{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:27:20Z","timestamp":1792427240807,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,4]],"date-time":"2017-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1499126400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Oral Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-017-2164-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,4]],"date-time":"2017-07-04T16:08:55Z","timestamp":1499184535000},"page":"47-55","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Estimated prevalence of halitosis: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Manuela F.","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1bio R. M.","family":"Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larissa B.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nat\u00e1lia M.","family":"Pola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank A.","family":"Scannapieco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1vio F.","family":"Demarco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo G.","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2164_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12474","volume":"42","author":"M Aimetti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aimetti M, Perotto S, Castiglione A, Ercoli E, Romano F (2015) Prevalence estimation of halitosis and its association with oral health-related parameters in an adult population of a city in North Italy. J Clin Periodontol 42:1105\u20131114. doi:\n10.1111\/jcpe.12474","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"2164_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0155592","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0155592","volume":"11","author":"X Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen X, Zhang Y, Lu HX, Feng XP (2016) Factors associated with halitosis in white-collar employees in Shanghai, China. PLoS One 11:e0155592. doi:\n10.1371\/journal.pone.0155592","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2164_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2011.01890.x","volume":"18","author":"C Scully","year":"2012","unstructured":"Scully C, Greenman J (2012) Halitology (breath odour: aetiopathogenesis and management). Oral Dis 18:333\u2013345. doi:\n10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2011.01890.x","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"2164_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2009.01478.x","volume":"36","author":"M Quirynen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Quirynen M, Dadamio J, Van den Velde S, De Smit M, Dekeyser C, Van Tornout M, Vandekerckhove B (2009) Characteristics of 2000 patients who visited a halitosis clinic. J Clin Periodontol 36:970\u2013975. doi:\n10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2009.01478.x","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"2164_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-007-0486-8","volume":"23","author":"F Struch","year":"2008","unstructured":"Struch F, Schwahn C, Wallaschofski H, Grabe HJ, Volzke H, Lerch MM, Meisel P, Kocher T (2008) Self-reported halitosis and gastro-esophageal reflux disease in the general population. J Gen Intern Med 23:260\u2013266. doi:\n10.1007\/s11606-007-0486-8","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"880\u2013886","key":"2164_CR6","first-page":"888","volume":"21","author":"K Yaegaki","year":"2000","unstructured":"Yaegaki K, Coil JM (2000) Genuine halitosis, pseudo-halitosis, and halitophobia: classification, diagnosis, and treatment. Compend Contin Educ Dent 21(880\u2013886):888\u2013889 quiz 890","journal-title":"Compend Contin Educ Dent"},{"key":"2164_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2007.060384","volume":"78","author":"K Miller","year":"2007","unstructured":"Miller K, Eke PI, Schoua-Glusberg A (2007) Cognitive evaluation of self-report questions for surveillance of periodontitis. J Periodontol 78:1455\u20131462. doi:\n10.1902\/jop.2007.060384","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"2164_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12111","volume":"71","author":"S Geest De","year":"2016","unstructured":"De Geest S, Laleman I, Teughels W, Dekeyser C, Quirynen M (2016) Periodontal diseases as a source of halitosis: a review of the evidence and treatment approaches for dentists and dental hygienists. Periodontol 71:213\u2013227. doi:\n10.1111\/prd.12111","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"2164_CR9","first-page":"73","volume":"24","author":"B Soder","year":"2000","unstructured":"Soder B, Johansson B, Soder PO (2000) The relation between foetor ex ore, oral hygiene and periodontal disease. Swed Dent J 24:73\u201382","journal-title":"Swed Dent J"},{"key":"2164_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S178","DOI":"10.4103\/2231-0762.149033","volume":"4","author":"MM Hammad","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hammad MM, Darwazeh AM, Al-Waeli H, Tarakji B, Alhadithy TT (2014) Prevalence and awareness of halitosis in a sample of Jordanian population. J Int Soc Prev Commun Dent 4:S178\u2013S186. doi:\n10.4103\/2231-0762.149033","journal-title":"J Int Soc Prev Commun Dent"},{"key":"2164_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-8-34","volume":"8","author":"S Settineri","year":"2010","unstructured":"Settineri S, Mento C, Gugliotta SC, Saitta A, Terranova A, Trimarchi G, Mallamace D (2010) Self-reported halitosis and emotional state: impact on oral conditions and treatments. Health Qual Life Outcomes 