{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T09:25:18Z","timestamp":1779269118476,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]],"date-time":"2012-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351728000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,28]],"date-time":"2012-08-28T09:34:37Z","timestamp":1346146477000},"page":"730-736","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Pronounced risk of nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head among cigarette smokers who have never used oral corticosteroids: a multicenter case\u2013control study in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Shinji","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wakaba","family":"Fukushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Hirota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshikazu","family":"Kubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yukihide","family":"Iwamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.I.00575","article-title":"The natural history of untreated asymptomatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a systematic literature review","volume":"92","author":"Mont","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2715","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-010-1292-x","article-title":"Nationwide epidemiologic survey of idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head","volume":"468","author":"Fukushima","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.E.01041","article-title":"Nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: ten years later","volume":"88","author":"Mont","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116706","article-title":"Association of alcohol intake, cigarette smoking, and occupational status with the risk of idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head","volume":"137","author":"Hirota","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198809000-00021","article-title":"Influence of alcohol intake, cigarette smoking, and occupational status on idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head","volume":"234","author":"Matsuo","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0035","first-page":"327","article-title":"Avascular necrosis of the femoral head: etiology, pathophysiology, classification, and current treatment guidelines","volume":"33","author":"Aldridge","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Orthop."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0040","first-page":"654","article-title":"Risk factors for osteonecrosis in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"24","author":"Mont","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1007\/s00776-003-0716-9","article-title":"Risk factors for nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head after renal transplantation","volume":"8","author":"Inoue","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Orthop Sci."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0050","first-page":"1968","article-title":"Multifocal osteonecrosis","volume":"25","author":"LaPorte","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.6.37","article-title":"Flushing pattern and idiopathic avascular necrosis of the femoral head","volume":"6","author":"Shibata","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.2739\/kurumemedj.50.121","article-title":"A case\u2013control study of association between life-style, alcohol dehydrogenase 2 and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 genotype and idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head","volume":"50","author":"Sakata","year":"2003","journal-title":"Kurume Med J."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2460","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.F.01421","article-title":"Association between the T-786C eNOS polymorphism and idiopathic osteonecrosis of the head of the femur","volume":"89","author":"Glueck","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20164","article-title":"Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms in patients with nontraumatic femoral head osteonecrosis","volume":"24","author":"Koo","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Orthop Res."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s00776-009-1439-3","article-title":"Multicenter Case\u2013Control Study Group. Impact of oral corticosteroid use for idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a nationwide multicenter case-control study in Japan","volume":"15","author":"Sakaguchi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Orthop Sci."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.81B4.9393","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a multicentre study","volume":"81-B","author":"Sugano","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0085","series-title":"Health-net: tobacco or health","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(98)00070-2","article-title":"Nitric oxide synthase in bone cells","volume":"23","author":"Fox","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bone."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2138","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30365","article-title":"Osteonecrosis development in a novel rat model characterized by a single application of oxidative stress","volume":"63","author":"Ichiseki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthr Rheum."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh518","article-title":"DNA oxidation injury in bone early after steroid administration is involved in the pathogenesis of steroid-induced osteonecrosis","volume":"44","author":"Ichiseki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/s00776-007-1129-y","article-title":"Osteonecrosis in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats: effect of glucocorticoid","volume":"12","author":"Murata","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Orthop Sci."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2009.02.007","article-title":"Glucocorticoids in osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a new understanding of the mechanisms of action","volume":"114","author":"Kerachian","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780401119","article-title":"Effects of pulse methylprednisolone on bone and marrow tissues: corticosteroid-induced osteonecrosis in rabbits","volume":"40","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arthr Rheum."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(01)00663-9","article-title":"Bone marrow fat cell enlargement and a rise in intraosseous pressure in steroid-treated rabbits with osteonecrosis","volume":"30","author":"Miyanishi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bone."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1007\/s12192-010-0249-z","article-title":"Effect of cigarette smoke and dexamethasone on Hsp72 system of alveolar epithelial cells","volume":"16","author":"G\u00e1l","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Stress Chaperones."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2008.01.007","article-title":"Molecular mechanism of reduction in pregnenolone synthesis by cigarette smoke","volume":"229","author":"Bose","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.82.1.33","article-title":"Misclassification of smoking status in the CARDIA study: a comparison of self-report with serum cotinine levels","volume":"82","author":"Wagenknecht","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Public Health."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1080\/1354750031000120125","article-title":"Cotinine levels and self-reported smoking status in patients attending a bronchoscopy clinic","volume":"8","author":"Lewis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biomarkers."},{"key":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2003.12.006","article-title":"Accuracy of self-reported smoking status among participants in a chemoprevention trial","volume":"38","author":"Mart\u00ednez","year":"2004","journal-title":"Prev Med."}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0949265815305844?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0949265815305844?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.springerlink.com\/index\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T18:11:27Z","timestamp":1643307087000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0949265815305844"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0949265815305844"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00776-012-0293-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0949-2658"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0949-2658","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}}}