{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T07:51:02Z","timestamp":1791532262616,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V106B-020, V107B-010, V107C-181, V108B-012, V110C-025, V110B-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V106B-020, V107B-010, V107C-181, V108B-012, V110C-025, V110B-002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V106B-020, V107B-010, V107C-181, V108B-012, V110C-025, V110B-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V106B-020, V107B-010, V107C-181, V108B-012, V110C-025, V110B-002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V106B-020, V107B-010, V107C-181, V108B-012, V110C-025, V110B-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V106B-020, V107B-010, V107C-181, V108B-012, V110C-025, V110B-002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V106B-020, V107B-010, V107C-181, V108B-012, V110C-025, V110B-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V106B-020, V107B-010, V107C-181, V108B-012, V110C-025, V110B-002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V106B-020, V107B-010, V107C-181, V108B-012, V110C-025, V110B-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V106B-020, V107B-010, V107C-181, V108B-012, V110C-025, V110B-002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V106B-020, V107B-010, V107C-181, V108B-012, V110C-025, V110B-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V106B-020, V107B-010, V107C-181, V108B-012, V110C-025, V110B-002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V106B-020, V107B-010, V107C-181, V108B-012, V110C-025, V110B-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V106B-020, V107B-010, V107C-181, V108B-012, V110C-025, V110B-002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V106B-020, V107B-010, V107C-181, V108B-012, V110C-025, V110B-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V106B-020, V107B-010, V107C-181, V108B-012, V110C-025, V110B-002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007354","name":"Yen Tjing Ling Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CI-109-21, CI-109-22, CI-110-30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CI-109-21, CI-109-22, CI-110-30"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007354","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007354","name":"Yen Tjing Ling Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CI-109-21, CI-109-22, CI-110-30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CI-109-21, CI-109-22, CI-110-30"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007354","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007354","name":"Yen Tjing Ling Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CI-109-21, CI-109-22, CI-110-30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CI-109-21, CI-109-22, CI-110-30"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007354","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007354","name":"Yen Tjing Ling Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CI-109-21, CI-109-22, CI-110-30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CI-109-21, CI-109-22, CI-110-30"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007354","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007354","name":"Yen Tjing Ling Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CI-109-21, CI-109-22, CI-110-30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CI-109-21, CI-109-22, CI-110-30"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007354","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007354","name":"Yen Tjing Ling Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CI-109-21, CI-109-22, CI-110-30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CI-109-21, CI-109-22, CI-110-30"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007354","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007354","name":"Yen Tjing Ling Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CI-109-21, CI-109-22, CI-110-30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CI-109-21, CI-109-22, CI-110-30"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007354","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007354","name":"Yen Tjing Ling Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CI-109-21, CI-109-22, CI-110-30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CI-109-21, CI-109-22, CI-110-30"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007354","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["107-2314-B-075-063-MY3, 108-2314-B-075 -037, 110-2314-B-075-026, 110-2314-B-075-024-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107-2314-B-075-063-MY3, 108-2314-B-075 -037, 110-2314-B-075-026, 110-2314-B-075-024-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["107-2314-B-075-063-MY3, 108-2314-B-075 -037, 110-2314-B-075-026, 110-2314-B-075-024-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107-2314-B-075-063-MY3, 108-2314-B-075 -037, 110-2314-B-075-026, 110-2314-B-075-024-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["107-2314-B-075-063-MY3, 108-2314-B-075 -037, 110-2314-B-075-026, 110-2314-B-075-024-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107-2314-B-075-063-MY3, 108-2314-B-075 -037, 110-2314-B-075-026, 110-2314-B-075-024-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["107-2314-B-075-063-MY3, 108-2314-B-075 -037, 110-2314-B-075-026, 110-2314-B-075-024-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107-2314-B-075-063-MY3, 108-2314-B-075 -037, 110-2314-B-075-026, 110-2314-B-075-024-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["107-2314-B-075-063-MY3, 108-2314-B-075 -037, 110-2314-B-075-026, 