{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T01:05:54Z","timestamp":1792026354023,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":155,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Amino Acids"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-021-03064-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T07:04:12Z","timestamp":1630479852000},"page":"325-338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Effects of the l-tyrosine-derived bacterial metabolite p-cresol on colonic and peripheral cells"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8501-0990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F.","family":"Blachier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Andriamihaja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"3064_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2018.1534514","volume":"10","author":"EA Al Hinai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Al Hinai EA, Kullamethee P, Rowland IR, Swann J, Walton GE, Commane DM (2019) Modelling the role of microbial p-cresol in colorectal genotoxicity. Gut Microbes 10:398\u2013411","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"3064_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.3109\/1354750X.2010.548010","volume":"16","author":"L Altieri","year":"2011","unstructured":"Altieri L, Neri C, Sacco R, Curatolo P, Benvenuto A, Muratori F, Santocchi E, Bravaccio C, Lenti C, Saccani M, Rigardetto R, Gandione M, Urbani A, Persico AM (2011) Urinary p-cresol is elevated in small children with severe autism spectrum disorder. Biomarkers 16:252\u2013260","journal-title":"Biomarkers"},{"key":"3064_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3381","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005050535","volume":"16","author":"N Amabile","year":"2005","unstructured":"Amabile N, Gu\u00e9rin AP, Leroyer A, Mallat Z, Nguyen C, Boddaert J, London GM, Tedgui A, Boulanger CM (2005) Circulating endothelial microparticles are associated with vascular dysfunction in patients with end-stage renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol 16:3381\u20133388","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3064_CR4","first-page":"G1030","volume":"299","author":"M Andriamihaja","year":"2010","unstructured":"Andriamihaja M, Davila AM, Eklou-Lawson M, Petit N, Delpal S, Allek F, Blais A, Delteil C, Tom\u00e9 D, Blachier F (2010) Colon luminal content and epithelial cell morphology are markedly modified in rats fed with a high-protein diet. Am J Physiol 299:G1030\u2013G1037","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"3064_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2015.04.004","volume":"85","author":"M Andriamihaja","year":"2015","unstructured":"Andriamihaja M, Lan A, Beaumont M, Audebert M, Wong X, Yamada K, Yin Y, Tom\u00e9 D, Carrasco-Pozo C, Gotteland M, Kong X, Blachier F (2015) The deleterious metabolic and genotoxic effects of the bacterial metabolite p-cresol on colonic epithelial cells. Free Radic Biol Med 85:219\u2013227","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"3064_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010121220","volume":"22","author":"PA Aronov","year":"2011","unstructured":"Aronov PA, Lou FJG, Plummer NS, Quan Z, Holmes S, Hostetter TH, Meyer TW (2011) Colonic contribution to uremic solutes. J Am Soc Nephrol 22:1769\u20131776","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3064_CR7","first-page":"F890","volume":"315","author":"JG Atherton","year":"2018","unstructured":"Atherton JG, Hains DS, Bissler J, Pendley BD, Lindner E (2018) Generation, clearance, toxicity, and monitoring possibilities of unaccounted uremic toxins for improved dialysis prescriptions. Am J Physiol 315:F890\u2013F902","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"3064_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000115","volume":"69","author":"B Bammens","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bammens B, Evenepoel P, Keuleers H, Verbeke K, Vanrenterghem Y (2006) Free serum concentrations of the protein-bound retention solute p-cresol predict mortality in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 69:1081\u20131087","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3064_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-45328-2_1","volume":"1265","author":"M Beaumont","year":"2020","unstructured":"Beaumont M, Blachier F (2020) Amino acids in intestinal physiology and health. Adv Exp Med Biol 1265:1\u201320","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"3064_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.117.158816","volume":"106","author":"M Beaumont","year":"2017","unstructured":"Beaumont M, Portune KJ, Steuer N, Lan A, Cerrudo V, Audebert M, Dumont F, Mancano G, Khodorova N, Andriamihaja M, Airinei G, Tom\u00e9 D, Benamouzig R, Davila AM, Claus SP, Sanz Y, Blachier F (2017) Quantity and source of dietary protein influence metabolite production by gut microbiota and rectal mucosa gene expression: a randomized, parallel, double-blind trial in overweight humans. Am J Clin Nutr 106:1005\u20131019","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"3064_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1021\/jp9059517","volume":"114","author":"D Berg\u00e9-Lefranc","year":"2010","unstructured":"Berg\u00e9-Lefranc D, Chaspoul F, Calaf R, Charpiot P, Brunet P, Gallice P (2010) Binding of p-cresylsulfate and p-cresol to human serum albumin studied by microcalorimetry. J Phys Chem 114:1661\u20131665","journal-title":"J Phys Chem"},{"key":"3064_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a020453","volume":"8","author":"DE Bergles","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bergles DE, Richardson WD (2015) Oligodendrocyte development and plasticity. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 8:e020453","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol"},{"key":"3064_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/63.5.766","volume":"63","author":"A Birkett","year":"1996","unstructured":"Birkett A, Muir J, Phillips J, Jones G, O\u2019Dea K (1996) Resistant starch lowers fecal concentrations of ammonia and phenols in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 63:766\u2013772","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"3064_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-006-0477-9","volume":"33","author":"F Blachier","year":"2007","unstructured":"Blachier F, Mariotti F, Huneau JF, Tom\u00e9 D (2007) Effects of amino acid-derived luminal metabolites on the colonic epithelium and physiopathological consequences. Amino Acids 33:547\u2013562","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"3064_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2016.11.015","volume":"187","author":"F Blachier","year":"2017","unstructured":"Blachier F, Beaumont M, Andriamihaja M, Davila AM, Lan A, Grauso M, Armand L, Benamouzig R, Tom\u00e9 D (2017) Changes in the luminal environment of the colonic epithelial cells and physiopathological consequences. Am J Pathol 187:476\u2013486","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"3064_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.016","volume":"38","author":"F Blachier","year":"2019","unstructured":"Blachier F, Beaumont M, Portune KJ, Steuer N, Lan A, Audebert M, Khodorova N, Andriamihaja M, Airinei G, Benamouzig R, Davila AM, Armand L, Rampelli S, Brigidi P, Tom\u00e9 D, Claus SP, Sanz Y (2019) High-protein diets for weight management: Interactions with the intestinal microbiota and consequences for gut health. Clin Nutr 38:1012\u20131022","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"3064_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/29.12.1448","volume":"29","author":"E Bone","year":"1976","unstructured":"Bone E, Tamm A, Hill M (1976) The production of urinary phenols by gut bacteria and their possible role in the causation of large bowel cancer. Am J Clin Nutr 29:1448\u20131454","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"3064_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1159\/000356370","volume":"36","author":"A Brocca","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brocca A, Virzi GM, de Cal M, Cantaluppi V, Ronco C (2013) Cytotoxic effects of p-cresol in renal epithelial tubular cells. Blood Purif 36:219\u2013225","journal-title":"Blood Purif"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"3064_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-1878C","volume":"125","author":"T Buie","year":"2010","unstructured":"Buie T, Campbell DB, Fuchs GJ 3rd, Furuta GT, Levy J, Vandewater J, Whitaker AH, Atkins D, Bauman ML, Beaudet AL, Carr EG, Gershon MD, Hyman SL, Jirapinyo P, Jyonouchi H, Kooros K, Kushak R, Levitt P, Levy SE, Lewis JD, Murray KF, Natowicz MR, Sabra A, Wershil BK, Weston SC, Zeltzer L, Winter H (2010) Evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in individuals with ASDs: a consensus report. Pediatrics 125(Suppl 1):S1\u2013S18","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"3064_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2011.06.014","volume":"879","author":"R Calaf","year":"2011","unstructured":"Calaf R, Cerini C, G\u00e9nov\u00e9sio C, Verhaeghe P, Jourde-Chiche N, Berg\u00e9-Lefranc D, Gondouin B, Dou L, Morange S, Argil\u00e9s A, Rathelot P, Dignat-George F, Brunet P, Charpiot P (2011) Determination of uremic solutes in biological fluids of chronic kidney disease patients by HPLC assay. