazzaro","year":"2007","unstructured":"Di Lazzaro V, Pilato F, Dileone M, Saturno E, Profice P, Marra C, Daniele A, Ranieri F, Quaranta D, Gainotti G, Tonali PA (2007) Functional evaluation of cerebral cortex in dementia with Lewy bodies. Clin Neurophysiol 37:422\u2013429","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"650_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2008.08.010","volume":"119","author":"V Di Lazzaro","year":"2008","unstructured":"Di Lazzaro V, Pilato F, Dileone M, Profice P, Marra C, Ranieri F, Quaranta D, Gainotti G, Tonali PA (2008) In vivo functional evaluation of central cholinergic circuits in vascular dementia. Clin Neurophysiol 119(11):2494\u20132500","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"650_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Erkinjuntti T, Inzitari D, Pantoni L, Wallin A, Scheltens P, Rockwood K, Roman GC, Chui H, Desmond DW (2000) Research criteria for subcortical vascular dementia in clinical trials. J Neural Transm Suppl 59:23\u201330 (review)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-6781-6_4"},{"key":"650_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fazekas F, Chawluk JB, Alavi A, Hurtig HI, Zimmerman RA (1987) MR signal abnormalities at 1.5 T in Alzheimer\u2019s dementia and normal aging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 149:351\u2013356","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.149.2.351"},{"key":"650_CR21","first-page":"637","volume":"20","author":"F Fazekas","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fazekas F, Kleinert R, Roob G, Kleinert G, Kapeller P, Schmidt R, Hartung HP (1999) Histopathologic analysis of foci of signal loss on gradient-echo T2*-weighted MR images in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: evidence of microangiopathy-related microbleeds. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 20:637\u2013642","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"650_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","volume":"12","author":"MF Folstein","year":"1975","unstructured":"Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR (1975) \u201cMini-mental state\u201d: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 12:189\u2013198","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"650_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.07.005","volume":"405","author":"M Fujiki","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fujiki M, Hikawa T, Abe T, Ishii K, Kobayashi H (2006) Reduced short latency afferent inhibition in diffuse axonal injury patients with memory impairment. Neurosci Lett 405:226\u2013230","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"650_CR24","first-page":"163","volume":"5","author":"CG Gottfries","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gottfries CG, Blennow K, Karlsson I, Wallin A (1994) The neurochemistry of vascular dementia. Dementia 5(3\u20134):163\u2013167","journal-title":"Dementia"},{"key":"650_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(03)00121-6","volume":"340","author":"H Hanyu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hanyu H, Tanaka Y, Shimizu S, Takasaki M, Fujita H, Kaneko N, Yamamoto Y, Harada M (2003) Cerebral microbleeds in Binswanger\u2019s disease: a gradient-echo T2*-weighted magnetic resonance imaging study. Neurosci Lett 340:213\u2013216","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"650_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S115","DOI":"10.1097\/00002093-199912003-00017","volume":"13","author":"RN Kalaria","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kalaria RN, Ballard K (1999) Overlap between pathology of Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia. Alzheimer Dis Relat Disord 13:S115\u2013S123","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis Relat Disord"},{"key":"650_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(97)00028-2","volume":"52","author":"P Kasa","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kasa P, Rakonczay Z, Gulya K (1997) The cholinergic system in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Prog Neurobiol 52:511\u2013535","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"650_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000018012.65108.86","volume":"33","author":"H Kato","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kato H, Izumiyama M, Izumiyama K, Takahashi A, Itoyama Y (2002) Silent cerebral microbleeds on T2*-weighted MRI. Correlation with stroke subtype, stroke recurrence, and leukoaraiosis. Stroke 33:1536\u20131540","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"650_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(94)90131-7","volume":"40","author":"J Kimura","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kimura J, Daube J, Burke D, Hallett M, Cruccu G, Ongerboer de Visser BW, Yanagisawa N, Shimamura M, Rothwell J (1994) Human reflexes and late responses. Report of an IFCN committee. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 40:393\u2013403","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"650_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-483X(00)00312-7","volume":"153","author":"S Kimura","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kimura S, Saito H, Minami M, Togashi H, Nakamura N, Nemoto M, Parvez HS (2000) Pathogenesis of vascular dementia in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Toxicology 153(1\u20133):167\u2013178","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"650_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000194266.55694.1e","volume":"66","author":"HC Koennecke","year":"2006","unstructured":"Koennecke HC (2006) Cerebral microbleeds on MRI: prevalence, associations, and potential clinical implications. Neurology 66:165\u2013171","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"650_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1993.sp019912","volume":"471","author":"T Kujirai","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kujirai T, Caramia MD, Rothwell JC, Day BL, Thompson PD, Ferbert A, Wroe S, Asselman P, Marsden CD (1993) Corticocortical inhibition in human motor cortex. J Physiol 471:501\u2013519","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"650_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410440313","volume":"44","author":"VI Kwa","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kwa VI, Franke CL, Verbeeten B Jr, Stam J (1998) Silent intracerebral microhemorrhages in patients with ischemic stroke. Ann Neurol 44:372\u2013377","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"650_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000257968.24015.bf","volume":"38","author":"MK Liem","year":"2007","unstructured":"Liem MK, van ders Grond J, Haan J, van den Boom R, Ferrari MD, Knaap YM, Breuning MH, van Buchem MA, Middelkoop HA, Lesnik Oberstein SA (2007) Lacunar infarcts are the main correlate with cognitive dysfunction in CADASIL. Stroke 38(3):923\u2013928","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"650_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2007.10.011","volume":"119","author":"F Manganelli","year":"2008","unstructured":"Manganelli F, Ragno M, Cacchio G, Iodice V, Trojano L, Silvaggio F, Scarcella M, Grazioli M, Santoro L, Perretti A (2008) Motor cortex cholinergic dysfunction in CADASIL: a transcranial magnetic demonstration. Clin Neurophysiol 119:351\u2013355","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"650_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0404.2000.00305.x","volume":"176","author":"C Martin-Ruiz","year":"2000","unstructured":"Martin-Ruiz C, Court J, Lee M, Piggott M, Johnson M, Ballard C, Kalaria R, Perry R, Perry E (2000) Nicotinic receptors in dementia of Alzheimer, Lewy body and vascular types. Acta Neurol Scand Suppl 176:34\u201341","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand Suppl"},{"issue":"10","key":"650_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2009.60","volume":"34","author":"A Martorana","year":"2009","unstructured":"Martorana A, Mori F, Esposito Z, Kusayanagi H, Monteleone F, Codec\u00e0 C, Sancesario G, Bernardi G, Koch G (2009) Dopamine modulates cholinergic cortical excitability in Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients. Neuropsychopharmacology 34(10):1328\u20132323","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"7","key":"650_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000055927.22611.EB","volume":"60","author":"M Mesulam","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mesulam M, Siddique T, Cohen B (2003) Cholinergic denervation in pure multi-infarct state: observations in CADASIL. Neurology 60(7):1183\u20131185","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"650_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-007-0003-6","volume":"115","author":"R Nardone","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nardone R, Bergmann J, Tezzon F, Ladurner G, Golaszewski S (2008) Cholinergic dysfunction in subcortical ischaemic vascular dementia: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study. J Neural Transm 115(5):737\u2013743","journal-title":"J Neural Transm"},{"key":"650_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2004.045963","volume":"76","author":"M O\u2019Sullivan","year":"2005","unstructured":"O\u2019Sullivan M, Morris RG, Markus HS (2005) Brief cognitive assessment for patients with cerebral small vessel disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 76:1140\u20131145","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"650_CR41","first-page":"573","volume":"17","author":"H Offenbacher","year":"1996","unstructured":"Offenbacher H, Fazekas F, Schmidt R, Koch M, Fazekas G, Kapeller P (1996) MR of cerebral abnormalities concomitant with primary intracerebral hematomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 17:573\u2013578","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"650_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.1998.0460s1001.x","volume":"46","author":"SL Rogers","year":"1998","unstructured":"Rogers SL, Friedhoff LT (1998) Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of donezepil HCl following single oral doses. Br J Clin Pharmacol 46:1\u20136","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"650_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2665","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.11.2665","volume":"31","author":"G Roob","year":"2000","unstructured":"Roob G, Lechner A, Schmidt R, Flooh E, Hartung H-P, Fazekas F (2000) Frequency and location of microbleeds in patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 31:2665\u20132669","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"650_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(94)90029-9","volume":"91","author":"PM Rossini","year":"1994","unstructured":"Rossini PM, Barker T, Berardelli A, Caramia MD, Caruso G, Cracco RQ, Dimitrijevic MR, Hallett M, Katayama Y, Lucking CH, Maertens de Noordhout AL, Marsden CD, Murray NMF, Rothwell JC, Swash M, Tomberg C (1994) Non invasive electrical and magnetic stimulation of the brain, spinal cord and roots: basic principles and procedures for routine clinical application: report of IFCN committee. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 91:79\u201392","journal-title":"Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"650_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sailer A, Molnar GF, Paradiso G, Gunrai CA, Lang AE, Chen R (2003) Short and long latency afferent inhibition in parkinson's disease. Brain 126(Pt 8):1883\u20131894","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awg183"},{"issue":"Pt 12","key":"650_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.12.2249","volume":"121","author":"NR Selden","year":"1998","unstructured":"Selden NR, Gitelman DR, Salamon-Murayama N, Parrish TB, Mesulam MM (1998) Trajectories of cholinergic pathways within the cerebral hemispheres of the human brain. Brain 121(Pt 12):2249\u20132257","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"1","key":"650_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1053\/jscd.2003.5","volume":"12","author":"RH Swartz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Swartz RH, Sahlas DJ, Black SE (2003) Strategic involvement of cholinergic pathways and executive dysfunction: does location of white matter signal hyperintensities matter? J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 12(1):29\u201336","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"650_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.8.1637","volume":"30","author":"A Tanaka","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tanaka A, Ueno Y, Nakayama Y, Takano K, Takebayashi S (1999) Small chronic hemorrhages and ischemic lesions in association with spontaneous intracerebral hematomas. Stroke 30:1637\u20131642","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"1","key":"650_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(94)90854-0","volume":"166","author":"H Togashi","year":"1994","unstructured":"Togashi H, Matsumoto M, Yoshioka M, Hirokami M, Minami M, Saito H (1994) Neurochemical profiles in cerebrospinal fluid of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Neurosci Lett 166(1):117\u2013120","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"650_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00503.x","volume":"523","author":"H Tokimura","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tokimura H, Di Lazzaro V, Tokimura Y, Oliviero A, Profice P, Insola A, Mazzone P, Tonali P, Rothwell JC (2000) Short latency inhibition of human hand motor cortex by somatosensory input from the hand. J Physiol 523:503\u2013513","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"650_CR50","first-page":"88","volume":"24","author":"Y Tsushima","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tsushima Y, Aoki J, Endo K (2003) Brain microhemorrhages detected on T2*-weighted gradient-echo MR images. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 24:88\u201396","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"650_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/59.11.931","volume":"59","author":"HV Vinters","year":"2000","unstructured":"Vinters HV, Ellis WG, Zarow C, Zaias BW, Jagust WJ, Mack WJ, Chui HC (2000) Neuropathological substrates of ischemic vascular dementia. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 59:931\u2013945","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"650_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000199847.96188.12","volume":"37","author":"A Viswanathan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Viswanathan A, Chabriat H (2006) Cerebral microhemorrhage. Stroke 37:550\u2013555","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"Pt 10","key":"650_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh253","volume":"127","author":"DJ Werring","year":"2004","unstructured":"Werring DJ, Frazer DW, Coward LJ, Losseff NA, Watt H, Cipolotti L, Brown MM, Jaeger HR (2004) Cognitive dysfunction in patients with cerebral microbleeds on T2*-weighted gradient-echo MRI. Brain 127(Pt 10):2265\u20132275","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"6","key":"650_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.106.477315","volume":"38","author":"S Won Seo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Won Seo S, Hwa Lee B, Kim EJ, Chin J, Sun Cho Y, Yoon U, Na DL (2007) Clinical significance of microbleeds in subcortical vascular dementia. Stroke 38(6):1949\u20131951","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"12","key":"650_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3323","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.516112","volume":"39","author":"Y Yakushiji","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yakushiji Y, Nishiyama M, Yakushiji S, Hirotsu T, Uchino A, Nakajima J, Eriguchi M, Nanri Y, Hara M, Horikawa E, Kuroda Y (2008) Brain microbleeds and global function in adults without neurological disorders. Stroke 39(12):3323\u20133328","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"650_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2004.03.006","volume":"115","author":"U Ziemann","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ziemann U (2004) TMS and drugs. Clin Neurophysiol 115:1717\u20131729","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neural Transmission"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00702-011-0650-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00702-011-0650-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00702-011-0650-5","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]],"date-time":"2019-06-10T07:20:02Z","timestamp":1560151202000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00702-011-0650-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,24]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]}},"alternative-id":["650"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00702-011-0650-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-9564","1435-1463"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-9564","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-1463","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,24]]}}}