{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T14:31:50Z","timestamp":1784730710586,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775952000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007797","name":"University of Helsinki","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007797","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Avian pathogenic\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    (APEC) infections are associated with major economic losses, cause perihepatitis, pericarditis, septicemia and even systemic infections in the poultry industry. APEC infections have usually been controlled by antibiotics, resulting in an increased prevalence of antibiotic-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Concerns have been increased that transfer of antibiotic-resistant APEC via the food chain may cause risks for extra-intestinal infection of humans related to zoonotic transfer and increased difficulties in the treatment of human infections caused APEC-related\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    types. With the occurrence of antibiotic resistance reaching a crisis point, it is important to find alternative treatments for multidrug-resistant infections. The use of phages to control pathogens is a promising therapeutic option for antibiotic replacing, therefore, novel phages specific for APEC were isolated in this study.\u00a0Phage fEgEco12 was isolated from the hospital sewage water sample during a search for candidates for phage therapy applications against APEC. The phage morphology was studied by transmission electron microscopy, and the host range was analyzed with a Bioscreen C analyser. The phage genomic DNA was isolated, sequenced and annotated. Phage stability, phage adsorption and one step growth curve experiments were carried out to characterize its biological properties.\u00a0Genomic analysis revealed that fEgEco12 is a lytic jumbo phage with genome size of 374,733\u00a0bp encoding 670 predicted genes. No genes associated with lysogeny, bacterial virulence, or antibiotic resistance were identified. The phage had myovirus morphology and a narrow host range. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that fEgEco12 and phage Ecwhy_1 belong to a new species in jumbo phage genus\n                    <jats:italic>Asteriusvirus<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\u00a0fEgEco12 is a novel jumbo bacteriophage that is considered safe for phage therapy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-026-06623-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T16:37:59Z","timestamp":1776011879000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Genomic analysis of jumbo coliphage fEgEco12"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"171","author":[{"given":"Shimaa","family":"Badawy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8791-9260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mikael","family":"Skurnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"6623_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tonini da Rocha D, De Oliveira Salle F, Apellanis Borges K, Quedi Furian T, Pinheiro do Nascimento V (2021) H. Luiz de Souza Moraes, and C. Tadeu Pippi Salle, Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) and uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC): characterization and comparison. J Infect Dev Ctries, 15(7): pp. 962\u2013971.","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.14217"},{"key":"6623_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cunha, M.P.V., A.B. Saidenberg, A.M. Moreno, A.J.P. Ferreira, M.A.M. Vieira, T.A.T. Gomes, and T. Knobl, Pandemic extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) clonal group O6-B2-ST73 as a cause of avian colibacillosis in Brazil. PLoS ONE, 2017. 12(6): p. e0178970. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0178970.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178970"},{"key":"6623_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saka, H.K., N.T. Dabo, B. Muhammad, S. Garcia-Soto, M. Ugarte-Ruiz, and J. Alvarez, Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Pathotypes From Children Younger Than 5 Years in Kano State, Nigeria. Front Public Health, 2019. 7: p. 348. 10.3389\/fpubh.2019.00348.