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 879:2281\u20132286","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci"},{"key":"3064_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2004.09.005","volume":"41","author":"D Calderon-Guzman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Calderon-Guzman D, Hernandez-Islas JL, Espitia Vasquez IR, Barragan-Mejia G, Hernandez-Garcia E, Del Angel DS, Juarez-Olguin H (2005) Effect of toluene and cresols on Na+, K+-ATPase and serotonin in rat brain. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 41:1\u20135","journal-title":"Regul Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"3064_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2012.01921.x","volume":"24","author":"M Camilleri","year":"2012","unstructured":"Camilleri M, Madsen K, Spiller R, Greenwood-Van Meerveld B, Verne GN (2012) Intestinal barrier function in health and gastrointestinal disease. Neurogastroenterol Motil 24:503\u2013512","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"3064_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2014.06.006","volume":"43","author":"M Careaga","year":"2015","unstructured":"Careaga M, Schwartzer J, Ashwood P (2015) Inflammatory profiles in the BTBR mouse: how relevant are they to autism spectrum disorders? Brain Behav Immun 43:11\u201316","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"3064_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1160\/TH03-07-0491","volume":"92","author":"C Cerini","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cerini C, Dou L, Anfosso F, Sabatier F, Moal V, Glorieux G, De Smet R, Vanholder R, Dignat-George F, Sampol J, Berland Y, Brunet P (2004) p-cresol, a uremic retention solute, alters the endothelial barrier function in vitro. Thromb Haemost 92:140\u2013150","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"3064_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0114446","volume":"9","author":"MC Chang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chang MC, Chang HH, Chan CP, Yeung SY, Hsien HC, Lin BR, Yeh CY, Tseng WY, Tseng SK, Jeng JH (2014) p-cresol affects reactive oxygen species generation, cell cycle arrest, cytotoxicity and inflammation\/atherosclerosis-related modulators production in endothelial cells and mononuclear cells. PLoS ONE 9:e114446","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3064_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1159\/000339709","volume":"35","author":"TC Chen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chen TC, Wang CY, Hsu CY, Wu CH, Kuo CC, Wang KC, Yang CC, Wu MT, Chuang FR, Lee CT (2012) Free p-cresol sulfate is associated with survival and function of vascular access in chronic hemodialysis patients. Kidney Blood Press Res 35:583\u2013588","journal-title":"Kidney Blood Press Res"},{"key":"3064_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000164312.20008.93","volume":"25","author":"HJ Cho","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cho HJ, Youn SW, Cheon SI, Kim TY, Hur J, Zhang SY, Lee SP, Park KW, Lee MM, Choi YS, Park YB, Kim HS (2005) Regulation of endothelial cell and endothelial progenitor cell survival and vasculogenesis by integrin-linked kinase. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 25:1154\u20131160","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"3064_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1996.tb14220.x","volume":"85","author":"P D\u2019Eufemia","year":"1996","unstructured":"D\u2019Eufemia P, Celli M, Finocchiaro R, Pacifico L, Viozzi L, Zaccagnini M, Cardi E, Giardini O (1996) Abnormal intestinal permeability in children with autism. Acta Paediatr 85:1076\u20131079","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"3064_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2012.11.005","volume":"68","author":"AM Davila","year":"2013","unstructured":"Davila AM, Blachier F, Gotteland M, Andriamihaja M, Benetti PH, Sanz Y, Tom\u00e9 D (2013) Intestinal luminal nitrogen metabolism: role of the gut microbiota and consequences for the host. Pharmacol Res 68:95\u2013107","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"3064_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-11-86","volume":"11","author":"LF Dawson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dawson LF, Donahue EH, Cartman ST, Barton RH, Bundy J, McNerney R, Minton NP, Wren BW (2011) The analysis of para-cresol production and tolerance in Clostridium difficile 027 and 012 strains. BMC Microbiol 11:86","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"3064_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e76993","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076993","volume":"8","author":"M De Angelis","year":"2013","unstructured":"De Angelis M, Piccolo M, Vannini L, Siragusa S, De Giacomo A, Serrazzanetti DI, Cristofori F, Guerzoni ME, Gobbetti M, Francavilla R (2013) Fecal microbiota and metabolome of children with autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified. PLoS ONE 8:e76993","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3064_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-8981(98)00124-7","volume":"278","author":"R De Smet","year":"1998","unstructured":"De Smet R, David F, Sandra P, Van Kaer J, Lesaffer G, Dhondt A, Lameire N, Vanholder R (1998) A sensitive HPLC method for the quantification of free and total p-cresol in patients with chronic renal failure. Clin Chim Acta 278:1\u201321","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"3064_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13125","volume":"21","author":"F Deng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Deng F, Wang S, Zhang L (2017) Endothelial microparticles act as novel diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers of circulatory hypoxia-related diseases: a literature review. J Cell Mol Med 21:169\u2013170","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"3064_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4347(97)00407-6","volume":"703","author":"RL Dills","year":"1997","unstructured":"Dills RL, Bellamy GM, Kalman DA (1997) Quantification of o-, m- and p-cresol and deuterated analogs in human urine by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 703:105\u2013113","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl"},{"key":"3064_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-27592-5_20","volume":"891","author":"PG Dinning","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dinning PG (2016) Recording in vivo human colonic motility: what have we learnt over the past 100 years? Adv Exp Med Biol 891:213\u2013222","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"3064_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.00399.x","volume":"65","author":"L Dou","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dou L, Bertrand E, Cerini C, Faure V, Sampol J, Vanholder R, Berland Y, Brunet P (2004) The uremic solutes p-cresol and indoxyl sulfate inhibit endothelial proliferation and wound repair. Kidney Int 65:442\u2013451","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3064_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5001523","volume":"70","author":"P Evenepoel","year":"2006","unstructured":"Evenepoel P, Bammens B, Verbeke K, Vanrenterghem Y (2006) Acarbose treatment lowers generation and serum concentrations of the protein-bound solute p-cresol: a pilot study. Kidney Int 70:192\u2013198","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3064_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2002.34518","volume":"40","author":"RM Faguli","year":"2002","unstructured":"Faguli