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The intervention group participated in an 8-session online MBSR program, delivered twice weekly (40\u00a0min per session), while the control group received no intervention. Data were collected using the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS), the Childbirth Fear - Prior to Pregnancy Scale (CF-PPS), and the Psychological Well-being Scale (PWBS). Between-group differences were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusting for baseline values, and effect sizes were reported using partial eta-squared (\u03b7\u00b2). The trial was retrospectively registered (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06942169).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The MBSR intervention was associated with statistically significant improvements in all outcomes compared to the control group. Adjusted analyses indicated a significant reduction in premenstrual symptom severity (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001, \u03b7\u00b2=0.117) and fear of childbirth (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001, \u03b7\u00b2=0.125), as well as a significant increase in psychological well-being (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001, \u03b7\u00b2=0.285). These findings correspond to moderate effect sizes for PMSS and CF-PPS and a relatively large effect size for PWBS.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings suggest that MBSR may be an effective non-pharmacological intervention for reducing premenstrual symptoms, decreasing pre-pregnancy fear of childbirth, and improving psychological well-being in women experiencing PMS. However, the results should be interpreted with caution due to the short-term nature of the assessment and the absence of long-term follow-up data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-026-01737-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T05:51:46Z","timestamp":1781848306000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction training on fear of childbirth and psychological well-being in women experiencing premenstrual syndrome: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Aysel","family":"Akbeniz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esra","family":"Sabanc\u0131 Baransel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"1737_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2373","DOI":"10.2147\/JMDH.S327893","volume":"14","author":"AM Al-Shahrani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Al-Shahrani AM, Miskeen E, Shroff F, Elnour S, Algahtani R, Youssry I, Ahmed S (2021) Premenstrual syndrome and its impact on the quality of life of female medical students at Bisha University, Saudi Arabia. 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