{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T11:11:53Z","timestamp":1788865913086,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neural Transm"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-026-03285-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T10:52:26Z","timestamp":1788864746000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mapping the peripheral sensory dimension of dystonia: a five-axis analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0200-1835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anish","family":"Mehta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thyagarajan","family":"Shivashanmugam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michiko K.","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shermyn","family":"Neo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis C. S.","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roongroj","family":"Bhidayasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kailash P.","family":"Bhatia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pramod Kumar","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"3285_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10327","volume":"18","author":"G Abbruzzese","year":"2003","unstructured":"Abbruzzese G, Berardelli A (2003) Sensorimotor integration in movement disorders. Mov Disord 18:231\u2013240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.10327","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"3285_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410440520","volume":"44","author":"W Bara-Jimenez","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bara-Jimenez W, Catalan MJ, Hallett M, Gerloff C (1998) Abnormal somatosensory homunculus in dystonia of the hand. Ann Neurol 44:828\u2013831. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.410440520","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"3285_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/116.4.843","volume":"116","author":"KP Bhatia","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bhatia KP, Bhatt MH, Marsden CD (1993) The causalgia-dystonia syndrome. Brain 116:843\u2013851. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/116.4.843","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"3285_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22889","volume":"25","author":"D Bradley","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bradley D, Whelan R, Molloy F et al (2010) Comparing endophenotypes in adult-onset primary torsion dystonia. Mov Disord 25:84\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.22889","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"3285_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10416","volume":"18","author":"S Butterworth","year":"2003","unstructured":"Butterworth S, Francis S, Kelly E, McGlone F, Bowtell R, Sawle GV (2003) Abnormal cortical sensory activation in dystonia: an fMRI study. Mov Disord 18:673\u2013682. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.10416","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"3285_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870090210","volume":"9","author":"F Carella","year":"1996","unstructured":"Carella F, Ciano C, Musicco M, Scaioli V (1996) Exteroceptive reflexes in dystonia: a study of the recovery cycle of the R2 component of the blink reflex and of the exteroceptive suppression of the masseter muscle activity in patients with cranial-cervical dystonia. Mov Disord 9:422\u2013429. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.870090210","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"3285_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000008911","volume":"94","author":"TJ Counihan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Counihan TJ, Martino D (2020) Sensory tricks: more than a gesture in untwisting dystonia? Neurology 94:243\u2013244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000008911","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"3285_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-405210-9.00003-5","volume":"300","author":"A Ferrier","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ferrier A, Boyer JG, Kothary R (2013) Cellular and molecular biology of neuronal dystonin. Int Rev Cell Mol Biol 300:85\u2013120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-405210-9.00003-5","journal-title":"Int Rev Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"3285_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2013.12.062","volume":"125","author":"P Filip","year":"2014","unstructured":"Filip P, Sumec R, Bares M (2014) Sensorimotor characteristics of the geste antagoniste in cervical dystonia revealed by the manipulation of the contributing sensory modalities. Clin Neurophysiol 125:1038\u20131045. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinph.2013.12.062","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"3285_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl283","volume":"130","author":"M Fiorio","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fiorio M, Gambarin M, Valente EM et al (2007) Defective temporal processing of sensory stimuli in DYT1 mutation carriers: a new endophenotype of dystonia. Brain 130:134\u2013142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awl283","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"3285_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.55.9.1233","volume":"55","author":"E G\u00f3mez-Wong","year":"1998","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Wong E, Mart\u00ed MJ, Tolosa E, Valls-Sol\u00e9 J (1998) Sensory modulation of the blink reflex in patients with blepharospasm. Arch Neurol 55:1233\u20131237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archneur.55.9.1233","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"3285_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2006.12.025","volume":"204","author":"K Grundmann","year":"2007","unstructured":"Grundmann K, Reischmann B, Vanhoutte G et al (2007) Overexpression of human wildtype torsinA and human DeltaE torsinA in a transgenic mouse model causes ultrastructural brain abnormalities. Exp Neurol 204:607\u2013621. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.expneurol.2006.12.025","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"3285_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2008.10.005","volume":"277","author":"DJ Irwin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Irwin DJ, Revuelta GJ, Lippa CF (2009) Clinical improvement of a focal dystonia following lidocaine infusion with electrophysiological and clinical correlation. J Neurol Sci 277:170\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jns.2008.10.005","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"3285_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8257(200101)16:1<7","volume":"16","author":"J Jankovic","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jankovic J (2001) Can peripheral trauma induce dystonia and other movement disorders? Yes! Mov Disord 16:7\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/1531-8257(200101)16:1%3C7:AID-MDS1017>3.0.CO;2-T","journal-title":"Yes! Mov Disord"},{"key":"3285_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2372","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1999.82.5.2372","volume":"82","author":"FA Lenz","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lenz FA, Jaeger CJ, Seike MS et al (1999) Thalamic single neuron activity in patients with dystonia: dystonia-related activity and somatic sensory reorganization. J Neurophysiol 82:2372\u20132392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.1999.82.5.2372","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"3285_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn083","volume":"131","author":"X Liu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Liu X, Wang S, Yianni J et al (2008) The sensory and motor representation of synchronized oscillations in the globus pallidus in patients with primary dystonia. Brain 131:1562\u20131573. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awn083","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"3285_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21149","volume":"22","author":"SE Lo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lo SE, Gelb M, Frucht SJ (2007) Geste antagonistes in idiopathic lower cranial dystonia. Mov Disord 22:1012\u20131017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.21149","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"3285_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.12.1789","volume":"55","author":"C Lorenzano","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lorenzano C, Priori A, Curr\u00e0 A, Gilio F, Manfredi M, Berardelli A (2000) Impaired EMG inhibition elicited by tendon stimulation in dystonia. Neurology 55:1789\u20131793. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.55.12.1789","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"3285_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.14802\/jmd.18053","volume":"12","author":"D Lorenzano","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lorenzano D, Tansley S, Ezra DG (2019) Sensory trick frames: a new device for blepharospasm patients. J Mov Disord 12:22\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14802\/jmd.18053","journal-title":"J Mov Disord"},{"key":"3285_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21508","volume":"22","author":"MN McDonnell","year":"2007","unstructured":"McDonnell MN, Thompson PD, Ridding MC (2007) The effect of cutaneous input on intracortical inhibition in focal task-specific dystonia. Mov Disord 22:1286\u20131292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.21508","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"3285_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1234","volume":"50","author":"S Meunier","year":"2001","unstructured":"Meunier S, Garnero L, Ducorps A et al (2001) Human brain mapping in dystonia reveals both endophenotypic traits and adaptive reorganization. Ann Neurol 50:521\u2013527. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.1234","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"3285_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200003)47:3<322::AID-ANA7>3.0.CO;2-E","volume":"47","author":"M Naumann","year":"2000","unstructured":"Naumann M, Magyar-Lehmann S, Reiners K, Erbguth F, Leenders KL (2000) Sensory tricks in cervical dystonia: perceptual dysbalance of parietal cortex modulates frontal motor programming. Ann Neurol 47:322\u2013328","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"3285_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307316","volume":"85","author":"N Patel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Patel N, Hanfelt J, Marsh L, Jankovic J, Members of the Dystonia Coalition (2014) Alleviating manoeuvres (sensory tricks) in cervical dystonia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 85:882\u2013884. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307316","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"3285_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2697","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl181","volume":"129","author":"M Peller","year":"2006","unstructured":"Peller M, Zeuner KE, Munchau A et al (2006) The basal ganglia are hyperactive during the discrimination of tactile stimuli in writer\u2019s cramp. Brain 129:2697\u20132708. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awl181","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"3285_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.8.1794","volume":"53","author":"S Rome","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rome S, Gr\u00fcnewald RA (1999) Abnormal perception of vibration-induced illusion of movement in dystonia. Neurology 53:1794\u20131800. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.53.8.1794","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"3285_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-019-09683-5","volume":"267","author":"E Sarasso","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sarasso E, Agosta F, Piramide N et al (2020) Sensory trick phenomenon in cervical dystonia: a functional MRI study. J Neurol 267:1103\u20131115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-019-09683-5","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"3285_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22929","volume":"25","author":"A Schramm","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schramm A, Classen J, Reiners K, Naumann M (2010) Characteristics of sensory trick-like manoeuvres in jaw-opening dystonia. Mov Disord 25:430\u2013433. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.22929","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"3285_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.170142","volume":"80","author":"A Scontrini","year":"2009","unstructured":"Scontrini A, Conte A, Defazio G et al (2009) Somatosensory temporal discrimination in patients with primary focal dystonia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 80:1315\u20131319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.2008.170142","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"3285_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2719","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf279","volume":"125","author":"S Tamburin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tamburin S, Manganotti P, Marzi CA, Fiaschi A, Zanette G (2002) Abnormal somatotopic arrangement of sensorimotor interactions in dystonic patients. Brain 125:2719\u20132730. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awf279","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"3285_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.1.42","volume":"123","author":"M Tinazzi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tinazzi M, Priori A, Bertolasi L, Frasson E, Mauguiere F, Fiaschi A (2000) Abnormal central integration of a dual somatosensory input in dystonia. Evidence for sensory overflow. Brain 123:42\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/123.1.42","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"3285_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20808","volume":"21","author":"C Trompetto","year":"2006","unstructured":"Trompetto C, Curr\u00e0 A, Buccolieri A, Suppa A, Abbruzzese G, Berardelli A (2006) Botulinum toxin changes intrafusal feedback in dystonia: a study with the tonic vibration reflex. Mov Disord 21:777\u2013782. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.20808","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"3285_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2010.232579","volume":"82","author":"DE van Rooijen","year":"2011","unstructured":"van Rooijen DE, Geraedts EJ, Marinus J, Jankovic J, van Hilten JJ (2011) Peripheral trauma and movement disorders: a systematic review of reported cases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 82:892\u2013898. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.2010.232579","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"3285_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e24539","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024539","volume":"6","author":"F Yokoi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yokoi F, Dang MT, Li J, Standaert DG, Li Y (2011) Motor deficits and decreased striatal dopamine receptor 2 binding activity in the striatum-specific Dyt1 conditional knockout mice. PLoS ONE 6:e24539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0024539","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3285_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10174","volume":"51","author":"KE Zeuner","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zeuner KE, Bara-Jimenez W, Noguchi PS, Goldstein SR, Dambrosia JM, Hallett M (2002) Sensory training for patients with focal hand dystonia. Ann Neurol 51:593\u2013598. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.10174","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"3285_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.079","volume":"21","author":"J Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang J, Weinrich JAP, Russ JB et al (2017) A role for dystonia-associated genes in spinal GABAergic interneuron circuitry. Cell Rep 21:666\u2013678. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.079","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"3285_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.04.053","volume":"155","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Xiao J, Ueda M et al (2008) Glial elements contribute to stress-induced torsinA expression in the CNS and peripheral nervous system. Neuroscience 155:439\u2013453. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.04.053","journal-title":"Neuroscience"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neural Transmission"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00702-026-03285-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00702-026-03285-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00702-026-03285-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T10:52:27Z","timestamp":1788864747000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00702-026-03285-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["3285"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00702-026-03285-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-9564","1435-1463"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-9564","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-1463","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 July 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable. This is a review article that did not involve any new studies of human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate\/consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}