RM, De Smet R, Buoncristiani U, Lameire N, Vanholder R (2002) Behavior of non-protein-bound and protein-bound uremic solutes during daily hemodialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 40:339\u2013347","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"3064_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2005.01780.x","volume":"4","author":"V Faure","year":"2006","unstructured":"Faure V, Dou L, Sabatier F, Cerini C, Sampol J, Berland Y, Brunet P, Dignat-George F (2006) Elevation of circulating endothelial microparticles in patients with chronic renal failure. J Thromb Haemost 4:566\u2013573","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"3064_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2229","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114512000372","volume":"108","author":"IEJA Fran\u00e7ois","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fran\u00e7ois IEJA, Lescroart O, Veraverbeke WS, Marzorati M, Possemiers S, Evenepoel P, Hamer H, Houben E, Windey K, Welling GW, Delcour JA, Courtin CM, Verbeke K, Broekaert WF (2012) Effects of wheat bran extract containing arabinoxylan oligosaccharides on gastrointestinal health parameters in healthy adult human volunteers: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross over trial. Br J Nutr 108:2229\u20132242","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"3064_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8134","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.24.18.8134-8144.2004","volume":"24","author":"EB Friedrich","year":"2004","unstructured":"Friedrich EB, Liu E, Sinha S, Cook S, Milstone DS, MacRae CA, Mariotti M, Kuhlencordt PJ, Force T, Rosenzweig A, St-Arnaud R, Dedhar S, Gerszten RE (2004) Integrin-linked kinase regulates endothelial cell survival and vascular development. Mol Cell Biol 24:8134\u20138144","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"3064_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.3109\/1354750X.2014.936911","volume":"19","author":"S Gabriele","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gabriele S, Sacco R, Cerullo S, Neri C, Urbani A, Tripi G, Malvy J, Barthelemy C, Bonnet-Brihault F, Persico AM (2014) Urinary p-cresol is elevated in young French children with autism spectrum disorder: a replication study. Biomarkers 19:463\u2013470","journal-title":"Biomarkers"},{"key":"3064_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1571","volume":"9","author":"S Gabriele","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gabriele S, Sacco R, Altieri L, Neri C, Urbani A, Bravaccio C, Riccio MP, Lovene MR, Bombace F, De Magistris L, Persico AM (2016) Slow intestinal transit contributes to elevate urinary p-cresol level in Italian autistic children. Autism Res 9:752\u2013759","journal-title":"Autism Res"},{"key":"3064_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.13442","volume":"5","author":"M Gacias","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gacias M, Gaspari S, Santos PMG, Tamburini S, Andrade M, Zhang F, Shen N, Tolstikov V, Kiebish MA, Dupree JL, Zachariou V, Clemente JC, Casaccia P (2016) Mocrobiota-driven transcriptional changes in prefrontal cortex override genetic differences in social behavior. Elife 5:e13442","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"3064_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2014.283887","volume":"593","author":"A Garcia-Jerez","year":"2015","unstructured":"Garcia-Jerez A, Luengo A, Carracedo J, Ramirez-Chamond R, Rodriguez-Puyol M, Calleros L (2015) Effect of uremia on endothelial cell damage is mediated by the integrin linked kinase pathway. J Physiol 593:601\u2013618","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"3064_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.41.1.70","volume":"41","author":"B Geypens","year":"1997","unstructured":"Geypens B, Claus D, Evenepoel P, Hiele M, Maes B, Peeters M, Rutgeerts P, Ghoos Y (1997) Influence of dietary protein supplements on the formation of bacterial metabolites in the colon. Gut 41:70\u201376","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"3064_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19760009","volume":"35","author":"JA Gibson","year":"1976","unstructured":"Gibson JA, Sladen GE, Dawson AM (1976) Protein absorption and ammonia production: the effects of dietary protein and removal of the colon. Br J Nutr 35:61\u201365","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"3064_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2007.10.003","volume":"18","author":"RJ Glassock","year":"2008","unstructured":"Glassock RJ (2008) Uremic toxins: what are they? An integrated overview of pathobiology and classification. J Ren Nutr 18:2\u20136","journal-title":"J Ren Nutr"},{"key":"3064_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2576","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00383a025","volume":"26","author":"PJ Goodhart","year":"1987","unstructured":"Goodhart PJ, DeWolf WE Jr, Kruse LI (1987) Mechanisms-based inactivation of dopamine beta-hydroxylase by p-cresol and related alkylphenols. Biochemistry 26:2576\u20132583","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"3064_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN20051589","volume":"95","author":"A Gostner","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gostner A, Blaut M, Sch\u00e4ffer V, Kozianowski G, Theis S, Klingeberg M, Dombrowski Y, Martin D, Ehrardt S, Taras D, Schwiertz A, Kleessen B, L\u00fchrs H, Schauber J, Dorbath D, Menzel T, Scheppach W (2006) Effect of isomalt consumption on faecal microflora and colonic metabolism in healthy volunteers. Br J Nutr 95:40\u201350","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"3064_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins9020052","volume":"9","author":"T Gryp","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gryp T, Vanholder R, Vaneechoutte M, Glorieux G (2017) p-cresyl sulfate. Toxins (basel) 9:52","journal-title":"Toxins (basel)"},{"key":"3064_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.01.028","volume":"97","author":"T Gryp","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gryp T, De Paepe K, Vanholder R, Kerckhof FM, Van Biesen W, Van de Wiele T, Verbeke F, Speeckaert M, Joossens M, Couttenve MM, Vaneechoutte M, Glorieux G (2020) Gut microbiota generation of protein-bound uremic toxins and related metabolites is not altered at different stages of chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 97:1230\u20131242","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3064_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10657","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-67574-6","volume":"10","author":"F Guerrero","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guerrero F, Carmona A, Obrero T, Jimenez MJ, Soriano S, Moreno JA, Martin-Malo A, Aljama P (2020) Role of endothelial microvesicles released by p-cresol on endothelial dysfunction. Sci Rep 10:10657","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3064_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s13229-018-0247-z","volume":"9","author":"H Guo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guo H, Wang T, Wu H, Long M, Coe BP, Li H, Xun G, Ou J, Chen B, Duan G, Bai T, Zhao N, Shen Y, Li Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Baker C, Liu Y, Pang N, Huang L, Han L, Jia X, Liu C, Ni H, Yang X, Xia L, Chen J, Shen L, Li Y, Zhao R, Zhao W, Peng J, Pan Q, Long Z, Su W, Tan J, Du X, Ke X, Yao M, Hu Z, Zou X, Zhao J, Bernier RA, Eichler EE, Xia K (2018) Inherited and multiple de novo mutations in autism\/developmental delay risk genes suggest a multifactorial model. Mol Autism 9:64","journal-title":"Mol Autism"},{"key":"3064_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-9-2-129","volume":"9","author":"S Hafiz","year":"1976","unstructured":"Hafiz S, Oakley CL (1976) Clostridium difficile: isolation and characteristics. J Med Microbiol 9:129\u2013136","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"3064_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.76","volume":"68","author":"J Hallmayer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hallmayer J, Cleveland S, Torres A, Phillips J, Cohen B, Torigoe T, Miller J, Fedele A, Collins J, Smith K, Lotspeich L, Croen LA, Ozonoff S, Lajonchere C, Grether JK, Risch N (2011) Genetic heritability and shared environmental factors among twin pairs with autism. Arch Gen Psychiatry 