{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,12]],"date-time":"2026-11-12T22:28:29Z","timestamp":1794522509623,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,3]],"date-time":"2011-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1322870400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neural Transm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-011-0739-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,3]],"date-time":"2011-12-03T14:40:51Z","timestamp":1322923251000},"page":"621-626","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Involvement of immunologic and biochemical mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Tourette\u2019s syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Yuval Eliahu","family":"Landau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamar","family":"Steinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Richmand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James Frederick","family":"Leckman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Apter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"739_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2010.12.003","volume":"25","author":"NG Bos-Veneman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bos-Veneman NG, Olieman R, Tobiasova Z, Hoekstra PJ, Katsovitch L, Bothwell AL et al (2010) Altered immunoglobulin profiles in children with Tourette syndrome. Brain Behav Immun 25:532\u2013538","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"739_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852900022501","volume":"7","author":"C Budman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Budman C, Sarcevic A (2002) An unusual case of motor and vocal tics with obsessive\u2013compulsive symptoms in a young adult with Behcet\u2019s syndrome. CNS Spectr 7:878\u2013881","journal-title":"CNS Spectr"},{"key":"739_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2006.10.001","volume":"21","author":"JW Crayton","year":"2007","unstructured":"Crayton JW, Walsh WJ (2007) Elevated serum copper levels in women with a history of post-partum depression. J Trace Elements Med Biol 21:17\u201321","journal-title":"J Trace Elements Med Biol"},{"key":"739_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(96)00203-1","volume":"143","author":"MA Deibel","year":"1996","unstructured":"Deibel MA, Ehmann WD, Markesbery WR (1996) Copper, iron, and zinc imbalances in severely degenerated brain regions in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: possible relation to oxidative stress. J Neurol Sci 143:137\u2013142","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"739_CR5","first-page":"119","volume":"55","author":"I Finegold","year":"1985","unstructured":"Finegold I (1985) Allergy and Tourette\u2019s syndrome. Ann Allergy 55:119\u2013121","journal-title":"Ann Allergy"},{"key":"739_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.163.7.1264","volume":"163","author":"DA Gorman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gorman DA, Zhu H, Anderson GM, Davies M, Peterson BS (2006) Ferritin levels and their association with regional brain volumes in Tourette\u2019s syndrome. Am J Psych 163:1264\u20131272","journal-title":"Am J Psych"},{"key":"739_CR7","first-page":"311","volume-title":"Advances in neurology. Tourette syndrome","author":"CS Hamilton","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hamilton CS, Garvey MA, Swedo SE (2001) Therapeutic implications of immunology for tics and obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder. In: Cohen DJ, Jankovic J, Goetz CG (eds) Advances in neurology. Tourette syndrome, vol 85. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia, pp 311\u2013318"},{"key":"739_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e768","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2010.01009.x","volume":"21","author":"MY Hsieh","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hsieh MY, Lee WI, Lin KL, Hung PC, Chou ML, Chang MY et al (2010) Immunologic analysis and serum heavy metal levels in exacerbated Tourette syndrome. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 21:e768\u2013e771","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"739_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2007.01.005","volume":"167","author":"M Hultberg","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hultberg M, Isaksson A, Andersson A, Hultberg B (2007) Traces of copper ions deplete glutathione in human hepatoma cell cultures with low cysteine content. Chem Biol Interact 167:56\u201362","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"key":"739_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra010032","volume":"345","author":"J Jankovic","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jankovic J (2001) Tourette\u2019s syndrome. NEJM 345:1184\u20131192","journal-title":"NEJM"},{"key":"739_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.92.1.39","volume":"92","author":"LS Kiessling","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kiessling LS, Marcotte AC, Culpepper L (1993) Antineuronal antibodies in movement disorders. Pediatrics 92:39\u201343","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"739_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2332","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1007805","volume":"363","author":"R Kurlan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kurlan R (2010) Tourette\u2019s syndrome. NEJM 363:2332\u20132338","journal-title":"NEJM"},{"key":"739_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4159\/9780674039865","volume-title":"A cursing brain? The histories of Tourette syndrome","author":"HI Kushner","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kushner HI (1999a) A cursing brain? The histories of Tourette syndrome. Harvard University Press, Cambridge"},{"key":"739_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852900011354","volume":"4","author":"HI Kushner","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kushner HI (1999b) From Gilles de la Tourette\u2019s disease to Tourette syndrome: a history. CNS Spectr 4:24\u201335","journal-title":"CNS Spectr"},{"key":"739_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11526-1","volume":"360","author":"JF Leckman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Leckman JF (2002) Tourette\u2019s syndrome. Lancet 360:1577\u20131586","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"739_CR16","first-page":"369","volume-title":"Advances in neurology. Tourette syndrome","author":"JF Leckman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Leckman JF, Cohen DJ, Goetz CG, Jankovic J (2001) Tourette syndrome: pieces of the puzzle. In: Cohen DJ, Jankovic J, Goetz CG (eds) Advances in neurology. Tourette syndrome, vol 85. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia, pp 369\u2013390"},{"key":"739_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22504","volume":"24","author":"D Martino","year":"2009","unstructured":"Martino D, Dale RC, Gilbert DL, Giovannoni G, Leckman JF (2009) Immunopathogenic mechanisms in Tourette syndrome: a critical review. Mov Disord 24:1267\u20131279","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"739_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200101)49:1<138::AID-ANA27>3.0.CO;2-E","volume":"49","author":"T Mezaki","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mezaki T, Matsumoto S, Hamada C, Mukoyama I, Sakamoto T, Mizutani K et al (2001) Decreased serum ceruloplasmin and copper levels in cervical dystonia. Ann Neurol 49:138\u2013139","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"739_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2008.05676.x","volume":"24","author":"AM Morselli-Labate","year":"2009","unstructured":"Morselli-Labate AM, Pezzilli R (2009) Usefulness of serum IgG4 in the diagnosis and follow up of autoimmune pancreatitis: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 24:15\u201336","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"739_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2010.0043","volume":"20","author":"TK Murphy","year":"2010","unstructured":"Murphy TK, Kurlan R, Leckman J (2010) The immunobiology of Tourette\u2019s disorder, pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with Streptococcus, and related disorders: a way forward. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 20:317\u2013331","journal-title":"J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"739_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2007.00278.x","volume":"34","author":"RA Najim","year":"2007","unstructured":"Najim RA, Sharquie KE, Abu-Raghif AR (2007) Oxidative stress in patients with Behcet\u2019s disease: I correlation with severity and clinical parameters. J Dermatol 34:308\u2013314","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"739_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2003.12.005","volume":"219","author":"N Nomoto","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nomoto N (2004) Inhibitory effect of free radical scavenger, MCI-186, in the increase of hydroxyl radical induced by iminodipropionitrile in rats. J Neurol Sci 219:41\u201344","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"739_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)12297-3","volume":"354","author":"SJ Perlmutter","year":"1999","unstructured":"Perlmutter SJ, Leitman SF, Garvey MA, Hamburger S, Feldman E, Leonard HL et al (1999) Therapeutic plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin for obsessive-compulsive disorder and tic disorders in childhood. Lancet 354:1153\u20131158","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"739_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4927(94)90015-9","volume":"55","author":"BS Peterson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Peterson BS, Gore JC, Riddle MA, Cohen DJ, Leckman JF (1994) Abnormal magnetic resonance imaging T2 relaxation time asymmetries in Tourette\u2019s syndrome. Psych Res Neuroimag 55:205\u2013221","journal-title":"Psych Res Neuroimag"},{"key":"739_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(87)90006-0","volume":"22","author":"M Robertson","year":"1987","unstructured":"Robertson M, Evans K, Robinson A, Trimble M, Lascelles P (1987) Abnormalities of copper in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Biol Psychiatry 22:968\u2013978","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"739_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2006-9S334","volume":"9","author":"MA Smith","year":"2006","unstructured":"Smith MA (2006) Oxidative stress and iron imbalance in Alzheimer disease: how rust became the fuss! J Alzheimers Dis 9:305\u2013308","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"739_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1097\/chi.0b013e318068fbcc","volume":"46","author":"JE Swain","year":"2007","unstructured":"Swain JE, Scahill L, Lombroso PJ, King RA, Leckman JF (2007) Tourette syndrome and tic disorders: a decade of progress. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 46:947\u2013968","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"739_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.71.6.780","volume":"71","author":"A Tagawa","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tagawa A, Ono S, Shibata M, Imai T, Suzuki M, Shimizu N (2001) A new neurological entity manifesting as involuntary movements and dysarthria with possible abnormal copper metabolism. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 71:780\u2013783","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"739_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2010.05.003","volume":"9","author":"H Takahashi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Takahashi H, Yamamoto M, Suzuki C, Naishiro Y, Shinomura Y, Imai K (2010) The birthday of a new syndrome: IgG4-related diseases constitute a clinical entity. Autoimmun Rev 9:591\u2013594","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"739_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-006-0513-x","volume":"26","author":"S Taysi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Taysi S, Demircan B, Akdeniz N, Atasoy M, Sari RA (2007) Oxidant\/antioxidant status in men with Behcet\u2019s disease. Clin Rheumatol 26:418\u2013422","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"739_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2005.034876","volume":"59","author":"PJ Twomey","year":"2006","unstructured":"Twomey PJ, Viljoen A, House I, Reynolds T, Wierzbicki A (2006) Adjusting copper concentrations for caeruloplasmin in routine clinical practice. J Clin Pathol 59:867\u2013869","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"739_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4364","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M603712200","volume":"282","author":"N Yamamoto","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yamamoto N, Sawada H, Izumi Y, Kume T, Katsuki H, Shimohama S et al (2007) Proteasome inhibition induces glutathione synthesis and protects cells from oxidative stress: relevance to Parkinson disease. J Biol Chem 282:4364\u20134372","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"739_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.63.8.1161","volume":"63","author":"Y Yao","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yao Y, Walsh WJ, McGinnis WR, Pratico D (2006) Altered vascular phenotype in autism: correlation with oxidative stress. Arch Neurol 63:1161\u20131164","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"739_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)62478-9","volume":"166","author":"Z Zhou","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zhou Z, Wang L, Song Z, Saari JT, McClain CJ, Kang YJ (2005) Zinc supplementation prevents alcoholic liver injury in mice through attenuation of oxidative stress. Am J Pathol 166:1681\u20131690","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"739_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2007.01.039","volume":"257","author":"X Zhu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zhu X, Smith MA, Honda K, Aliev G, Moreira PI, Nunomura A et al (2007) Vascular oxidative stress in Alzheimer disease. J Neurol Sci 257:240\u2013246","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neural Transmission"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00702-011-0739-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00702-011-0739-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00702-011-0739-x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,11]],"date-time":"2023-06-11T11:33:18Z","timestamp":1686483198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00702-011-0739-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,3]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]}},"alternative-id":["739"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00702-011-0739-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-9564","1435-1463"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-9564","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-1463","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,3]]}}}