110-2314-B-075-024-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107-2314-B-075-063-MY3, 108-2314-B-075 -037, 110-2314-B-075-026, 110-2314-B-075-024-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["107-2314-B-075-063-MY3, 108-2314-B-075 -037, 110-2314-B-075-026, 110-2314-B-075-024-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107-2314-B-075-063-MY3, 108-2314-B-075 -037, 110-2314-B-075-026, 110-2314-B-075-024-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["107-2314-B-075-063-MY3, 108-2314-B-075 -037, 110-2314-B-075-026, 110-2314-B-075-024-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107-2314-B-075-063-MY3, 108-2314-B-075 -037, 110-2314-B-075-026, 110-2314-B-075-024-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["107-2314-B-075-063-MY3, 108-2314-B-075 -037, 110-2314-B-075-026, 110-2314-B-075-024-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107-2314-B-075-063-MY3, 108-2314-B-075 -037, 110-2314-B-075-026, 110-2314-B-075-024-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Womens Ment Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-026-01758-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T06:07:34Z","timestamp":1789711654000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Major mental disorders in offspring of mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Fan-Hsuan","family":"Kung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huang-Lung","family":"Tsou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Po-Chun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9987-022X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shih-Jen","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tzeng-Ji","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4136-1251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tien-Wei","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6516-1073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mu-Hong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1138-5586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chih-Sung","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"1758_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2640","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgae488","volume":"109","author":"M Amiri","year":"2024","unstructured":"Amiri M, Hatoum S, Hopkins D, Buyalos RP, Ezeh U, Pace LA, Bril F, Sheidaei A, Azziz R (2024) The Association Between Obesity and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Epidemiologic Study of Observational Data. J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism 109(10):2640\u20132657. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgae488","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism"},{"issue":"3","key":"1758_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2014.48","volume":"20","author":"S Baron-Cohen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Baron-Cohen S, Auyeung B, N\u00f8rgaard-Pedersen B, Hougaard DM, Abdallah MW, Melgaard L, Cohen AS, Chakrabarti B, Ruta L, Lombardo MV (2015) Elevated fetal steroidogenic activity in autism. Mol Psychiatry 20(3):369\u2013376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/mp.2014.48","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1758_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bay B, Mortensen EL, Hvidtj\u00f8rn D, Kesmodel US (2013) Fertility treatment and risk of childhood and adolescent mental disorders: register based cohort study. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 347:f3978. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.f3978","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f3978"},{"key":"1758_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bertozzi G, Sessa F, Albano GD, Sani G, Maglietta F, Roshan MHK, Volti GL, Bernardini R, Avola R, Pomara C, Salerno M (2018) The role of anabolic androgenic steroids in disruption of the physiological function in discrete areas of the central nervous system. Molecular neurobiology 55(7):5548\u20135556. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-017-0774-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-017-0774-1"},{"key":"1758_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Brutocao C, Zaiem F, Alsawas M, Morrow AS, Murad MH, Javed A (2018) Psychiatric disorders in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine 62(2):318\u2013325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-018-1692-3","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-018-1692-3"},{"issue":"1","key":"1758_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.114.152850","volume":"206","author":"CV Calkin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Calkin CV, Ruzickova M, Uher R, Hajek T, Slaney CM, Garnham JS, O\u2019Donovan MC, Alda M (2015) Insulin resistance and outcome in bipolar disorder. Br J Psychiatry 206(1):52\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.bp.114.152850","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"1758_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-022-02122-6","volume":"12","author":"IH Campbell","year":"2022","unstructured":"Campbell IH, Campbell H, Smith DJ (2022) Insulin signaling as a therapeutic mechanism of lithium in bipolar disorder. Translational Psychiatry 12(1):350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-022-02122-6","journal-title":"Translational Psychiatry"},{"key":"1758_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Carson C, Redshaw M, Sacker A, Kelly Y, Kurinczuk JJ, Quigley MA (2013) Effects of pregnancy planning, fertility, and assisted reproductive treatment on child behavioral problems at 5 and 7 years: evidence from the Millennium Cohort Study. Fertility and sterility 99(2):456\u2013463. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.10.029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.10.029"},{"issue":"4","key":"1758_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291719000424","volume":"50","author":"CE Cesta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cesta CE, \u00d6berg AS, Ibrahimson A, Yusuf I, Larsson H, Almqvist C, D\u2019Onofrio BM, Bulik CM, de la Fern\u00e1ndez L, Mataix-Cols D, Land\u00e9n M, Rosenqvist MA (2020) Maternal polycystic ovary syndrome and risk of neuropsychiatric disorders in offspring: prenatal androgen exposure or genetic confounding? Psychol Med 50(4):616\u2013624. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291719000424","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"1758_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.6.1133","volume":"162","author":"S Chakrabarti","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chakrabarti S, Fombonne E (2005) Pervasive Developmental Disorders in Preschool Children: Confirmation of High Prevalence. Am J Psychiatry 162(6):1133\u20131141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.6.1133","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"1758_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-018-0354-x","volume":"16","author":"N Chaudhari","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chaudhari N, Dawalbhakta M, Nampoothiri L (2018) GnRH dysregulation in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a manifestation of an altered neurotransmitter profile. Reproductive Biology Endocrinol 16(1):37. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12958-018-0354-x","journal-title":"Reproductive Biology Endocrinol"},{"key":"1758_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.12.007","volume":"263","author":"S-F Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen S-F, Yang Y-C, Hsu C-Y, Shen Y-C (2020) Risk of bipolar disorder in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A nationwide population-based cohort study. J Affect Disord 263:458\u2013462. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2019.12.007","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"1758_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen MH, Hsu JW, Huang KL, Bai YM, Ko NY, Su TP, Li CT, Lin WC, Tsai SJ, Pan TL, Chang WH, Chen TJ (2018) Sexually transmitted infection among adolescents and young adults with Attention-Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Nationwide Longitudinal Study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 57(1):48\u201353 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaac.2017.09.438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2017.09.438"},{"key":"1758_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen LC, Chen MH, Hsu JW, Huang KL, Bai YM, Chen TJ, Wang PW, Pan TL, Su TP (2020) Association of parental depression with offspring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder: A nationwide birth cohort study. J Affect Disord 277:109\u2013114 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.059","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.059"},{"key":"1758_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen X, Kong L, Piltonen TT, Gissler M, Lavebratt C (2020) Association of polycystic ovary syndrome or anovulatory infertility with offspring psychiatric and mild neurodevelopmental disorders: a Finnish population-based cohort study. Human reproduction (Oxford, England) 35(10):2336\u20132347 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/deaa192","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deaa192"},{"key":"1758_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen MH, Lan WH, Hsu JW, Huang KL, Su TP, Li CT, Lin WC, Tsai CF, Tsai SJ, Lee YC, Chen YS, Pan TL, Chang WH, Chen TJ, Bai YM (2016) Risk of Developing Type 2 diabetes in adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder: A Nationwide Longitudinal Study. Diabetes care 39(5):788\u2013793 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc15-1807","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-1807"},{"key":"1758_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen MH, Hsu JW, Huang KL, Su TP, Li CT, Lin WC, Tsai SJ, Cheng CM, Chang WH, Pan TL, Chen TJ, Bai YM (2019) Risk and coaggregation of major psychiatric disorders among first-degree relatives of patients with bipolar disorder: a nationwide population-based study. Psychol Med 49(14):2397\u20132404 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S003329171800332X","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329171800332X"},{"key":"1758_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Damone AL, Joham AE, Loxton D, Earnest A, Teede HJ, Moran LJ (2019) Depression, anxiety and perceived stress in women with and without PCOS: a community-based study. Psychol Med 49(9):1510\u20131520 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291718002076","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291718002076"},{"issue":"1","key":"1758_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-016-0963-x","volume":"16","author":"KAS Davis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Davis KAS, Sudlow CLM, Hotopf M (2016) Can mental health diagnoses in administrative data be used for research? A systematic review of the accuracy of routinely collected diagnoses. BMC Psychiatry 16(1):263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-016-0963-x","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"1758_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"DeUgarte, C. M., Bartolucci, A. A., & Azziz, R. (2005). Prevalence