68:1095\u20131102","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"3064_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1938","volume":"11","author":"I Hertz-Picciotto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hertz-Picciotto I, Schmidt RJ, Krakowiak P (2018) Understanding environmental contributions to autism: causal concepts and the state of science. Autism Res 11:554\u2013586","journal-title":"Autism Res"},{"key":"3064_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102691","volume":"9","author":"HJ Hsu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hsu HJ, Yen CH, Wu IW, Hsu KH, Chen CK, Sun CY, Chou CC, Chen CY, Tsai CJ, Wu MS, Lee CC (2014) The association of uremic toxins and inflammation in hemodialysis patients. PLoS ONE 9:e102691","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3064_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.legalmed.2018.08.003","volume":"34","author":"N Ikematsu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ikematsu N, Kashiwagi M, Hara K, Waters B, Matsusue A, Takayama M, Kubo SI (2018) Diagnostic meaning of blood p-cresol concentration in forensic autopsy cases. Leg Med (tokyo) 34:27\u201335","journal-title":"Leg Med (tokyo)"},{"key":"3064_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.2152\/jmi.66.81","volume":"66","author":"N Ikematsu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ikematsu N, Kashiwagi M, Hara K, Waters B, Matsusue A, Takayama M, Kubo SI (2019) organ distribution of endogenous p-cresol in hemodialysis patients. J Med Invest 66:81\u201385","journal-title":"J Med Invest"},{"key":"3064_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2020.109049","volume":"132","author":"M Ji","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ji M, Du H, Xu Y (2020) Structural and metabolic performance of p-cresol producing microbiota in different carbon sources. J Food Res 132:109049","journal-title":"J Food Res"},{"key":"3064_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.00871","volume":"117","author":"Y Kaneko","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kaneko Y, Kitazato K, Basaki Y (2004) Integrin-linked kinase regulates vascular morphogenesis induced by vascular endothelial growth factor. J Cell Sci 117:407\u2013415","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"3064_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.12.007","volume":"49","author":"DW Kang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kang DW, Ilhan ZE, Isern NG, Hoyt DW, Howsmon DP, Shaffer M, Lozupone CA, Hahn J, Adams JB, Krajmalnik-Brown R (2018) Differences in fecal microbial metabolites and microbiota of children with autism spectrum disorders. Anaerobe 49:121\u2013131","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"3064_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1997.354","volume":"52","author":"JA Kari","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kari JA, Donald AE, Vallance DT, Bruckdorfer KR, Leone A, Mullen MJ, Bunce T, Dorado B, Deanfield JE, Rees L (1997) Physiology and biochemistry of endothelial function in children with chronic renal failure. Kidney Int 52:468\u2013472","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3064_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s12986-019-0343-x","volume":"16","author":"HT Khosroshahi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Khosroshahi HT, Abedi B, Ghoiazadeh M, Samadi A, Jouyban A (2019) Effects of fermentable high fiber diet supplementation on gut derived and conventional nitrogenous product in patients on maintenance hemodialysis: a randomized controlled trial. Nutr Metab 16:18","journal-title":"Nutr Metab"},{"key":"3064_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1002\/em.21817","volume":"54","author":"L Khoury","year":"2013","unstructured":"Khoury L, Zalko D, Audebert M (2013) Validation of high-throughput genotoxicity assay screening using \u0223 H2AX in-cell western assay on HepG2 cells. Environ Mol Mutagen 54:737\u2013746","journal-title":"Environ Mol Mutagen"},{"key":"3064_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(19)30181-6","volume":"6","author":"JY Kim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim JY, Son MJ, Son CY, Radua J, Eisenhut M, Gressier F, Koyanagi A, Carvalho AF, Stubbs B, Solmi M, Rais TB, Lee KH, Kronbichler A, Dragioti E, Shin JI, Fusar-Poli P (2019) Environmental risk factors and biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder: an umbrella review of the evidence. Lancet Psychiatry 6:590\u2013600","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"3064_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2008.09.034","volume":"384","author":"RA King","year":"2009","unstructured":"King RA, May BL, Davies DA, Bird AR (2009) Measurement of phenol and p-cresol in urine and feces using vacuum microdistillation and high-performance liquid chromatography. Anal Biochem 384:27\u201333","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"3064_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0000000000000342","volume":"20","author":"GJ Ko","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ko GJ, Obi Y, Tortorici AR, Kalantar-Zadeh K (2017) Dietary protein intake and chronic kidney disease. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 20:77\u201385","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"key":"3064_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1002\/em.22214","volume":"59","author":"B Kopp","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kopp B, Vignard J, Mirey G, Fessard V, Zalko D, Le Hgarat L, Audebert M (2018) Genotoxicity and mutagenicity assessment of food contaminant mixtures present in the French diet. Environ Mol Mutagen 59:742\u2013754","journal-title":"Environ Mol Mutagen"},{"key":"3064_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-1321-6_10","volume":"498","author":"TY Lee","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lee TY, Noria S, Lee J, Gotlieb AI (2001) Endothelial integrity and repair. Adv Exp Med Biol 498:65\u201374","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"3064_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1992","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2018010081","volume":"29","author":"SC Leong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Leong SC, Sao JN, Taussig A, Plummer NS, Meyer TW, Sirich TL (2018) Residual function effectively controls plasma concentrations of secreted solutes in patients on twice weekly hemodialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 29:1992\u20131999","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3064_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/15.1.50","volume":"15","author":"G Lesaffer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lesaffer G, De Smet R, Lameire N, Dhondt A, Duym P, Vanholder R (2000) Intradialytic removal of protein-bound uraemic toxins: role of solute characteristics and of dialyser membrane. Nephrol Dial Transplant 15:50\u201357","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"3064_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfg107","volume":"18","author":"G Lesaffer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lesaffer G, De Smet R, Belpaire FM, Van Vlem B, Van Hulle M, Cornelis R, Lameire N, Vanholder R (2003) Urinary excretion of the uraemic toxin p-cresol in the rat: contribution of glucuronidation to its metabolization. Nephrol Dial Transplant 18:1299\u20131306","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"3064_CR76","first-page":"2013","volume":"9","author":"L Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li L, Li J, Li X, Yuan FH (2017) Protein-bound p-cresol inhibits human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest at G(0)\/G(1). Am J Transl Res 9:2013\u20132023","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"3064_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3693","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfq251","volume":"25","author":"CJ Lin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lin CJ, Wu CJ, Pan CF, Chen YC, Sun FJ, Chen HH (2010) Serum protein-bound uraemic toxins and clinical outcomes in haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 25:3693\u20133700","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"3064_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0134590","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134590","volume":"10","author":"CJ Lin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lin CJ, Liou TC, Pan CF, Wu PC, Sun FJ, Liu HL, Chen HH, Wu CJ (2015a) The role of liver in