{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T07:09:09Z","timestamp":1789024149985,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784246400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001779","name":"Monash University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001779","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Womens Ment Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Relationship satisfaction is a key factor in women\u2019s mental health and wellbeing outcomes, however, relationship satisfaction may change in times of stress and uncertainty, such as the perinatal period. While positive romantic relationships during the perinatal period may offer benefits, changes in relationship satisfaction and what may contribute to them longitudinally is not currently well understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred and fifty-seven women in late pregnancy (~\u200930 weeks gestation) took part in a longitudinal analysis of relationship satisfaction from pregnancy to five years postpartum, across eight timepoints. The study is a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial of sleep and diet intervention. Latent growth modelling was used to examine the trajectory of relationship satisfaction change over time and explore predictors of this trajectory.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There was a significant decline in relationship satisfaction both during pregnancy and the postpartum. Being of non-White race was associated with overall lower relationship satisfaction (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004). While being less financially comfortable (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.007), having less than a postgraduate degree (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.049), and older age (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.026) were associated with steeper decrease in relationship satisfaction during the postpartum.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrates that relationship satisfaction declines from pregnancy to five years postpartum in a sample of Australian mothers. Minority race, financial comfortability, education level and age may influence the magnitude of this trajectory. These findings highlight a need to better support couples during this challenging time, not just through pregnancy and birth, but also through early childhood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-026-01746-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T07:38:50Z","timestamp":1784273930000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Trajectory and predictors of maternal relationship satisfaction from pregnancy to five years postpartum"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Meagan E","family":"Crowther","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sienna Cherry O. W","family":"Starkie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donna M.","family":"Pinnington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean P. A","family":"Drummond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9660-6573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bei","family":"Bei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1746_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12625","volume":"49","author":"L Astbury","year":"2022","unstructured":"Astbury L, Bennett C, Pinnington DM, Bei B (2022) Does breastfeeding influence sleep? A longitudinal study across the first two postpartum years. Birth 49(3):540\u2013548. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/birt.12625","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"1746_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.10.080","volume":"370","author":"L Astbury","year":"2025","unstructured":"Astbury L, Pinnington DM, Milgrom J, Bei B (2025) The longitudinal trajectory of depression and anxiety across the perinatal period. J Affect Disord 370:1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2024.10.080","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"1746_CR3","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics (2021) Education and work, Australia. https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/statistics\/people\/education\/education-and-work-australia\/may-2021"},{"issue":"4","key":"1746_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1111\/pere.12011","volume":"20","author":"D Be","year":"2013","unstructured":"Be D, Whisman MA, Uebelacker LA (2013) Prospective associations between marital adjustment and life satisfaction. Personal Relationships 20(4):728\u2013739. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pere.12011","journal-title":"Personal Relationships"},{"issue":"1","key":"1746_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2014.11.011","volume":"10","author":"B Bei","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bei B, Coo S, Trinder J (2015) Sleep and mood during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Sleep Med Clin 10(1):25\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsmc.2014.11.011","journal-title":"Sleep Med Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"1746_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-019-2390-8","volume":"19","author":"B Bei","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bei B, Pinnington DM, Shen L, Blumfield M, Drummond SPA, Newman LK, Manber R (2019) A scalable cognitive behavioural program to promote healthy sleep during pregnancy and postpartum periods: protocol of a randomised controlled trial (the SEED project). BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 19(1):254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12884-019-2390-8","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"2","key":"1746_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291721001860","volume":"53","author":"B Bei","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bei B, Pinnington DM, Quin N, Shen L, Blumfield M, Wiley JF, Drummond SPA, Newman LK, Manber R (2021) Improving perinatal sleep via a scalable cognitive behavioural intervention: findings from a randomised controlled trial from pregnancy to 2 years postpartum. Psychol Med 53(2):1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033291721001860","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"1746_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bogdan I, Turliuc MN, Candel OS (2022) Transition to parenthood and marital satisfaction: A Meta-Analysis. Front Psychol 13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.901362","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.901362"},{"issue":"10","key":"1746_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000342","volume":"147","author":"JL B\u00fchler","year":"2021","unstructured":"B\u00fchler JL, Krauss S, Orth U (2021) Development of relationship satisfaction across the life span: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Bull 147(10):1012\u20131053. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/bul0000342","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"issue":"10","key":"1746_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czw065","volume":"31","author":"E Coast","year":"2016","unstructured":"Coast E, Jones E, Lattof SR, Portela A (2016) Effectiveness of interventions to provide culturally appropriate maternity care in increasing uptake of skilled maternity care: a systematic review. Health Policy Plann 31(10):1479\u20131491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/heapol\/czw065","journal-title":"Health Policy Plann"},{"issue":"1","key":"1746_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s40985-020-00121-w","volume":"41","author":"C De Freitas","year":"2020","unstructured":"De Freitas C, Massag J, Amorim M, Fraga S (2020) Involvement in maternal care by migrants and ethnic minorities: a narrative review. Public Health Rev 41(1):5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40985-020-00121-w","journal-title":"Public Health Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"1746_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1037\/a0013969","volume":"96","author":"BD Doss","year":"2009","unstructured":"Doss BD, Rhoades GK, Stanley SM, Markman HJ (2009) The effect of the transition to parenthood on relationship quality: An eight-year prospective study. J Personal Soc Psychol 96(3):601\u2013619. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0013969","journal-title":"J Personal Soc Psychol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1746_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-022-01392-7","volume":"24","author":"P Gopalan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gopalan P, Spada ML, Shenai N, Brockman I, Keil M, Livingston S, Moses-Kolko E, Nichols N, O\u2019Toole K, Quinn B, Glance JB (2022) Postpartum depression\u2014identifying risk and access to intervention. Curr Psychiatry Rep 24(12):889\u2013896. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11920-022-01392-7","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"1746_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1080\/10705511.2017.1402334","volume":"25","author":"MN Hallquist","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hallquist MN, Wiley JF (2018) MplusAutomation: An R package for facilitating large-scale latent variable analyses in Mplus. Struct equation modeling: Multidisciplinary J 25(4):621\u2013638. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10705511.2017.1402334","journal-title":"Struct Equation Modeling: Multidisciplinary J"},{"issue":"5","key":"1746_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1111\/sjop.12915","volume":"64","author":"G Han","year":"2023","unstructured":"Han G, Alfredsson E, Cox L, Psouni E (2023) Variation in coparenting quality in relation to child age: Links to coparents\u2019 relationship satisfaction and education. Scand J Psychol 64(5):632\u2013643. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/sjop.12915","journal-title":"Scand J Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1746_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-014-0040-5","volume":"2","author":"MS Helland","year":"2014","unstructured":"Helland MS, von Soest T, Gustavson K, R\u00f8ysamb E, Mathiesen KS (2014) Long shadows: a prospective study of predictors of relationship dissolution over 17 child-rearing years. BMC Psychol 2(1):40. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40359-014-0040-5","journal-title":"BMC Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1746_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118","volume":"6","author":"L Hu","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hu L, Bentler PM (1999) Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Struct Equation Modeling: Multidisciplinary J 6(1):1\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10705519909540118","journal-title":"Struct Equation Modeling: Multidisciplinary J"},{"issue":"1","key":"1746_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-12-159","volume":"12","author":"S Kildea","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kildea S, Stapleton H, Murphy R, Low NB, Gibbons K (2012) The Murri clinic: a comparative retrospective study of an antenatal clinic developed for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 12(1):159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2393-12-159","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"2","key":"1746_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-2589.2010.00045.x","volume":"2","author":"ES Kluwer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kluwer ES (2010) From partnership to parenthood: A review of marital change across the transition to parenthood. J Family Theory Rev 2(2):105\u2013125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1756-2589.2010.00045.x","journal-title":"J Family Theory Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"1746_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1938","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-020-01727-z","volume":"29","author":"S L\u00e9vesque","year":"2020","unstructured":"L\u00e9vesque S, Bisson V, Charton L, Fernet M (2020) Parenting and relational well-being during the transition to parenthood: Challenges for first-time parents. J Child Fam stud 29(7):1938\u20131956. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10826-020-01727-z","journal-title":"J Child Fam stud"},{"issue":"4","key":"1746_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1037\/a0028901","volume":"26","author":"NC Maisel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Maisel NC, Karney BR (2012) Socioeconomic status moderates associations among stressful events, mental health, and relationship satisfaction. J Fam Psychol 26(4):654\u2013660. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0028901","journal-title":"J Fam Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1746_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1177\/1066480716670141","volume":"24","author":"D Meyer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Meyer D, Robinson B, Cohn A, Gildenblatt L, Barkley S (2016) The possible trajectory of relationship satisfaction across the longevity of a romantic partnership: Is there a golden age of parenting? Family J 24(4):344\u2013350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1066480716670141","journal-title":"Family J"},{"issue":"6","key":"1746_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1037\/a0017004","volume":"43","author":"DM Mitnick","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mitnick DM, Heyman RE, Smith Slep AM (2009) Changes in relationship satisfaction across the transition to parenthood: A meta-analysis. J Family Psychology: JFP: J Div Family Psychol Am Psychol Association (Division 43(6):848\u2013852. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0017004. 