of insulin resistance in the polycystic ovary syndrome using the homeostasis model assessment. Fertility and sterility, 83(5), 1454\u20131460 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2004.11.070","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2004.11.070"},{"key":"1758_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dubey P, Thakur B, Rodriguez S, Cox J, Sanchez S, Fonseca A, Reddy S, Clegg D, Dwivedi AK (2021) A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between maternal polycystic ovary syndrome and neuropsychiatric disorders in children. Transl psychiatry 11(1):569 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-021-01699-8","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01699-8"},{"key":"1758_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Elsenbruch S, Benson S, Hahn S, Tan S, Mann K, Pleger K, Kimmig R, Janssen OE (2006) Determinants of emotional distress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Human reproduction (Oxford, England) 21(4):1092\u20131099 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/dei409","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dei409"},{"key":"1758_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fernandes BS, Salagre E, Enduru N, Grande I, Vieta E, Zhao Z (2022) Insulin resistance in depression: A large meta-analysis of metabolic parameters and variation. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 139:104758 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104758","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104758"},{"issue":"1","key":"1758_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2021.10.005","volume":"33","author":"S Fulton","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fulton S, D\u00e9carie-Spain L, Fioramonti X, Guiard B, Nakajima S (2022) The menace of obesity to depression and anxiety prevalence. Trends Endocrinol Metabolism 33(1):18\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tem.2021.10.005","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metabolism"},{"key":"1758_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hsu, T. W., Kao, Y. C., Tsai, S. J., Bai, Y. M., Su, T. P., Chen, T. J., Liang, C. S., & Chen, M. H. (2024). Suicide Attempts After a Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome A Cohort Study. Annals of Internal Medicine, 177(3), 335-342 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/M23-2240","DOI":"10.7326\/M23-2240"},{"key":"1758_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Huang JS, Yang FC, Chien WC, Yeh TC, Chung CH, Tsai CK, Tsai SJ, Yang SS, Tzeng NS, Chen MH, Liang CS (2021) Risk of substance use disorder and its associations with comorbidities and psychotropic agents in patients with autism. JAMA pediatrics 175(2):e205371 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.5371","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.5371"},{"issue":"7","key":"1758_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.57.7.1064","volume":"57","author":"JIT Isoj\u00e4rvi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Isoj\u00e4rvi JIT, Tapanainen JS (2000) Valproate, Hyperandrogenism, and Polycystic Ovaries: A Report of 3 Cases. Arch Neurol 57(7):1064\u20131068. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archneur.57.7.1064","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"1758_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jacewicz-\u015awi\u0119cka M and Kowalska I (2018) Polycystic ovary syndrome and the risk of cardiometabolic complications in longitudinal studies. Diabetes\/metabolism research and reviews 34(8):e3054 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dmrr.3054","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3054"},{"key":"1758_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Katsigianni M., Karageorgiou, V., Lambrinoudaki, I., & Siristatidis, C. (2019). Maternal polycystic ovarian syndrome in autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Molecular psychiatry 24(12):1787\u20131797 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-019-0398-0","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0398-0"},{"issue":"9","key":"1758_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.09.022","volume":"82","author":"K Kosidou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kosidou K, Dalman C, Widman L, Arver S, Lee BK, Magnusson C, Gardner RM (2017) Maternal Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Risk for Attention-Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder in the Offspring. Biol Psychiatry 82(9):651\u2013659. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.09.022","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1758_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lai MC, Kassee C, Besney R, Bonato S, Hull L, Mandy W, Szatmari P, Ameis SH (2019) Prevalence of co-occurring mental health diagnoses in the autism population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The lancet. Psychiatry 6(10):819\u2013829 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2215-0366(19)30289-5","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(19)30289-5"},{"issue":"3","key":"1758_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e750","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgae256","volume":"110","author":"IT Lee","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lee IT, Rees J, King S, Kim A, Cherlin T, Hinkle S, Mumford SL, Dokras A (2025) Depression, Anxiety, and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism 110(3):e750\u2013e756. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgae256","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism"},{"key":"1758_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liang CS, Bai YM, Hsu JW, Huang KL, Ko NY, Chu HT, Yeh TC, Tsai SJ, Chen TJ, Chen MH (2020) The risk of sexually transmitted infections following first-episode schizophrenia among adolescents and young adults: A Cohort Study of 220 545 Subjects. Schizophrenia bulletin 46(4):795\u2013803 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/schbul\/sbz126","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbz126"},{"issue":"3","key":"1758_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.2","volume":"67","author":"FS Luppino","year":"2010","unstructured":"Luppino FS, de Wit LM, Bouvy PF, Stijnen T, Cuijpers P, Penninx BW J. H., Zitman FG (2010) Overweight, Obesity, and Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Longitudinal Studies. Arch Gen Psychiatry 67(3):220\u2013229. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.2","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"1758_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Maliqueo M, Lara HE, S\u00e1nchez F, Echibur\u00fa B, Crisosto N, Sir-Petermann T (2013) Placental steroidogenesis in pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 166(2):151\u2013155 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2012.10.015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2012.10.015"},{"key":"1758_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Miller AH, Maletic V, Raison CL (2009) Inflammation and its discontents: the role of cytokines in the pathophysiology of major depression. Biological psychiatry 65(9):732\u2013741 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.11.029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.11.029"},{"key":"1758_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.04.068","volume":"334","author":"A Miola","year":"2023","unstructured":"Miola A, Alvarez-Villalobos NA, Ruiz-Hernandez FG, De Filippis E, Veldic M, Prieto ML, Singh B, Sanchez Ruiz JA, Nunez NA, Resendez MG, Romo-Nava F, McElroy SL, Ozerdem A, Biernacka JM, Frye MA, Cuellar-Barboza AB (2023) Insulin resistance in bipolar disorder: A systematic review of illness course and clinical correlates. J Affect Disord 334:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2023.04.068","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"1758_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Moran LJ, Misso ML, Wild RA, Norman RJ (2010) Impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 16(4):347\u2013363 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humupd\/dmq001","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmq001"},{"key":"1758_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"O'Donnell S, Palmeter S, Laverty M, Lagac\u00e9 C (2022) Accuracy of administrative database algorithms for autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder case ascertainment: a systematic review. Exactitude des algorithmes des bases de donn\u00e9es administratives pour la d\u00e9termination des cas de trouble du spectre de l\u2019autisme, de trouble du d\u00e9ficit de l\u2019attention\/hyperactivit\u00e9 et de trouble du spectre de l\u2019alcoolisation f\u0153tale: revue syst\u00e9matique. Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada: research, policy and practice, 42(9):355\u2013383 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24095\/hpcdp.42.9.01","DOI":"10.24095\/hpcdp.42.9.01"},{"key":"1758_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Reale L, Bartoli B, Cartabia M, Zanetti M, Costantino MA, Canevini MP, Termine C, Bonati M, Lombardy ADHD Group (2017) Comorbidity prevalence and treatment outcome in children and adolescents with ADHD. European child & adolescent psychiatry 26(12):1443\u20131457. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00787-017-1005-z","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-017-1005-z"},{"issue":"2","key":"1758_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.034","volume":"113","author":"SL Robinson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Robinson SL, Ghassabian A, Sundaram R, Trinh M-H, Bell EM, Mendola P, Yeung EH (2020) The associations of maternal polycystic ovary syndrome and hirsutism with behavioral problems in offspring. Fertil Steril 113(2):435\u2013443. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.034","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"11","key":"1758_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.2910","volume":"174","author":"A Rogers","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rogers A, Obst S, Teague SJ, Rossen L, Spry EA, Macdonald JA, Sunderland M, Olsson CA, Youssef G, Hutchinson D (2020) Association Between Maternal Perinatal Depression and Anxiety and Child and Adolescent Development: A Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr 174(11):1082\u20131092. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.2910","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"8","key":"1758_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-021-00498-x","volume":"17","author":"T Scherer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Scherer T, Sakamoto K, Buettner C (2021) Brain insulin signalling in metabolic homeostasis and disease. Nat Reviews Endocrinol 17(8):468\u2013483. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41574-021-00498-x","journal-title":"Nat Reviews Endocrinol"},{"key":"1758_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Simonoff E, Pickles A, Charman T, Chandler S, Loucas T, Baird G (2008) Psychiatric disorders in children with autism spectrum disorders: prevalence, comorbidity, and associated factors in a population-derived sample. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 47(8):921\u2013929 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CHI.0b013e318179964f","DOI":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e318179964f"},{"key":"1758_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Solmi M, Radua J, Olivola M, Croce E, Soardo L, Salazar de Pablo G, Il Shin J, Kirkbride JB, Jones P, Kim JH, Kim JY, Carvalho AF, Seeman MV, Correll CU, Fusar-Poli P (2022) Age at onset of mental disorders worldwide: large-scale meta-analysis of 192 epidemiological studies. Molecular psychiatry 27(1):281\u2013295 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-021-01161-7","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01161-7"},{"key":"1758_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tata B, Mimouni NEH, Barbotin AL, Malone SA, Loyens A, Pigny P, Dewailly D, Catteau-Jonard S, Sundstr\u00f6m-Poromaa I, Piltonen TT, Dal Bello F, Medana C, Prevot V, Clasadonte J, Giacobini P (2018) Elevated prenatal anti-M\u00fcllerian hormone reprograms the fetus and induces polycystic ovary syndrome in adulthood. Nature medicine 24(6):834\u2013846 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-018-0035-5","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0035-5"},{"key":"1758_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Teede HJ, Khomami MB, Morman R, Laven JSE, Joham AE, Costello MF, Patil M, Rees DA, Berry L, Cree MG, Zhao H, Norman RJ, Dokras A, Piltonen T, Global Name Change Consortium (2026) Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome, the new name for polycystic ovary syndrome: a multistep global consensus process. Lancet (London, England) 407(10545):2329\u20132339 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(26)00717-8","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(26)00717-8"},{"key":"1758_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang Y, Ni, Z, Li K (2021) The prevalence of anxiety and depression of different severity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis. Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology 37(12):1072\u20131078 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09513590.2021.1942452","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2021.1942452"},{"key":"1758_CR52","unstructured":"Williams SL (2023) The psychology of PCOS: Building the science and breaking the silence (Psychology of Women Series). American Psychological Association https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/dp\/B0B6Z4VQ13"},{"key":"1758_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Williams RL (2000) A note on robust variance estimation for cluster-correlated data. Biometrics 56(2):645\u2013646 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.0006-341x.2000.00645.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0006-341x.2000.00645.x"},{"issue":"8","key":"1758_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1210\/js.2019-00078","volume":"3","author":"SF Witchel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Witchel SF, Oberfield SE, Pe\u00f1a AS (2019) Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Presentation, and Treatment With Emphasis on Adolescent Girls. J Endocr Soc 3(8):1545\u20131573. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/js.2019-00078","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"key":"1758_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Lu D, Guo VY, Wang Y, Qiu S, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Chen W, Wang B, Yang W (2023) Association between maternal polycystic ovary syndrome and attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder in offspring aged 3-6 years: A Chinese population-based study. Frontiers in public health 10:1032315 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2022.1032315","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.1032315"},{"key":"1758_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang B, Wang HE, Bai YM, Tsai SJ, Su TP, Chen TJ, Wang YP, Chen MH (2021) Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with higher dementia risk: a nationwide longitudinal study. Gut 70(1):85\u201391 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-320789","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-320789"}],"container-title":["Archives of Women's Mental Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00737-026-01758-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00737-026-01758-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00737-026-01758-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T07:34:21Z","timestamp":1791531261000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00737-026-01758-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["1758"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00737-026-01758-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1434-1816","1435-1102"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1434-1816","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-1102","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Approval was obtained from the ethics committee of the Taipei Veterans General Hospital.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study protocol was reviewed and accepted by the Institutional Review Board of Taipei Veterans General Hospital.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical information","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"126"}}