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2019.00348"},{"key":"6623_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Logue, C.M., Y. Wannemuehler, B.A. Nicholson, C. Doetkott, N.L. Barbieri, and L.K. Nolan, Comparative Analysis of Phylogenetic Assignment of Human and Avian ExPEC and Fecal Commensal Escherichia coli Using the (Previous and Revised) Clermont Phylogenetic Typing Methods and its Impact on Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) Classification. Front. Microbiol., 2017. 8: p. 283. 10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00283.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00283"},{"key":"6623_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mobley, H.L. and C.J. Alteri, Development of a Vaccine against Escherichia coli Urinary Tract Infections. Pathogens, 2015. 5(1). 10.3390\/pathogens5010001.","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens5010001"},{"key":"6623_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Stella, A.E., M.C. Oliveira, V.L.D.S. Fontana, R.P. Maluta, C.A. Borges, and F.A. \u00c1vila, Characterization and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Escherichia coli isolated from feces of healthy broiler chickens. Arquivos do Instituto Biol\u00f3gico, 2016. 83. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1808-1657000392014.","DOI":"10.1590\/1808-1657000392014."},{"key":"6623_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramirez-Castillo, F.Y., A.C. Moreno-Flores, F.J. Avelar-Gonzalez, F. Marquez-Diaz, J. Harel, and A.L. Guerrero-Barrera, An evaluation of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates in urinary tract infections from Aguascalientes, Mexico: cross-sectional study. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob, 2018. 17(1): p. 34. 10.1186\/s12941-018-0286-5.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-018-0286-5"},{"key":"6623_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Oliveira, E.S., M.V. Cardozo, M.M. Borzi, C.A. Borges, E.A.L. Guastalli, and F.A. \u00c1vila, Highly pathogenic and multidrug resistant avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in free-range chickens from Brazil. Braz J Poult Sci, 2019. 21. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1806-9061-2018-0876.","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9061-2018-0876."},{"key":"6623_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kazibwe, G., P. Katami, R. Alinaitwe, S. Alafi, A. Nanteza, and J.L. Nakavuma, Bacteriophage activity against and characterisation of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from colibacillosis cases in Uganda. PLoS ONE, 2020. 15(12): p. e0239107. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0239107.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0239107"},{"key":"6623_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tang, Z., N. Tang, X. Wang, H. Ren, C. Zhang, L. Zou, L. Han, L. Guo, and W. Liu, Characterization of a lytic Escherichia coli phage CE1 and its potential use in therapy against avian pathogenic Escherichia coli infections. Front. Microbiol., 2023. 14: p. 1091442. 10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1091442.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1091442"},{"key":"6623_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith, K.R., E.W. Bumunang, J. Schlechte, M. Waldner, H. Anany, M. Walker, K. MacLean, K. Stanford, J.M. Fairbrother, T.W. Alexander, T.A. McAllister, M.F. Abdul-Careem, and Y.D. Niu, The Isolation and Characterization of Bacteriophages Infecting Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli O1, O2 and O78 Strains. Viruses, 2023. 15(10). 10.3390\/v15102095.","DOI":"10.3390\/v15102095"},{"key":"6623_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yao, L., Y. Bao, J. Hu, B. Zhang, Z. Wang, X. Wang, W. Guo, D. Wang, J. Qi, M. Tian, Y. Bao, H. Li, and S. Wang, A lytic phage to control multidrug-resistant avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) infection. Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol., 2023. 13: p. 1253815. 10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1253815.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1253815"},{"key":"6623_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suttle, C.A., Viruses in the sea. Nature, 2005. 437(7057): p. 356\u2009\u2212\u200961. 10.1038\/nature04160.","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04160"},{"key":"6623_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rohde, C., G. Resch, J.P. Pirnay, B.G. Blasdel, L. Debarbieux, D. Gelman, A. Gorski, R. Hazan, I. Huys, E. Kakabadze, M. Lobocka, A. Maestri, G.M.F. Almeida, K. Makalatia, D.J. Malik, I. Maslanova, M. Merabishvili, R. Pantucek, T. Rose, D. Stverakova, H. Van Raemdonck, G. Verbeken, and N. Chanishvili, Expert Opinion on Three Phage Therapy Related Topics: Bacterial Phage Resistance, Phage Training and Prophages in Bacterial Production Strains. Viruses, 2018. 