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These signs are non-invasive and are commonly employed in dermatoscopic examinations. Despite their clinical salience, the underlying etiology precipitating this hair breakage remains largely uncharted territory. Our exhaustive review of the existing literature points to a pivotal role for cysteine\u2014a key amino acid central to hair growth\u2014in these mechanisms. This review will probe and deliberate upon the implications of aberrant cysteine metabolism in the pathogenesis of AA. It will examine the potential intersections of cysteine metabolism with autophagy, ferroptosis, immunity, and psychiatric manifestations associated with AA. Such exploration could illuminate new facets of the disease's pathophysiology, potentially paving the way for innovative therapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-024-03395-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T16:01:46Z","timestamp":1716307306000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Dissecting hair breakage in alopecia areata: the central role of dysregulated cysteine homeostasis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Wen","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dongfan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiuzu","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"3395_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2023.103510","author":"A Alsenaid","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alsenaid A et al (2023) Trichoscopy pattern and evaluation of serum vitamin D status in alopecia areata. 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