determining serum colon-derived uremic solutes. PLoS ONE 10:e0134590","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3064_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2015.02.003","volume":"234","author":"HH Lin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lin HH, Huang CC, Lin TY, Lin CY (2015b) p-cresol mediates authophagic cell death in renal proximal tubular cells. Toxicol Lett 234:20\u201329","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"3064_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10090367","volume":"10","author":"WC Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu WC, Tomino Y, Lu KC (2018) Impact of indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol sulfate on chronic kidney disease and mitigating effects of AST-120. Toxins (basel) 10:367","journal-title":"Toxins (basel)"},{"key":"3064_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10060226","volume":"10","author":"RD Mair","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mair RD, Sirich TL, Meyer TW (2018) Uremic toxin clearance and cardiovascular toxicities. Toxins (basel) 10:226","journal-title":"Toxins (basel)"},{"key":"3064_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3430","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005030310","volume":"16","author":"AW Martinez","year":"2005","unstructured":"Martinez AW, Recht NS, Hostetter TH, Meyer TW (2005) Removal of p-cresol sulfate by hemodialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 16:3430\u20133436","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3064_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-017-0100-y","volume":"33","author":"A Masi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Masi A, DeMayo MM, Glozier N, Guastella AJ (2017) An overview of autism spectrum disorder, heteregeneity and treatment options. Neurosci Bull 33:183\u2013193","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"issue":"5","key":"3064_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-3995","volume":"133","author":"BO McElhanon","year":"2014","unstructured":"McElhanon BO, McCracken C, Karpen S, Sharp WG (2014) Gastrointestinal symptoms in autism spectrum disorder: a meta-analysis. Pediatrics 133(5):872\u2013883","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"3064_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2388","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfr672","volume":"27","author":"N Meert","year":"2012","unstructured":"Meert N, Schepers E, Glorieux G, Van Landschoot M, Goeman JL, Waterloos MA, Dhondt A, van der Eycken J, Vanholder R (2012) Novel method for simultaneous determination of p-cresylsulphate and p-cresylglucuronide: clinical data and pathophysiological implications. Nephrol Dial Transplant 27:2388\u20132396","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"3064_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2008.31","volume":"73","author":"BKI Meijers","year":"2008","unstructured":"Meijers BKI, Bammens B, De Moor B, Verbeke K, Vanrenterghem Y, Evenepoel P (2008) Free p-cresol is associated with cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 73:1174\u20131180","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3064_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2009.04.022","volume":"54","author":"BKI Meijers","year":"2009","unstructured":"Meijers BKI, Van Kerckhoven S, Verbeke K, Dehaen W, Vanrenterghem Y, Hoylaerts MF, Evenepoel P (2009) The uremic retention solute p-cresyl sulfate and markers of endothelial damage. Am J Kidney Dis 54:891\u2013901","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"3064_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.07971109","volume":"5","author":"BK Meijers","year":"2010","unstructured":"Meijers BK, Claes K, Bammens B, de Loor H, Viaene L, Verbeke K, Kuypers D, Vanrenterghem Y, Evenepoel P (2010a) p-cresol and cardiovascular risk in mild-to-moderate kidney disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 5:1182\u20131189","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3064_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfp414","volume":"25","author":"BK Meijers","year":"2010","unstructured":"Meijers BK, De Preter V, Verbeke K, Vanrenterghem Y, Evenepoel P (2010b) p-cresyl sulfate serum concentrations in haemodialysis patients are reduced by the prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin. Nephrol Dial Transplant 25:219\u2013224","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"3064_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-14-134","volume":"14","author":"ML Melamed","year":"2013","unstructured":"Melamed ML, Plantinga L, Shafi T, Parekh R, Meyer TW, Hostetter TH, Coresh J, Powe NR (2013) Retained organic solutes, patient characteristics and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis: results from the retained organic solutes and clinical outcomes (ROSCO) investigators. BMC Nephrol 14:134","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"3064_CR91","first-page":"G133","volume":"319","author":"KE Mercer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mercer KE, Ten Have GAM, Pack L, Lan R, Deutz NEP, Adams SH, Piccolo BD (2020) Net release and uptake of xenometabolites across intestinal, hepatic, muscle, and renal tissue beds in healthy conscious pigs. Am J Physiol 319:G133\u2013G141","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"3064_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2011.504","volume":"81","author":"TW Meyer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Meyer TW, Hostetter TH (2012) Uremic solutes from colon microbes. Kidney Int 81:949\u2013954","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3064_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1868","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.07.020","volume":"29","author":"HAM Mutsaers","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mutsaers HAM, Caetano-Pinto P, Seegers AEM, Dankers ACA, van den Broek PHH, Wetzels JFM, van den Brand JAJG, van den Heuvel LP, Hoenderop JG, Wilmer MJG, Masereeuw R (2015) Proximal tubular efflux transporters involved in renal excretion of p-cresyl sulfate and p-cresyl glucuronide: implications for chronic kidney disease pathophysiology. Toxicol in Vitro 29:1868\u20131877","journal-title":"Toxicol in Vitro"},{"key":"3064_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfq624","volume":"26","author":"I Nakabayashi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nakabayashi I, Nakamura M, Kawakami K, Ohta T, Kato I, Uchida K, Yoshida M (2011) Effects of symbiotic treatment on serum level of p-cresol in haemodialysis patients: a preliminary study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 26:1094\u20131098","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"3064_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-019-0111-1","volume":"15","author":"SK Nigam","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nigam SK, Bush KT (2019) Uraemic syndrome of chronic kidney disease: altered remote sensing and signaling. Nat Rev Nephrol 15:301\u2013316","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"3064_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-017-0597-9","volume":"15","author":"A Ntranos","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ntranos A, Casaccia P (2018) The microbiome-gut behavior axis: crosstalk between the gut microbiome and oligodendrocytes modulates behavioral responses. Neurotherapeutics 15:31\u201335","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"3064_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1111\/sdi.12381","volume":"28","author":"MV Pahl","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pahl MV, Vaziri ND (2015) The chronic kidney disease-colonic axis. Semin Dial 28:459\u2013463","journal-title":"Semin Dial"},{"key":"3064_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci10040233","volume":"10","author":"T Pascucci","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pascucci T, Colamartino M, Fiori E, Sacco R, Coviello A, Ventura R, Puglisi-Allegra S, Turriziani L, Persico AM (2020) p-cresol alters brain dopamine metabolism and exacerbates autism-like behaviors in the BTBR mouse. Brain Sci 10:233","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"3064_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1007191","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007191","volume":"14","author":"IJ Passmore","year":"2018","unstructured":"Passmore IJ, Letertre MPM, Preston MD, Bianconi I, Harrison MA, Nasher F, Kaur H, Hong HA, Baines SD, Cutting SM, Swann JR, Wren BW, Dawson LF (2018) Para-cresol production by Clostridium difficile affects microbial diversity and membrane integrity of Gram-negative bacteria. PLoS Pathog 14:e1007191","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"3064_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.12491211","volume":"7","author":"KP Patel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Patel KP, Luo FJG, Plummer NS, Hostetter TH, Meyer TW (2012) The production of p-cresol sulfate and indoxyl sulfate in vegetarians versus omnivores. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 7:982\u2013988","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3064_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0215256","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0215256","volume":"14","author":"M Patel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Patel M, Fowler D, Sizer J, Walton C (2019) Faecal volatile biomarkers of Clostridium difficile infection. PLoS ONE 14:e0215256","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3064_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H216","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3841.2012.02911.x","volume":"77","author":"G Paturi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Paturi G, Nyanhanda T, Butts CA, Herath TD, Monro JA, Ansell J (2012) Effects of potato fiber and potato-resistant starch on biomarkers of colonic health in rats fed diets containing red meat. J Food Sci 77:H216\u2013H223","journal-title":"J Food Sci"},{"key":"3064_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2012.07.004","volume":"302","author":"YS Peng","year":"2012","unstructured":"Peng YS, Ding HC, Lin YT, Syu JP, Chen Y, Wang SM (2012) Uremic toxin p-cresol induces disassembly of gap junctions of cardiomyocytes. Toxicology 302:11\u201317","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"3064_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2013.02.015","volume":"306","author":"YS Peng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Peng YS, Lin YT, Wang SD, Hung KY, Chen Y, Wang SM (2013) p-cresol induces disruption of cardiomyocyte adherens junctions. Toxicology 306:176\u2013184","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"3064_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2012.09.002","volume":"36","author":"AM Persico","year":"2013","unstructured":"Persico AM, Napolioni V (2013) Urinary p-cresol in autism spectrum disorder. Neurotoxicol Teratol 36:82\u201390","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol Teratol"},{"key":"3064_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00300113","volume":"8","author":"R Poesen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Poesen R, Viaene L, Verbeke K, Claes K, Bammens B, Sprangers B, Naesens M, Vanrenterghem Y, Kuypers D, Evenepoel P, Meijers B (2013) Renal clearance and intestinal generation of p-cresyl sulfate and indoxyl sulfate in CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 8:1508\u20131514","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3064_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-15-87","volume":"15","author":"R Poesen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Poesen R, Viaene L, Verbeke K, Augustijns P, Bammens B, Claes K, Kuypers D, Evenepoel P, Meijers B (2014) Cardiovascular disease relates to intestinal uptake of p-cresol in patients with chronic kidney disease. BMC Nephrol 15:87","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"3064_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00160116","volume":"11","author":"R Poesen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Poesen R, Evenepoel P, de Loor H, Kuypers D, Augustijns MB (2016) Metabolism, protein binding, and renal clearance of microbiota-derived p-cresol in patients with CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 11:1136\u20131144","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3064_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2016.08.011","volume":"57","author":"KJ Portune","year":"2016","unstructured":"Portune KJ, Beaumont M, Davila AM, Tom\u00e9 D, Blachier F, Sanz Y (2016) Gut microbiota role in dietary protein metabolism and health-related outcomes: the two sides of the coin. Trends in Food Sci Technol 57:213\u2013232","journal-title":"Trends in Food Sci Technol"},{"key":"3064_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2019.06.033","volume":"1764","author":"AJ Prokopienko","year":"2019","unstructured":"Prokopienko AJ, West RE, Stubbs JR, Nolin TD (2019) Development and validation of a UHPLC-MS\/MS method for measurement of a gut-derived uremic toxin panel in human serum: an application in patients with kidney disease. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1764:618\u2013624","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"key":"3064_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.42.6.620","volume":"42","author":"BS Ramakrishna","year":"1989","unstructured":"Ramakrishna BS, Gee D, Weiss A, Pannall P, Roberts-Thomson IC, Roediger WE (1989) Estimation of phenolic conjugation by colonic mucosa. J Clin Pathol 42:620\u2013623","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"3064_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1160\/TH16-12-0943","volume":"117","author":"VC Ridger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ridger VC, Boulanger CM, Angelillo-Scherrer A, Badimon L, Blanc-Brude O, Bochaton-Piallat ML, Boilard E, Buzas EI, Caporali A, Dignat-George F, Evans PC, Lacroix R, Lutgens E, Ketelhuth DFJ, Nieuwland R, Toti F, Tunon J, Weber C, Hoefer IE (2017) Microvesicles in vascular homeostasis and diseases. Position paper of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) working group on atherosclerosis and vascular biology. Thromb Haemost 117:1296\u20131316","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"3064_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfaa072","volume":"176","author":"Y Rong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rong Y, Kiang TKL (2020) Characterizations of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes in the conjugation of p-cresol. Toxicol Sci 176:285\u2013296","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"3064_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199901143400207","volume":"340","author":"R Ross","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ross R (1999) Atherosclerosis: an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 340:115\u2013126","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3064_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-017-1445-8","volume":"57","author":"I Rowland","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rowland I, Gibson G, Heinken A, Scott K, Swann J, Thiele I, Tuohy K (2018) Gut microbiota functions: metabolism of nutrients and food components. Eur J Nutr 57:1\u201324","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"3064_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"fiy125","DOI":"10.1093\/femsec\/fiy125","volume":"94","author":"Y Saito","year":"2018","unstructured":"Saito Y, Sato T, Nomoto K, Tsuji H (2018) Identification of phenol- and p-cresol-producing intestinal bacteria by using media supplemented with tyrosine and its metabolites. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 94:fiy125","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Ecol"},{"key":"3064_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2014.09.002","volume":"25","author":"YA Salmean","year":"2015","unstructured":"Salmean YA, Segal MS, Palii SP, Dahl WJ (2015) Fiber supplementation lowers plasma p-cresol in chronic kidney disease patients. J Ren Nutr 25:316\u2013320","journal-title":"J Ren Nutr"},{"key":"3064_CR200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sanchez de Medina F, Romero-Calvo I, Mascaraque C, Martinez-Augustin O (2014) Intestinal inflammation and mucosal barrier function. Inflamm Bowel Dis 20:2394\u20132404","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000204"},{"key":"3064_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1159\/000245639","volume":"29","author":"E Schepers","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schepers E, Glorieux G, Vanholder R (2010) The gut: the forgotten organ in uremia? Blood Purif 29:130\u2013136","journal-title":"Blood Purif"},{"key":"3064_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5786","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6125786","volume":"6","author":"S Schippa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schippa S, Conte MP (2014) Dysbiotic events in gut microbiota: impact on human health. Nutrients 6:5786\u20135805","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"3064_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.05.012","volume":"92","author":"T Shafi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shafi T, Sirich TL, Meyer TW, Hostetter TH, Plummer NS, Hwang S, Melamed ML, Banerjee T, Coresh J, Powe NR (2017) Results of the HEMO Study suggest that p-cresol sulfate and indoxyl sulfate are not associated with cardiovascular outcomes. Kidney Int 92:1484\u20131492","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3064_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2018.05.007","volume":"190","author":"SR Sharma","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sharma SR, Gonda X, Tarazi FI (2018) Autism spectrum disorder: classification, diagnosis and therapy. Pharmacol Ther 190:91\u2013104","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"3064_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2013.154","volume":"84","author":"TL Sirich","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sirich TL, Aronov PA, Plummer NS, Hostetter TH, Meyer TW (2013) Numerous protein-bound solutes are cleared by the kidney with high efficiency. Kidney Int 84:585\u2013590","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3064_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2013060597","volume":"25","author":"TL Sirich","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sirich TL, Funk BA, Plummer NS, Hostetter TH, Meyer TW (2014) Prominent accumulation in hemodialysis patients of solutes normally cleared by tubular secretion. J Am Soc Nephrol 25:615\u2013622","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3064_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2016.11.002","volume":"91","author":"TL Sirich","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sirich TL, Fong K, Larive B, Beck GJ, Chertow GM, Levin NW, Kliger AS, Plummer NS, Meyer TW (2017) Limited reduction in uremic solute concentrations with increased dialysis frequency and time in the frequent hemodialysis network daily trial. Kidney Int 91:1186\u20131192","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3064_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34026","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034026","volume":"7","author":"CY Sun","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sun CY, Chang SC, Wu MS (2012) Uremic toxins induce kidney fibrosis by activating intrarenal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system associated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. PLoS ONE 7:e34026","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3064_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfs133","volume":"28","author":"CY Sun","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sun CY, Hsu HH, Wu MS (2013) p-cresol sulfate and indoxyl sulfate induce similar cellular inflammatory gene expressions in cultured proximal renal tubular cells. Nephrol Dial Transplant 28:70\u201378","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"3064_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77722","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.20773","volume":"8","author":"CY Sun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sun CY, Cheng ML, Pan HC, Lee JH, Lee CC (2017) Protein-bound uremic toxins impaired mitochondrial dynamics and functions. Oncotarget 8:77722\u201377733","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"3064_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1080\/1745039X.2017.1291202","volume":"71","author":"M Taciak","year":"2017","unstructured":"Taciak M, Barszcz M, Swiech E, Tusnio A, Bachanek I (2017) Interactive effects of protein and carbohydrates on production of microbial metabolites in the large intestine of growing pigs. Arch Anim Nutr 71:192\u2013209","journal-title":"Arch Anim Nutr"},{"key":"3064_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.3934\/Neuroscience.2020003","volume":"7","author":"G Tevzadze","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tevzadze G, Zhuravliova E, Barbakadze T, Shanshiashvili L, Dzneladze D, Nanobashvili Z, Lordkipanidze T, Mikeladze D (2020) Gut neurotoxin p-cresol induces differential expression of GLUN2B and GLUN2A subunits of the NMDA receptor in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens in healthy and audiogenic seizure-prone rats. AIMS Neurosci 7:30\u201342","journal-title":"AIMS Neurosci"},{"key":"3064_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327914nc5101_7","volume":"51","author":"S Toden","year":"2005","unstructured":"Toden S, Bird AR, Topping DL, Conlon MA (2005) Resistant starch attenuates colonic DNA damage induced by higher dietary protein in rats. Nutr Cancer 51:45\u201351","journal-title":"Nutr Cancer"},{"key":"3064_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1996.0485","volume":"243","author":"Y Tsuruta","year":"1996","unstructured":"Tsuruta Y, Watanabe S, Inoue H (1996) Fluorometric determination of phenol and p-cresol in urine by precolumn high-performance liquid chromatography using 4-(N-phthalimidinyl)benzenesulfonylchloride. Anal Biochem 243:86\u201391","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"3064_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00924.x","volume":"63","author":"R Vanholder","year":"2003","unstructured":"Vanholder R, De Smet R, Glorieux G, Argil\u00e9s A, Baurmeister U, Brunet P, Clark W, Cohen G, De Deyn PP, Deppisch R, Descamps-Latscha B, Henle T, J\u00f6rres A, Lemke HD, Massy ZA, Passlick-Deetjen J, Rodriguez M, Stegmayr B, Stenvinkel P, Tetta C, Wanner C, Zidek W, European Uremic Toxin Work group (EU Tox) (2003) Review on uremic toxins: classification, concentration, and interindividual variability. Kidney Int 63:1934\u20131943","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3064_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2007121377","volume":"19","author":"R Vanholder","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vanholder R, Baurmeister U, Brunet P, Cohen G, Glorieux G, Jankowski J, European Uremic Toxin Group Work Group (2008) A bench to bedside view of uremic toxins. J Am Soc Nephrol 19:863\u2013870","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3064_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2013101062","volume":"25","author":"R Vanholder","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vanholder R, Schepers E, Pletinck A, Nagler EV, Glorieux G (2014) The uremic toxicity of indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate: a systematic review. J Am Soc Nephrol 25:1897\u20131907","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3064_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-017-1736-4","volume":"134","author":"M Varghese","year":"2017","unstructured":"Varghese M, Keshay N, Jacot-Descombes S, Warda T, Wicinski B, Dickstein DL, Harony-Nicolas H, De Rubeis S, Drapeau E, Buxbaum JD, Hof PR (2017) Autism spectrum disorder: neuropathology and animal models. Acta Neuropathol 134:537\u2013566","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"3064_CR136","first-page":"608","volume":"80","author":"ND Vaziri","year":"1985","unstructured":"Vaziri ND, Dure-Smith B, Miller R, Mirahmadi MK (1985) Pathology of gastrointestinal tract in chronic hemodialysis patients: an autopsy study of 78 cases. Am J Gastroenterol 80:608\u2013611","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"3064_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2686","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfr624","volume":"27","author":"ND Vaziri","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vaziri ND, Yuan J, Rahimi A, Ni Z, Said H, Subramanian VS (2012) Disintegration of colonic epithelial tight junction in uremia: a likely cause of CKD-associated inflammation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 27:2686\u20132693","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"3064_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfv095","volume":"31","author":"ND Vaziri","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vaziri ND, Zhao YY, Pahl MV (2016) Altered intestinal microbial flora and impaired epithelial barrier structure and function in CKD: the nature, mechanisms, consequences and potential treatment. Nephrol Dial Transplant 