10(4). 10.3390\/v10040178.","DOI":"10.3390\/v10040178"},{"key":"6623_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kortright, K.E., B.K. Chan, J.L. Koff, and P.E. Turner, Phage therapy: A renewed approach to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Cell host & microbe, 2019. 25(2): p. 219\u2013232. 10.1016\/j.chom.2019.01.014.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2019.01.014"},{"key":"6623_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao, T., X. Zhu, W. Wang, X. Jia, C. Guo, X. Wang, and Z. Hao, A novel lytic bacteriophage against colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from different animals. Virus Res., 2023. 329: p. 199090. 10.1016\/j.virusres.2023.199090.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2023.199090"},{"key":"6623_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Potera, C., Phage renaissance: new hope against antibiotic resistance. Environ Health Perspec, 2013. 121(2): p. a48-53. 10.1289\/ehp.121-a48.","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.121-a48"},{"key":"6623_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, Y., Q. Shao, M. Guo, L. Han, X. Zhao, A. Wang, X. Li, B. Wang, J.A. Pan, Z. Chen, A. Fokine, L. Sun, and Q. Fang, Capsid structure of bacteriophage PhiKZ provides insights into assembly and stabilization of jumbo phages. Nat. Commun., 2024. 15(1): p. 6551. 10.1038\/s41467-024-50811-1.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-50811-1"},{"key":"6623_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hua, J., A. Huet, C.A. Lopez, K. Toropova, W.H. Pope, R.L. Duda, R.W. Hendrix, and J.F. Conway, Capsids and Genomes of Jumbo-Sized Bacteriophages Reveal the Evolutionary Reach of the HK97 Fold. mBio, 2017. 8(5). 10.1128\/mBio.01579-17.","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01579-17"},{"key":"6623_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malone, L.M., S.L. Warring, S.A. Jackson, C. Warnecke, P.P. Gardner, L.F. Gumy, and P.C. Fineran, A jumbo phage that forms a nucleus-like structure evades CRISPR-Cas DNA targeting but is vulnerable to type III RNA-based immunity. Nat. Microbiol., 2020. 5(1): p. 48\u201355. 10.1038\/s41564-019-0612-5.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-019-0612-5"},{"key":"6623_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laughlin, T.G., A. Deep, A.M. Prichard, C. Seitz, Y. Gu, E. Enustun, S. Suslov, K. Khanna, E.A. Birkholz, E. Armbruster, J.A. McCammon, R.E. Amaro, J. Pogliano, K.D. Corbett, and E. Villa, Architecture and self-assembly of the jumbo bacteriophage nuclear shell. Nature, 2022. 608(7922): p. 429\u2013435. 10.1038\/s41586-022-05013-4.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05013-4"},{"key":"6623_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chaikeeratisak, V., K. Nguyen, K. Khanna, A.F. Brilot, M.L. Erb, J.K. Coker, A. Vavilina, G.L. Newton, R. Buschauer, K. Pogliano, E. Villa, D.A. Agard, and J. Pogliano, Assembly of a nucleus-like structure during viral replication in bacteria. Science, 2017. 355(6321): p. 194\u2013197. 10.1126\/science.aal2130.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aal2130"},{"key":"6623_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pires, D.P., D. Vilas Boas, S. Sillankorva, and J. Azeredo, Phage Therapy: a Step Forward in the Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections. J. Virol., 2015. 89(15): p. 7449-56. 10.1128\/JVI.00385\u2009\u2212\u200915.","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00385-15"},{"key":"6623_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krylov, V., M. Bourkaltseva, E. Pleteneva, O. Shaburova, S. Krylov, A. Karaulov, S. Zhavoronok, O. Svitich, and V. Zverev, Phage phiKZ-The First of Giants. Viruses, 2021. 13(2). 10.3390\/v13020149.","DOI":"10.3390\/v13020149"},{"key":"6623_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yuan, Y. and M. Gao, Jumbo Bacteriophages: An Overview. Front. Microbiol., 2017. 8: p. 403. 10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00403.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00403"},{"key":"6623_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Day, A., J. Ahn, and G.P.C. Salmond, Jumbo Bacteriophages Are Represented Within an Increasing Diversity of Environmental Viruses Infecting the Emerging Phytopathogen, Dickeya solani. Front. Microbiol., 2018. 