{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T21:54:20Z","timestamp":1790200460741,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]],"date-time":"2021-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626652800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]],"date-time":"2021-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004061","name":"Oesterreichische Nationalbank","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["13240"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13240"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Kepler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Linz"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neural Transm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies on caregiver burden in patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration are rare, differ methodologically and show variable results. Single center longitudinal\u00a0pilot study\u00a0on\u00a0caregiver burden and potential risk factors in patients with behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and semantic (svPPA) and non-fluent variants (nfvPPA) primary progressive aphasia. Forty-six bvFTD, nine svPPA, and six nfvPPA patients and caring relatives were analysed for up to 2 years using the Mini-Mental State Examination as global measure for cognitive performance, Frontal Assessment Battery (frontal lobe functions), Frontal Behavioural Inventory (personality and behaviour), Neuropsychiatric Inventory (dementia-related neuropsychiatric symptoms), Barthel Index and Lawton IADL Scale (basic and instrumental activities of daily living), the Caregiver Strain Index (CSI), and in most participants also the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). CSI baseline sum scores were highest in bvFTD (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD 5.5\u2009\u00b1\u20093.4, median 5, IQR 6), intermediate in svPPA (2.9\u2009\u00b1\u20092.3; 3; 3.5) and low in nfvPPA (1.6\u2009\u00b1\u20092.1; 1; 2). Similar differences of caregiver burden were found using the ZBI. During follow-up, CSI and ZBI sum scores deteriorated in svPPA, not in bvFTD and nfvPPA, and correlated significantly with personality and behaviour, neuropsychiatric symptoms, caregiver age, and instrumental, but not basic activities of daily living, Mini-Mental State Examination scores or\u00a0frontal lobe functions. This study reveals differences in caregiver burden in variants of frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Caregivers should be systematically asked for caregiver burden from the time of the diagnosis to provide comprehensive support in time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-021-02378-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]],"date-time":"2021-07-19T19:02:26Z","timestamp":1626721346000},"page":"1623-1634","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Caregiver burden in patients with behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia and non-fluent variant and semantic variant primary progressive aphasia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"128","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Guger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Raschbacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Kellermair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milan R.","family":"Vosko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Eggers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Forstner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Leitner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franz","family":"Fellner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9982-1420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerhard","family":"Ransmayr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"2378_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1017\/S104161021800159X","volume":"31","author":"LM Besser","year":"2019","unstructured":"Besser LM, Galvin JE (2019) Perceived burden among caregivers of patients with frontotemporal degeneration in the United States. Int Psychogeriatr 31(8):1191\u20131201","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"2378_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12902","volume":"23","author":"S Bisenius","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bisenius S, Neumann J, Schroeter ML (2016) Validating new diagnostic imaging criteria for primary progressive aphasia via anatomical likelihood estimation meta-analyses. Eur J Neurol 23(4):704\u2013712","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2378_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2015.07.019","volume":"36","author":"B Borroni","year":"2015","unstructured":"Borroni B, Cosseddu M, Pilotto A, Premi E, Archetti S, Gasparotti R, Cappa S, Padovani A (2015) Early stage of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia: clinical and neuroimaging correlates. Neurobiol Aging 36(11):3108\u20133115","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"2","key":"2378_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1159\/000341784","volume":"34","author":"C Boutoleau-Bretonni\u00e8re","year":"2012","unstructured":"Boutoleau-Bretonni\u00e8re C, Lebouvier T, Volteau C, Jaulin P, Lacomblez L, Damier P, Thomas-Anterion C, Vercelletto M (2012) Prospective evaluation of behavioral scales in the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 34(2):75\u201382","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"2378_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2012-111916","volume":"31","author":"TW Chow","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chow TW, Fridhandler JD, Binns MA, Lee A, Merrilees J, Rosen HJ, Ketelle R, Miller BL (2012) Trajectories of behavioral disturbance in dementia. J Alzheimers Dis 31(1):143\u2013149","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl 6","key":"2378_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.5_Suppl_6.10S","volume":"48","author":"JL Cummings","year":"1997","unstructured":"Cummings JL (1997) The Neuropsychiatric Inventory: assessing psychopathology in dementia patients. Neurology 48(Suppl 6):S10\u2013S16","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2378_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988713498467","volume":"26","author":"J Diehl-Schmid","year":"2013","unstructured":"Diehl-Schmid J, Schmidt EM, Nunnemann S, Riedl L, Kurz A, F\u00f6rstl H, Wagenpfeil S, Cramer B (2013) Caregiver burden and needs in frontotemporal dementia. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 26(4):221\u2013229","journal-title":"J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2378_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.11.1621","volume":"55","author":"B Dubois","year":"2000","unstructured":"Dubois B, Slachevsky A, Litvan I, Pillon B (2000) The FAB: a frontal assessment battery at bedside. Neurology 55(11):1621\u20131626","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2378_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","volume":"12","author":"MF Folstein","year":"1975","unstructured":"Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR (1975) \u201cMini-mental state\u201d. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 12(3):189\u2013198","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"2378_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-101215","volume":"22","author":"J Garre-Olmo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Garre-Olmo J, L\u00f3pez-Pousa S, Vilalta-Franch J, de Gracia BM, Vilarrasa AB (2010) Grouping and trajectories of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: part II: two-year patient trajectories. J Alzheimers Dis 22:1169\u20131180","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"2378_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31821103e6","volume":"76","author":"ML Gorno-Tempini","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gorno-Tempini ML, Hillis AE, Weintraub S, Kertesz A, Mendez M, Cappa SF, Ogar JM, Rohrer JD, Black S, Boeve BF, Manes F, Dronkers NF, Vandenberghe R, Rascovsky K, Patterson K, Miller BL, Knopman DS, Hodges JR, Mesulam MM, Grossman M (2011) Classification of primary progressive aphasia and its variants. Neurology 76(11):1006\u20131014","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"7","key":"2378_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2016.03.004","volume":"17","author":"D Gr\u00fcn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gr\u00fcn D, Pieri V, Vaillant M, Diederich NJ (2016) Contributory factors to caregiver burden in Parkinson disease. J Am Med Dir Assoc 17(7):626\u2013632","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"issue":"3","key":"2378_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-150475","volume":"49","author":"S Hsieh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hsieh S, Leyton CE, Caga J, Flanagan E, Kaizik C, O\u2019Connor CM, Kiernan MC, Hodges JR, Piguet O, Mioshi E (2016) The evolution of caregiver burden in frontotemporal dementia with and without amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Alzheimers Dis 49(3):875\u2013885","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"2378_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160852","volume":"56","author":"C Kaizik","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kaizik C, Caga J, Camino J, O\u2019Connor CM, McKinnon C, Oyebode JR, Piguet O, Hodges JR, Mioshi E (2017) Factors underpinning caregiver burden in frontotemporal dementia differ in spouses and their children. J Alzheimers Dis 56(3):1109\u20131117","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"2378_CR15","first-page":"1","volume":"15","author":"T Karnatz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Karnatz T, Monsees J, Wucherer D, Michalowsky B, Zwingmann I, Halek M, Hoffmann W, Thyrian JR (2019) Burden of caregivers of patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration\u2014a scoping review. Int Psychogeriatr 15:1\u201321","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2378_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100021053","volume":"24","author":"A Kertesz","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kertesz A, Davidson W, Fox H (1997) Frontal behavioral inventory: diagnostic criteria for frontal lobe dementia. Can J Neurol Sci 24(1):29\u201336","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2378_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1159\/000487851","volume":"8","author":"A Koyama","year":"2018","unstructured":"Koyama A, Hashimoto M, Fukuhara R, Ichimi N, Takasaki A, Matsushita M, Ishikawa T, Tanaka H, Miyagawa Y, Ikeda M (2018) Caregiver burden in semantic dementia with right- and left-sided predominant cerebral atrophy and in behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra. 8(1):128\u2013137","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra."},{"issue":"1","key":"2378_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-016-0219-5","volume":"8","author":"R Landin-Romero","year":"2016","unstructured":"Landin-Romero R, Tan R, Hodges JR, Kumfor F (2016) An update on semantic dementia: genetics, imaging, and pathology. Alzheimers Res Ther 8(1):52","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"2378_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/9.3_Part_1.179","volume":"9","author":"MP Lawton","year":"1969","unstructured":"Lawton MP, Brody EM (1969) Assessment of older people: self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living. Gerontol Autumn 9(3):179\u2013186","journal-title":"Gerontol Autumn"},{"issue":"1","key":"2378_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-020-00753-9","volume":"13","author":"M Leroy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Leroy M, Bertoux M, Skrobala E, Mode E, Adnet-Bonte C, Le Ber I, Bombois S, Cassagnaud P, Chen Y, Deramecourt V, Lebert F, Mackowiak MA, Sillaire AR, Wathelet M, Pasquier F, Lebouvier T (2021) Characteristics and progression of patients with frontotemporal dementia in a regional memory clinic network. Alzheimers Res Ther. 13(1):19","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther."},{"issue":"6","key":"2378_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2016.1146871","volume":"21","author":"S Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu S, Jin Y, Shi Z, Huo YR, Guan Y, Liu M, Liu S, Ji Y (2017) The effects of behavioral and psychological symptoms on caregiver burden in frontotemporal dementia, Lewy body dementia, and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: clinical experience in China. Aging Ment Health 21(6):651\u2013657","journal-title":"Aging Ment Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"2378_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610217002630","volume":"30","author":"S Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu S, Liu J, Wang XD, Shi Z, Zhou Y, Li J, Yu T, Ji Y (2018) Caregiver burden, sleep quality, depression, and anxiety in dementia caregivers: a comparison of frontotemporal lobar degeneration, dementia with Lewy bodies, and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Int Psychogeriatr 30(8):1131\u20131138","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"key":"2378_CR23","first-page":"61","volume":"14","author":"FI Mahoney","year":"1965","unstructured":"Mahoney FI, Barthel DW (1965) Functional evaluation: The Barthel Index. Md State Med J 14:61\u201365","journal-title":"Md State Med J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2378_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0b013e318247a0bc","volume":"27","author":"E Mioshi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mioshi E, Foxe D, Leslie F, Savage S, Hsieh S, Miller L, Hodges JR, Piguet O (2013) The impact of dementia severity on caregiver burden in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 27(1):68\u201373","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"2378_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.6.1546","volume":"51","author":"D Neary","year":"1998","unstructured":"Neary D, Snowden JS, Gustafson L, Passant U, Stuss D, Black S, Freedman M, Kertesz A, Robert PH, Albert M, Boone K, Miller BL, Cummings J, Benson DF (1998) Frontotemporal lobar degeneration: a consensus on clinical diagnostic criteria. Neurology 51(6):1546\u20131554","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2378_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.2165\/11533100-000000000-00000","volume":"24","author":"GD Rabinovici","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rabinovici GD, Miller BL (2010) Frontotemporal lobar degeneration: epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. CNS Drugs 24(5):375\u2013398","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"9","key":"2378_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1120-8567","volume":"88","author":"G Ransmayr","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ransmayr G (2020) Belastungen in der Betreuung von Parkinson-Patientinnen und\u2014Patienten [Caregiver burden in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 88(9):567\u2013572","journal-title":"Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2378_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170657","volume":"63","author":"G Ransmayr","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ransmayr G, Hermann P, Sallinger K, Benke T, Seiler S, Dal-Bianco P, Marksteiner J, Defrancesco M, Sanin G, Struhal W, Guger M, Vosko M, Hagenauer K, Lehner R, Futschik A, Schmidt R (2018) Caregiving and caregiver burden in dementia home care: results from the Prospective Dementia Registry (PRODEM) of the Austrian Alzheimer Society. J Alzheimers Dis 63(1):103\u2013114","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"Pt 9","key":"2378_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2456","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr179","volume":"134","author":"K Rascovsky","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rascovsky K, Hodges JR, Knopman D, Mendez MF, Kramer JH, Neuhaus J, van Swieten JC, Seelaar H, Dopper EG, Onyike CU, Hillis AE, Josephs KA, Boeve BF, Kertesz A, Seeley WW, Rankin KP, Johnson JK, Gorno-Tempini ML, Rosen H, Prioleau-Latham CE, Lee A, Kipps CM, Lillo P, Piguet O, Rohrer JD, Rossor MN, Warren JD, Fox NC, Galasko D, Salmon DP, Black SE, Mesulam M, Weintraub S, Dickerson BC, Diehl-Schmid J, Pasquier F, Deramecourt V, Lebert F, Pijnenburg Y, Chow TW, Manes F, Grafman J, Cappa SF, Freedman M, Grossman M, Miller BL (2011) Sensitivity of revised diagnostic criteria for the behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia. Brain 134(Pt 9):2456\u20132477","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2378_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2018.07.014","volume":"104","author":"LM Reus","year":"2018","unstructured":"Reus LM, Vijverberg EG, Tijms BM, Kate MT, Gossink F, Krudop WA, Campo MD, Teunissen CE, Barkhof F, van der Flier WM, Visser PJ, Dols A, Pijnenburg YA (2018) Disease trajectories in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia, primary psychiatric and other neurodegenerative disorders presenting with behavioural change. J Psychiatr Res 104:183\u2013191","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"2378_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1159\/000164276","volume":"26","author":"S Riedijk","year":"2008","unstructured":"Riedijk S, Duivenvoorden H, Rosso S, Van Swieten J, Niermeijer M, Tibben A (2008) Frontotemporal dementia: change of familial caregiver burden and partner relation in a Dutch cohort of 63 patients. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 26(5):398\u2013406","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"2378_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/38.3.344","volume":"38","author":"BC Robinson","year":"1983","unstructured":"Robinson BC (1983) Validation of a Caregiver Strain Index. J Gerontol 38(3):344\u2013348","journal-title":"J Gerontol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2378_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afi063","volume":"34","author":"A Sainsbury","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sainsbury A, Seebass G, Bansal A, Young JB (2005) Reliability of the Barthel Index when used with older people. Age Ageing 34(3):228\u2013232","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"2","key":"2378_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1159\/000357774","volume":"4","author":"NS Schmid","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schmid NS, Ehrensperger MM, Berres M, Beck IR, Monsch AU (2014) The extension of the German CERAD neuropsychological assessment battery with tests assessing subcortical, executive and frontal functions improves accuracy in dementia diagnosis. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra 4(2):322\u2013334","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra"},{"issue":"8","key":"2378_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1166(199908)14:8<651::AID-GPS992>3.0.CO;2-B","volume":"14","author":"J Schneider","year":"1999","unstructured":"Schneider J, Murray J, Banerjee S, Mann A (1999) Eurocare: a cross-national study of the co-resident spouse carers for people with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: I-Factors associated with carer burden. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 14(8):651\u2013661","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"2378_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1080\/13607860500312142","volume":"10","author":"AS Schreiner","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schreiner AS, Morimoto T, Arai Y, Zarit S (2006) Assessing family caregiver\u2019s mental health using a statistically derived cut-off score for the Zarit burden interview. Aging Ment Health 10(2):107\u2013111","journal-title":"Aging Ment Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2378_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.155838","volume":"80","author":"SA Sikkes","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sikkes SA, de Lange-de Klerk ES, Pijnenburg YA, Scheltens P, Uitdehaag BM (2009) A systematic review of instrumental activities of daily living scales in dementia: room for improvement. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 80(1):7\u201312","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"2378_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2018.02.012","volume":"103","author":"G Toller","year":"2018","unstructured":"Toller G, Brown J, Sollberger M, Shdo SM, Bouvet L, Sukhanov P, Seeley WW, Miller BL, Rankin KP (2018) Individual differences in socioemotional sensitivity are an index of salience network function. Cortex 103:211\u2013223","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"issue":"1","key":"2378_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0000000000000344","volume":"34","author":"MJ Wynn","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wynn MJ, Carpenter BD (2020) Frontotemporal Dementia Knowledge Scale: development and preliminary psychometric properties. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 34(1):59\u201365","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"2378_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/20.6.649","volume":"20","author":"SH Zarit","year":"1980","unstructured":"Zarit SH, Reever KE, Bach-Peterson J (1980) Relatives of the impaired elderly: correlates of feelings of burden. Gerontologist 20(6):649\u2013655","journal-title":"Gerontologist"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neural Transmission"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00702-021-02378-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00702-021-02378-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00702-021-02378-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T18:43:29Z","timestamp":1634755409000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00702-021-02378-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["2378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00702-021-02378-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-9564","1435-1463"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-9564","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-1463","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 May 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 July 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Michael Guger received support and honoraria for research, consultation, lectures and education from Almirall, Bayer, Biogen, Celgene, Genzyme, MedDay, Merck, Novartis, Octapharma, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Shire and TEVA ratiopharm. Stefan Raschbacher declares no conflict of interest. Lukas Kellermair received support and honoraria for research, consultation, lectures and education from Abbvie and Pfizer. Milan Vosko received research and grant support from \u00d6sterr. Forschungsf\u00f6rderungsgesellschaft, Fresenius, European Community\u2014Marie-Curie Individual Fellowship Program, COST\u2014Program 18118; and honoraria for research, consultation, lectures from Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, BMS, Ever Neuro Pharma, Novartis, Pfizer. Christian Eggers declares to have no conflict of interest. Thomas Forstner declares no conflict of interest. Karin Leitner declares no conflict of interest. Alexandra Fuchs declares no conflict of interest. Franz Fellner declares no conflict of interest. Gerhard Ransmayr received support and honoraria for research, consultation, lectures and education from Abbvie, Alpine Market Research, \u00d6sterr. Forschungsf\u00f6rderungsgesellschaft, Gr\u00fcnenthal, MedAhead, Novartis, Ratiopharm, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Stada and UCB.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the local ethical review board (Ethikkommission des Landes Ober\u00f6sterreich; FTLA Study, Protocol No. 254).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patients and their caring family members.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}