{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T23:07:59Z","timestamp":1785452879219,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741824000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"DAHD","award":["K-11053(5313)\/21\/2019-LH (E-14082)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K-11053(5313)\/21\/2019-LH (E-14082)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-025-06254-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T09:15:54Z","timestamp":1741857354000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Molecular insights from 2023 and 2024 outbreaks reveal exclusive circulation of peste des petits ruminants virus lineage IV in India"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"Asha","family":"Anand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swathi","family":"Mahadevappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rakshit","family":"Ojha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Archana","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shweta","family":"Priya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annett Helcita","family":"Dsouza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prajakta Prashant","family":"Bokade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirubakaran Vinod","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Divakar","family":"Hemadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baldev Raj","family":"Gulati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7821-7427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinayagamurthy","family":"Balamurugan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"6254_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.3390\/v13030480","volume":"13","author":"V Balamurugan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Balamurugan V, Vinod Kumar K, Dheeraj R, Kurli R, Suresh KP, Govindaraj G, Shome BR, Roy P (2021) Temporal and Spatial Epidemiological Analysis of Peste des Petits Ruminants Outbreaks from the Past 25 Years in Sheep and Goats and Its Control in India. Viruses 13(3):480","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"3","key":"6254_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.3390\/v16030333","volume":"16","author":"V Balamurugan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Balamurugan V, Ojha R, Kumar KV, Asha A, Ashraf S, Dsouza AH, Pal A, Bokade PP, Harshitha SK, Deshpande R, Swathi M, Suresh KP, Govindaraj G, Hasnadka SP, ChandraSekar S, Hemadri D, Guha A, Felix N, Parida S, Gulati BR (2024) Post-Vaccination Sero-Monitoring of Peste des Petits Ruminants in Sheep and Goats in Karnataka: Progress towards PPR Eradication in India. Viruses 16(3):333","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"6254_CR3","unstructured":"Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Animal and Plant Health Agency (2024) Preliminary outbreak assessment for Peste des Petits Ruminants in Greece and Romania https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/media\/66ba2f94ce1fd0da7b59365a\/PPR_in_Europe_August_2024__3_FINAL.pdf. Accessed October 2024"},{"key":"6254_CR4","volume-title":"Preliminary outbreak assessment for Peste des Petits Ruminants in Bulgaria","author":"Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Animal and Plant Health Agency","year":"2018","unstructured":"Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Animal and Plant Health Agency (2018) Preliminary outbreak assessment for Peste des Petits Ruminants in Bulgaria. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, London, United Kingdom"},{"issue":"8","key":"6254_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2493","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-017-3311-7","volume":"162","author":"GK Amarasinghe","year":"2017","unstructured":"Amarasinghe GK, Bao Y, Basler CF, Bavari S, Beer M, Bejerman N, Blasdell KR, Bochnowski A, Briese T, Bukreyev A, Calisher CH, Chandran K, Collins PL, Dietzgen RG, Dolnik O, Durrwald R, Dye JM, Easton AJ, Ebihara H, Fang Q et al (2017) Taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales. Arch Virol 162(8):2493\u20132504","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6254_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s13337-013-0188-2","volume":"25","author":"V Balamurugan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Balamurugan V, Hemadri D, Gajendragad MR, Singh RK, Rahman H (2014) Diagnosis and control of peste des petits ruminants: a comprehensive review. Virusdisease 25(1):39\u201356","journal-title":"Virusdisease"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"6254_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2015.08.009","volume":"181","author":"S Parida","year":"2015","unstructured":"Parida S, Muniraju M, Mahapatra M, Muthuchelvan D, Buczkowski H, Banyard AC (2015) Peste des petits ruminants. Vet Microbiol 181(1\u20132):90\u2013106","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"6254_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-020-04732-1","volume":"165","author":"WG Dundon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dundon WG, Diallo A, Cattoli G (2020) Peste des petits ruminants in Africa: A review