9: p. 2169. 10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02169.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02169"},{"key":"6623_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ranta, K., M. Skurnik, and S. Kiljunen, fENko-Kae01 is a flagellum-specific jumbo phage infecting Klebsiella aerogenes. BMC Microbiol., 2024. 24(1): p. 234. 10.1186\/s12866-024-03387-1.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-024-03387-1"},{"key":"6623_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iyer, L.M., V. Anantharaman, A. Krishnan, A.M. Burroughs, and L. Aravind, Jumbo Phages: A Comparative Genomic Overview of Core Functions and Adaptions for Biological Conflicts. Viruses, 2021. 13(1). 10.3390\/v13010063.","DOI":"10.3390\/v13010063"},{"key":"6623_CR29","unstructured":"Sambrook, J. and D.W. Russell, Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual. 3rd ed. 2001, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory."},{"key":"6623_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He, L., H. Yang, J. Tang, Z. Liu, Y. Chen, B. Lu, H. He, S. Tang, Y. Sun, F. Liu, X. Ding, Y. Zhang, S. Hu, and L. Xia, Intestinal probiotics E. coli Nissle 1917 as a targeted vehicle for delivery of p53 and Tum-5 to solid tumors for cancer therapy. J Biol Eng, 2019. 13: p. 58. 10.1186\/s13036-019-0189-9.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13036-019-0189-9"},{"key":"6623_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bonilla, N. and J.J. Barr, Phage on Tap: A Quick and Efficient Protocol for the Preparation of Bacteriophage Laboratory Stocks. Methods Mol Biol, 2018. 1838: p. 37\u201346. 10.1007\/978-1-4939-8682-8_4.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-8682-8_4"},{"key":"6623_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lee, Y.D., J.Y. Kim, and J.H. Park, Characteristics of coliphage ECP4 and potential use as a sanitizing agent for biocontrol of Escherichia coli O157:H7. Food Control, 2013. 34: p. 255\u2013260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodcont.2013.04.043.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2013.04.043."},{"key":"6623_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grami, E., S. Badawy, S. Kiljunen, N. Saidi, and M. Skurnik, Characterization and genome analysis of Escherichia phage fBC-Eco01, isolated from wastewater in Tunisia. Arch. Virol., 2023. 168(2): p. 44. 10.1007\/s00705-022-05680-8.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-022-05680-8"},{"key":"6623_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karumidze, N., I. Kusradze, S. Rigvava, M. Goderdzishvili, K. Rajakumar, and Z. Alavidze, Isolation and characterisation of lytic bacteriophages of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca. Curr. Microbiol., 2013. 66(3): p. 251-8. 10.1007\/s00284-012-0264-7.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-012-0264-7"},{"key":"6623_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coil, D., G. Jospin, and A.E. Darling, A5-miseq: an updated pipeline to assemble microbial genomes from Illumina MiSeq data. Bioinformatics, 2015. 31(4): p. 587\u2013589. 10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu661.","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu661"},{"key":"6623_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kearse, M., R. Moir, A. Wilson, S. Stones-Havas, M. Cheung, S. Sturrock, S. Buxton, A. Cooper, S. Markowitz, C. Duran, T. Thierer, B. Ashton, P. Meintjes, and A. Drummond, Geneious Basic: an integrated and extendable desktop software platform for the organization and analysis of sequence data. Bioinformatics, 2012. 28(12): p. 1647-9. 10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts199.","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts199"},{"key":"6623_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aziz, R.K., D. Bartels, A.A. Best, M. DeJongh, T. Disz, R.A. Edwards, K. Formsma, S. Gerdes, E.M. Glass, M. Kubal, F. Meyer, G.J. Olsen, R. Olson, A.L. Osterman, R.A. Overbeek, L.K. McNeil, D. Paarmann, T. Paczian, B. Parrello, G.D. Pusch, C. Reich, R. Stevens, O. Vassieva, V. Vonstein, A. Wilke, and O. Zagnitko, The RAST Server: rapid annotations using subsystems technology. BMC Genomics, 2008. 9: p. 75. 10.1186\/1471-2164-9-75.