23","journal-title":"J Family Psychology: JFP: J Div Family Psychol Am Psychol Association (Division"},{"key":"1746_CR23","unstructured":"Muth\u00e9n LK, Muth\u00e9n BO (2023) Mplus user\u2019s guide. Eighth Edition. Muth\u00e9n & Muth\u00e9n"},{"issue":"1","key":"1746_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164420926231","volume":"81","author":"G Pavlov","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pavlov G, Maydeu-Olivares A, Shi D (2021) Using the standardized root mean squared residual (SRMR) to assess exact fit in structural equation models. Educ Psychol Meas 81(1):110\u2013130. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0013164420926231","journal-title":"Educ Psychol Meas"},{"issue":"3","key":"1746_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191111411667","volume":"18","author":"PA Pilkonis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pilkonis PA, Choi SW, Reise SP, Stover AM, Riley WT, Cella D, PROMIS Cooperative Group (2011) Item banks for measuring emotional distress from the patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS\u00ae): depression, anxiety, and anger. Assessment 18(3):263\u2013283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1073191111411667","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"issue":"1","key":"1746_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.2669","volume":"33","author":"G Porat-Zyman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Porat-Zyman G, Taubman-Ben-Ari O, Spielman V (2017) Dyadic transition to parenthood: A longitudinal assessment of personal growth among parents of pre- and full-term infants. Stress Health 33(1):24\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smi.2669","journal-title":"Stress Health"},{"key":"1746_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Quin N, Lee JJ, Pinnington DM, Newman L, Manber R, Bei B (2022) Differentiating perinatal Insomnia Disorder and sleep disruption: a longitudinal study from pregnancy to 2 years postpartum. Sleep 45(2). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sleep\/zsab293","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsab293"},{"key":"1746_CR36","unstructured":"R Core Team. (2023). R: A language and environment for statistical computing https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/"},{"issue":"1","key":"1746_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031859","volume":"140","author":"TF Robles","year":"2014","unstructured":"Robles TF, Slatcher RB, Trombello JM, McGinn MM (2014) Marital quality and health: a meta-analytic review. Psychol Bull 140(1):140\u2013187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0031859","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"issue":"1","key":"1746_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.17.1.15","volume":"17","author":"S Sabourin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sabourin S, Valois P, Lussier Y (2005) Development and validation of a brief version of the dyadic adjustment scale with a nonparametric item analysis model. Psychol Assess 17(1):15\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/1040-3590.17.1.15","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"issue":"9","key":"1746_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0000376","volume":"73","author":"D Saxbe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Saxbe D, Rossin-Slater M, Goldenberg D (2018) The transition to parenthood as a critical window for adult health. Am Psychol 73(9):1190\u20131200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/amp0000376","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1746_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-9338(97)83297-X","volume":"12","author":"DV Sheehan","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Harnett Sheehan K, Janavs J, Weiller E, Keskiner A, Schinka J, Knapp E, Sheehan MF, Dunbar GC (1997) The validity of the mini international neuropsychiatric interview (MINI) according to the SCID-P and its reliability. Eur Psychiatry 12(5):232\u2013241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0924-9338(97)83297-X","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"1746_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1080\/08870446.2020.1766040","volume":"36","author":"H Tissera","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tissera H, Auger E, S\u00e9guin L, Kramer MS, Lydon JE (2021) Happy prenatal relationships, healthy postpartum mothers: a prospective study of relationship satisfaction, postpartum stress, and health. Psychol Health 36(4):461\u2013477. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08870446.2020.1766040","journal-title":"Psychol Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"1746_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-3737.2003.00574.x","volume":"65","author":"JM Twenge","year":"2003","unstructured":"Twenge JM, Campbell WK, Foster CA (2003) Parenthood and marital satisfaction: A meta-analytic review. J Marriage Fam 65(3):574\u2013583. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1741-3737.2003.00574.x","journal-title":"J Marriage Fam"},{"issue":"3","key":"1746_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14021","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.14021","volume":"33","author":"S Verma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Verma S, Pinnington DM, Manber R, Bei B (2024) Sleep\u2013wake timing and chronotype in perinatal periods: longitudinal changes and associations with insomnia symptoms, sleep-related impairment, and mood from pregnancy to 2 years postpartum. J Sleep Res 33(3):e14021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jsr.14021","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"}],"container-title":["Archives of Women's Mental Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00737-026-01746-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00737-026-01746-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00737-026-01746-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T07:04:59Z","timestamp":1789023899000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00737-026-01746-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["1746"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00737-026-01746-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1434-1816","1435-1102"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1434-1816","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-1102","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in line with the Australian National Statement on Ethical Conduct in Human Research (2007). Ethics approval was attained from the Royal Women\u2019s Hospital (#16\/01) and Monash University Human Research Ethics Committees (#CF16\/1561\u2013 2016000815).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All participants provided informed consent for themselves and their infant to participate, prior to enrolment in study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed consent to participate in study included consent for publication of de-identified results.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest regarding the current work.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"ACTRN12616001462471","order":5,"name":"Ethics","label":"Clinical trial number","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"109"}}