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Furthermore, narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) has serious negative impacts on an individual's health, society, and the economy. Currently, many sleep centers lack the means to measure orexin levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. We aimed to analyze the characteristics of metabolite changes in patients with NT1, measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry. A principal component analysis (PCA), an orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> tests, and volcano plots were used to construct a model of abnormal metabolic pathways in narcolepsy. We identified molecular changes in serum specimens from narcolepsy patients and compared them with control groups, including dehydroepiandrosterone, epinephrine, N-methyl-D-aspartic acid, and other metabolites, based on an OPLS-loading plot analysis. Nine metabolites yielded an area under the receiver operating curve\u2009&gt;\u20090.75. Meanwhile, seven abnormal metabolic pathways were correlated with differential metabolites, such as metabolic pathways; neuroactive ligand\u2012receptor interaction; and glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism. To our knowledge, this is the first study to reveal the characteristic metabolite changes in sera from NT1 patients for the selection of potential blood biomarkers and the elucidation of NT1 pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-023-03315-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T02:01:11Z","timestamp":1694311271000},"page":"1247-1259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Serum metabolomics study of narcolepsy type 1 based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Qingqing","family":"Zhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuqing","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liying","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongmin","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6392-3174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1981-0818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liang","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"3315_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/22.6.757","volume":"22","author":"KM Beusterien","year":"1999","unstructured":"Beusterien KM, Rogers AE, Walsleben JA, Emsellem HA, Reblando JA, Wang L, Goswami M, Steinwald B (1999) Health-related quality of life effects of modafinil for treatment of narcolepsy. 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