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-9-75"},{"key":"6623_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carver, T., S.R. Harris, M. Berriman, J. Parkhill, and J.A. McQuillan, Artemis: an integrated platform for visualization and analysis of high-throughput sequence-based experimental data. Bioinformatics, 2012. 28(4): p. 464-9. 10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr703.","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr703"},{"key":"6623_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garneau, J.R., F. Depardieu, L.C. Fortier, D. Bikard, and M. Monot, PhageTerm: a tool for fast and accurate determination of phage termini and packaging mechanism using next-generation sequencing data. Sci. Rep., 2017. 7(1): p. 8292. 10.1038\/s41598-017-07910-5.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-07910-5"},{"key":"6623_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zimmermann, L., A. Stephens, S.Z. Nam, D. Rau, J. Kubler, M. Lozajic, F. Gabler, J. Soding, A.N. Lupas, and V. Alva, A completely reimplemented MPI bioinformatics toolkit with a new HHpred server at its core. J. Mol. Biol., 2018. 430(15): p. 2237\u20132243. 10.1016\/j.jmb.2017.12.007.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2017.12.007"},{"key":"6623_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tamura, K., G. Stecher, and S. Kumar, MEGA11: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 11. Molecular Biology and Evolution 2021. 38(7): p. 3022\u20133027. 10.1093\/molbev\/msab120.","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msab120"},{"key":"6623_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moraru, C., A. Varsani, and A.M. Kropinski, VIRIDIC-A novel tool to calculate the intergenomic similarities of prokaryote-infecting viruses. Viruses, 2020. 12(11). 10.3390\/v12111268.","DOI":"10.3390\/v12111268"},{"key":"6623_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Darling, A.C., B. Mau, F.R. Blattner, and N.T. Perna, Mauve: multiple alignment of conserved genomic sequence with rearrangements. Genome Res, 2004. 14(7): p. 1394\u2009\u2212\u2009403. 10.1101\/gr.2289704.","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.2289704"},{"key":"6623_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zulkower, V. and S. Rosser, DNA Features Viewer: a sequence annotation formatting and plotting library for Python. Bioinformatics, 2020. 36(15): p. 4350\u20134352. 10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btaa213.","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btaa213"},{"key":"6623_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Badawy, S., M.I. Pajunen, J. Haiko, Z.A.M. Baka, M.I. Abou-Dobara, A.K.A. El-Sayed, and M. Skurnik, Identification and Functional Analysis of Temperate Siphoviridae Bacteriophages of Acinetobacter baumannii. Viruses, 2020. 12(6). 10.3390\/v12060604.","DOI":"10.3390\/v12060604"},{"key":"6623_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, C., Q. Chen, C. Zhang, J. Yang, Z. Lu, F. Lu, and X. Bie, Characterization of a broad host-spectrum virulent Salmonella bacteriophage fmb-p1 and its application on duck meat. Virus Res., 2017. 236: p. 14\u201323. 10.1016\/j.virusres.2017.05.001.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2017.05.001"},{"key":"6623_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Svab, D., L. Falgenhauer, M. Rohde, T. Chakraborty, and I. Toth, Identification and characterization of new broad host-range rV5-like coliphages C203 and P206 directed against enterobacteria. Infect Genet Evol, 2018. 64: p. 254\u2013261. 10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.07.004.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.07.004"},{"key":"6623_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vandersteegen, K., A.M. Kropinski, J.H. Nash, J.P. Noben, K. Hermans, and R. Lavigne, Romulus and Remus, two phage isolates representing a distinct clade within the Twortlikevirus genus, display suitable properties for phage therapy applications. J. Virol., 2013. 87(6): p. 3237-47. 10.1128\/JVI.02763-12.","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02763-12"},{"key":"6623_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kropinski, A.M., Practical Advice on the One-Step Growth Curve. Methods Mol. Biol., 2018. 1681: p. 41\u201347. 10.1007\/978-1-4939-7343-9_3.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7343-9_3"},{"key":"6623_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wagemans, J., J. Tsonos, D. Holtappels, K. Fortuna, J.P. Hernalsteens, H. Greve, L.F. Estrozi, M. Bacia-Verloop, C. Moriscot, J.P. Noben, G. Schoehn, and R. Lavigne, Structural Analysis of Jumbo Coliphage phAPEC6. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2020. 21(9). 10.3390\/ijms21093119.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21093119"},{"key":"6623_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Merrill, B.D., A.T. Ward, J.H. Grose, and S. Hope, Software-based analysis of bacteriophage genomes, physical ends, and packaging strategies. BMC Genomics, 2016. 17(1): p. 679. 10.1186\/s12864-016-3018-2.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-016-3018-2"},{"key":"6623_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Casjens, S.R. and R.W. Hendrix, Bacteriophage lambda: Early pioneer and still relevant. Virology, 2015. 479\u2013480: p. 310\u2009\u2212\u200930. 10.1016\/j.virol.2015.02.010.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2015.02.010"},{"key":"6623_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Casjens, S.R. and E.B. Gilcrease, Determining DNA packaging strategy by analysis of the termini of the chromosomes in tailed-bacteriophage virions. Methods Mol. Biol., 2009. 502: p. 91\u2013111. 10.1007\/978-1-60327-565-1_7.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60327-565-1_7"},{"key":"6623_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lobocka, M.B., D.J. Rose, G. Plunkett, 3rd, M. Rusin, A. Samojedny, H. Lehnherr, M.B. Yarmolinsky, and F.R. Blattner, Genome of bacteriophage P1. J. Bacteriol., 2004. 186(21): p. 7032\u20137068.","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.21.7032-7068.2004"},{"key":"6623_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, M.S., S.S. Hong, K. Park, and H. Myung, Genomic analysis of bacteriophage PBECO4 infecting Escherichia coli O157:H7. Arch. Virol., 2013. 158(11): p. 2399\u2009\u2212\u2009403. 10.1007\/s00705-013-1718-3.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-013-1718-3"},{"key":"6623_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ackermann, H.W. and T.M. Nguyen, Sewage coliphages studied by electron microscopy. Appl. Environ. Microb., 1983. 45(3): p. 1049-59. 10.1128\/aem.45.3.1049-1059.1983.","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.45.3.1049-1059.1983"},{"key":"6623_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simoliunas, E., L. Kaliniene, L. Truncaite, A. Zajanckauskaite, J. Staniulis, A. Kaupinis, M. Ger, M. Valius, and R. Meskys, Klebsiella phage vB_KleM-RaK2 - a giant singleton virus of the family Myoviridae. PLoS ONE, 2013. 8(4): p. e60717. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0060717.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060717"},{"key":"6623_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Millard, A., R. Denise, M. Lestido, M.T. Thomas, D. Webster, D. Turner, and T. Sicheritz-Pont\u00e9n, taxMyPhage: Automated Taxonomy of dsDNA Phage Genomes at the Genus and Species Level. PHAGE, 2025. 6(1): p. 5\u201311. 10.1089\/phage.2024.0050.","DOI":"10.1089\/phage.2024.0050"},{"key":"6623_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mapes, A.C., B.W. Trautner, K.S. Liao, and R.F. Ramig, Development of expanded host range phage active on biofilms of multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bacteriophage, 2016. 6(1): p. e1096995. 10.1080\/21597081.2015.1096995.","DOI":"10.1080\/21597081.2015.1096995"},{"key":"6623_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yehl, K., S. Lemire, A.C. Yang, H. Ando, M. Mimee, M.T. Torres, C. de la Fuente-Nunez, and T.K. Lu, Engineering phage host-range and suppressing bacterial resistance through phage tail fiber mutagenesis. Cell, 2019. 179(2): p. 459\u2013469 e9. 10.1016\/j.cell.2019.09.015.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.09.015"}],"container-title":["Archives of Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00705-026-06623-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00705-026-06623-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00705-026-06623-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T21:53:12Z","timestamp":1781646792000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00705-026-06623-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["6623"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00705-026-06623-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0304-8608","1432-8798"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0304-8608","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-8798","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"SB and MS declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"160"}}