31:737\u2013746","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"3064_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2012.448","volume":"83","author":"H Watanabe","year":"2013","unstructured":"Watanabe H, Miyamoto Y, Honda D, Tanaka H, Wu Q, Endo M, Noguchi T, Kadowaki D, Ishima Y, Kotani S, Nakajima M, Kataoka K, Kim-Mitsuyama S, Tanaka M, Fukagawa M, Otagiri M, Maruyama T (2013) p-cresyl sulfate causes renal tubular cell damage by inducing oxidative stress by activation of NADPH oxidase. Kidney Int 83:582\u2013592","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3064_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)65816-3","volume":"348","author":"DC Wheeler","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wheeler DC (1996) Cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic renal failure. Lancet 348:1673\u20131674","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3064_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.175","volume":"104","author":"HRT Williams","year":"2009","unstructured":"Williams HRT, Cox IJ, Walker DG, North BV, Patel VM, Marshall SE, Jewell DP, Ghosh S, Thomas HJW, Teare JP, Jakobovits S, Zeki S, Welsh KI, Taylor-Robinson SD, Orchard TR (2009) Characterization of inflammatory bowel disease with urinary metabolic profiling. Am J Gastroenterol 104:1435\u20131444","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"3064_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2206","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201400298","volume":"58","author":"K Windey","year":"2014","unstructured":"Windey K, Fran\u00e7ois I, Broekaert W, De Preter V, Delcour JA, Louat T, Herman J, Verbeke K (2014) High dose of prebiotics reduces fecal water cytotoxicity in healthy subjects. Mol Nutr Food Res 58:2206\u20132218","journal-title":"Mol Nutr Food Res"},{"key":"3064_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3574","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.6b00656","volume":"64","author":"X Wong","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wong X, Carrasco-Pozo C, Escobar E, Navarrete P, Blachier F, Andriamihaja M, Lan A, Tom\u00e9 D, Cires MJ, Pastene E, Gotteland M (2016) Deleterious effect of p-cresol on human colonic epithelial cells prevented by proanthocyanidin-containing polyphenol extracts from fruits and proanthocyanidin bacterial metabolites. J Agric Food Chem 64:3574\u20133583","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"3064_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfq580","volume":"26","author":"IW Wu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wu IW, Hsu KH, Lee CC, Sun CY, Hsu HJ, Tsai CJ, Tzen CY, Wang YC, Lin CY, Wu MS (2011) p-cresyl sulphate and indoxyl sulphate predict progression of chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 26:938\u2013947","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"3064_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfr453","volume":"27","author":"IW Wu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wu IW, Hsu KH, Hsu HJ, Lee CC, Sun CY, Tsai CJ, Wu MS (2012) Serum free p-cresyl sulfate levels predict cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in elderly hemodialysis patients: a prospective cohort study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 27:1169\u20131175","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"3064_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4939","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-04949-2","volume":"7","author":"W Wu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wu W, Bush KT, Nigam SK (2017) Key role for the organic anion transporters, OAT1 and OAT3, in the in vivo handling of uremic toxins and solutes. Sci Rep 7:4939","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3064_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.2174\/1566524015666150330142807","volume":"15","author":"H Yamamoto","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yamamoto H, Hagino Y, Kasai S, Ikeda K (2015) Specific roles of NMDA receptor subunits in mental disorders. Curr Mol Med 15:193\u2013205","journal-title":"Curr Mol Med"},{"key":"3064_CR148","first-page":"1867","volume":"33","author":"Z Yan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yan Z, Zhong HM, Maher N, Torres R, Leo GC, Caldwell GW, Huebert N (2005) Bioactivation of 4-methylphenol (p-cresol) via cytochrome P450-mediated aromatic oxidation in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos 33:1867\u20131876","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"3064_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13456","volume":"43","author":"CK Yao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yao CK, Muir JG, Gibson PR (2016) Review article: insights into colonic protein fermentation, its modulation and potential health implications. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 43:181\u2013196","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"3064_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(94)90387-5","volume":"254","author":"S Yehuda","year":"1994","unstructured":"Yehuda S, Carasso RL, Mostofsky DI (1994) Essential fatty acid preparation (SR-3) raises the sizure threshold in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 254:193\u2013198","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"3064_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2018.04.019","volume":"150","author":"D Yi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yi D, Monteiro EB, Chambert S, Soula HA, Daleprane JB, Soulage CO (2018) Determination of the binding properties of p-cresyl glucuronide to human serum albumin. Biochimie 150:1\u20137","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"3064_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2252","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-11-0046","volume":"75","author":"Y Ying","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ying Y, Yang K, Liu Y, Chen QJ, Shen WF, Lu L, Zhang RY (2011) A uremic solute, p-cresol, inhibits the proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells via the p38 pathway. Circ J 75:2252\u20132259","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"3064_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2019.02.019","volume":"1110\u20131111","author":"Y Zeng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zeng Y, Lin Y, Li L, Li Y, Zhang X, Wang M, Chen Y, Luo L, Lu B, Xie Z, Liao Q (2019) Targeted metabolomics for the quantitative measurement of 9 gut microbiota-host cometabolites in rat serum, urine and feces by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 1110\u20131111:133\u2013143","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci"},{"key":"3064_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.03.030","volume":"74","author":"Q Zhou","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhou Q, Sheng M (2013) NMDA receptors in nervous system diseases. Neuropharmacology 74:69\u201375","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"3064_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4323","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfs382","volume":"27","author":"JZ Zhu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhu JZ, Zhang J, Yang K, Du R, Jing YJ, Lu L, Zhang RY (2012) p-cresol, but not p-cresylsulphate, disrupts endothelial progenitor cell function in vitro. Nephrol Dial Transplant 27:4323\u20134330","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"}],"container-title":["Amino Acids"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00726-021-03064-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00726-021-03064-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00726-021-03064-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T03:18:23Z","timestamp":1675653503000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00726-021-03064-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]]},"references-count":155,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["3064"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00726-021-03064-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0939-4451","1438-2199"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0939-4451","type":"print"},{"value":"1438-2199","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 May 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 August 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 September 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Research involving human participants and animals"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}