of currently available molecular epidemiological data. Arch Virol 165:2147\u20132163","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"key":"6254_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.17582\/journal.bjv\/2016.3.3s.77.85","volume":"3","author":"GN Govindaraj","year":"2016","unstructured":"Govindaraj GN, Balamurugan V, Rahman H (2016) Estimation of economic Loss of PPR in sheep and goats in India: An annual incidence-based analysis. Br J Virol 3:77\u201385","journal-title":"Br J Virol"},{"key":"6254_CR10","unstructured":"OIE FAO (2015) Manual on global strategy for the control and eradication of Pesti des petits ruminants. pp (http:\/\/www.fao.org\/3\/a-i4460e.pdf)"},{"key":"6254_CR11","unstructured":"WOAH FAO (2022) Overview of the Plan of Action Peste des Petits. Ruminants Global Eradication Programme II & III"},{"key":"6254_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.17582\/journal.bjv\/2016.3.3s.53.62","volume":"3","author":"V Balamurugan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Balamurugan V, Govindraj G, Rahman H (2016) Planning, implementation of peste des petits ruminants control programme and strategies adopted for disease control in India. Br J Virol 3:53\u201362","journal-title":"Br J Virol"},{"issue":"4","key":"6254_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1007\/s13337-020-00630-x","volume":"31","author":"V Balamurugan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Balamurugan V, Varghese B, Muthuchelvan D, SowjanyaKumari S, Kumar KV, Dheeraj R, Govindaraj G, Suresh KP, Hemadri D, Roy P (2020) Towards eradication of peste des petits ruminants: post-vaccination evaluation in sheep and goats in Southern Peninsular India. Virusdisease 31(4):539\u2013548","journal-title":"Virusdisease"},{"issue":"4","key":"6254_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s13337-015-0281-9","volume":"26","author":"RP Singh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Singh RP, Bandyopadhyay SK (2015) Peste des petits ruminants vaccine and vaccination in India: sharing experience with disease endemic countries. Virusdisease 26(4):215\u2013224","journal-title":"Virusdisease"},{"key":"6254_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2003.07.007","volume":"98","author":"RP Singh","year":"2004","unstructured":"Singh RP, Sreenivasa BP, Dhar P, Shah LC, Bandyopadhyay SK (2004) Development of a monoclonal antibody based competitive-ELISA for detection and titration of antibodies to peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus. Vet Microbiol 98:3\u201315","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"6254_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2022.113409","volume":"512","author":"V Balamurugan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Balamurugan V, Bokade PP, Kumar KV, SowjanyaKumari S, Nagalingam M, Hemadri D, Shome BR (2023) Comparative diagnostic efficacy of Avidin-Biotin recombinant nucleoprotein competitive ELISA for serosurveillance and monitoring of peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats. J Immunol Methods 512:113409","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"6254_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2021.114213","volume":"295","author":"V Balamurugan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Balamurugan V, Varghese B, SowjanyaKumari S, Vinod Kumar K, Muthuchelvan D, Nagalingam M, Hemadri D, Roy P, Shome BR (2021) Avidin-Biotin recombinant nucleoprotein competitive ELISA for the detection of peste des petits ruminants virus antibodies in sheep and goats. J Virol Methods 295:114213","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"key":"6254_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2021.114103","volume":"291","author":"V Balamurugan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Balamurugan V, Varghese B, Sowjanya Kumari S, Vinod Kumar K, Muthuchelvan D, Nagalingam M, Roy P (2021) Avidin-Biotin recombinant antigen capture ELISA for the detection of peste des petits ruminants virus in the clinical specimens of sheep and goats. J Virol Methods 291:114103","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"6254_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-0934(02)00186-6","volume":"107","author":"MA Forsyth","year":"2003","unstructured":"Forsyth MA, Satya Parida, Alexandersen S, Belsham GJ, Barrett T (2003) Rinderpest virus lineage differentiation using RT-PCR and SNAP-ELISA. J Virol Methods 107(1):29\u201336","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"6254_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-0934(01)00386-X","volume":"100","author":"E Couacy-Hymann","year":"2002","unstructured":"Couacy-Hymann E, Roger F, Hurard C, Guillou JP, Libeau G, Diallo A (2002) Rapid and sensitive detection of peste des petits ruminants virus by a polymerase chain reaction assay. J Virol Methods 100(1\u20132):17\u201325","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"issue":"6","key":"6254_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-010-9527-0","volume":"42","author":"V Balamurugan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Balamurugan V, Sen A, Venkatesan G, Yadav V, Bhanuprakash V, Singh RK (2010) Isolation and identification of virulent peste des petits ruminants viruses from PPR outbreaks in India. Trop Anim Health Prod 42(6):1043\u20131046","journal-title":"Trop Anim Health Prod"},{"key":"6254_CR22","volume-title":"Chap. 3.7.9. Peste des petits ruminants (infection with peste des petits ruminants virus","author":"OIE","year":"2019","unstructured":"OIE (2019) Chap. 3.7.9. Peste des petits ruminants (infection with peste des petits ruminants virus. In Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals; Office International des Epizooties, Paris, France"},{"key":"6254_CR23","unstructured":"WOAH (2021) CIRAD SOP\u2013 Serum Neutralization Test for the detection of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus (PPRV) antibodies"},{"issue":"7","key":"6254_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3022","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msab120","volume":"38","author":"K Tamura","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tamura K, Stecher G, Kumar S (2021) MEGA11: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 11. Mol Biol Evol 38(7):3022\u20133027","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6254_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0450.2004.00731.x","volume":"51","author":"EM Elzein","year":"2004","unstructured":"Elzein EM, Housawi FM, Bashareek Y, Gameel AA, Al-Afaleq AI, Anderson E (2004) Severe PPR infection in gazelles kept under semi-free-range conditions. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 51(2):68\u201371","journal-title":"J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"6254_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1702(96)01312-3","volume":"43","author":"MS Shaila","year":"1996","unstructured":"Shaila MS, Shamaki D, Forsyth MA, Diallo A, Goatley L, Kitching R, P, Barrett T (1996) Geographic distribution and epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants virus. Virus Res 43(2):149\u2013153","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"6254_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(02)00102-5","volume":"88","author":"P Dhar","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dhar P, Sreenivasa BP, Barrett T, Corteyn M, Singh RP, Bandyopadhyay SK (2002) Recent epidemiology of peste-des petits-ruminants virus. Vet Microbiol 88:153\u2013159","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"6254_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1865-1682.2010.01156.x","volume":"57","author":"V Balamurugan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Balamurugan V, Sen A, Venkatesan G, Yadav V, Bhanot V, Riyesh T, Bhanuprakash V, Singh RK (2010) Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the structural genes of virulent isolates and vaccine strains of peste des petits ruminants virus from India. Transbound Emerg Dis 57(5):352\u2013364","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis"},{"key":"6254_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-017-3288-2","volume":"162","author":"AR Sahu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sahu AR, Wani SA, Saminathan M, Rajak KK, Sahoo AP, Pandey A, Saxena S, Kanchan S, Tiwari AK, Mishra B, Muthuchelvan D, Singh RP, Singh Y, Baig M, Mishra BP, Singh RK, Gandham RK (2017) Genome sequencing of an Indian peste des petits ruminants virus isolate, Izatnagar\/94, and its implications for virus diversity, divergence and phylogeography. Arch Virol 162:1677\u20131693","journal-title":"Arch Virol"}],"container-title":["Archives of Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00705-025-06254-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00705-025-06254-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00705-025-06254-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]],"date-time":"2025-03-30T20:36:34Z","timestamp":1743366994000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00705-025-06254-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["6254"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00705-025-06254-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0304-8608","1432-8798"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0304-8608","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-8798","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This work was carried out as part of an Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBSC)-approved project (F.No.6\/52\/NIVEDI\/Biosafety\/2019\/10\/37). The serum samples from sheep and goats used in the study were collected by local veterinarians of the state animal husbandry department and submitted to ICAR-NIVEDI for PPRV detection. This study did not include any animal experiments. No ethical clearance is required for collecting small volumes of blood samples required for epidemiological studies or disease diagnosis, as per CPCSEA (Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals) guidelines. All samples were collected by well-trained veterinarians in accordance with national animal welfare regulations for disease diagnosis.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest relevant to the content of this manuscript.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"73"}}