8:34. doi:\n10.1186\/1477-7525-8-34","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"key":"2164_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000097","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","volume":"6","author":"D Moher","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, Group P (2009) Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med 6:e1000097. doi:\n10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2164_CR13","volume-title":"Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers\u2019 Manual: 2014 edition\/supplement","author":"JBI","year":"2014","unstructured":"JBI (2014) Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers\u2019 Manual: 2014 edition\/supplement. The Joanna Briggs Institute, Adelaide"},{"key":"2164_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13103","volume":"104","author":"KG Peres","year":"2015","unstructured":"Peres KG, Cascaes AM, Nascimento GG, Victora CG (2015) Effect of breastfeeding on malocclusions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Paediatr 104:54\u201361. doi:\n10.1111\/apa.13103","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"2164_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-016-1187-9","volume":"17","author":"T Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang T, Liu K, Li Z, Xu Y, Liu Y, Shi W, Chen L (2017) Prevalence of attention deficit\/hyperactivity disorder among children and adolescents in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry 17:32. doi:\n10.1186\/s12888-016-1187-9","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"2164_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2","volume":"7","author":"R DerSimonian","year":"1986","unstructured":"DerSimonian R, Laird N (1986) Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials 7:177\u2013188","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"key":"2164_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7124.61","volume":"316","author":"M Egger","year":"1998","unstructured":"Egger M, Smith GD (1998) Bias in location and selection of studies. BMJ 316:61\u201366","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2164_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2005.10.002","volume":"34","author":"JM Al-Ansari","year":"2006","unstructured":"Al-Ansari JM, Boodai H, Al-Sumait N, Al-Khabbaz AK, Al-Shammari KF, Salako N (2006) Factors associated with self-reported halitosis in Kuwaiti patients. J Dent 34:444\u2013449. doi:\n10.1016\/j.jdent.2005.10.002","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"key":"2164_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.2009.00630.x","volume":"117","author":"MM Bornstein","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bornstein MM, Kislig K, Hoti BB, Seemann R, Lussi A (2009) Prevalence of halitosis in the population of the city of Bern, Switzerland: a study comparing self-reported and clinical data. Eur J Oral Sci 117:261\u2013267. doi:\n10.1111\/j.1600-0722.2009.00630.x","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Sci"},{"key":"2164_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-016-0189-9","volume":"16","author":"A Jongh de","year":"2016","unstructured":"de Jongh A, van Wijk AJ, Horstman M, de Baat C (2016) Self-perceived halitosis influences social interactions. BMC Oral Health 16:31. doi:\n10.1186\/s12903-016-0189-9","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"2164_CR21","first-page":"785","volume":"22","author":"J Frexinos","year":"1998","unstructured":"Frexinos J, Denis P, Allemand H, Allouche S, Los F, Bonnelye G (1998) Descriptive study of digestive functional symptoms in the French general population. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 22:785\u2013791","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin Biol"},{"key":"2164_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0140214","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0140214","volume":"10","author":"SY Kim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim SY, Sim S, Kim SG, Park B, Choi HG (2015) Prevalence and associated factors of subjective halitosis in Korean adolescents. PLoS One 10:e0140214. doi:\n10.1371\/journal.pone.0140214","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2164_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2005.00862.x","volume":"33","author":"XN Liu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Liu XN, Shinada K, Chen XC, Zhang BX, Yaegaki K, Kawaguchi Y (2006) Oral malodor-related parameters in the Chinese general population. J Clin Periodontol 33:31\u201336. doi:\n10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2005.00862.x","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"2164_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1995.66.8.679","volume":"66","author":"H Miyazaki","year":"1995","unstructured":"Miyazaki H, Sakao S, Katoh Y, Takehara T (1995) Correlation between volatile sulphur compounds and certain oral health measurements in the general population. J Periodontol 66:679\u2013684. doi:\n10.1902\/jop.1995.66.8.679","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"2164_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.4103\/1119-3077.158974","volume":"18","author":"SO Nwhator","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nwhator SO, Isiekwe GI, Soroye MO, Agbaje MO (2015) Bad-breath: perceptions and misconceptions of Nigerian adults. Niger J Clin Pract 18:670\u2013675. doi:\n10.4103\/1119-3077.158974","journal-title":"Niger J Clin Pract"},{"key":"2164_CR26","first-page":"159","volume":"54","author":"M Ueno","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ueno M, Yanagisawa T, Shinada K, Ohara S, Kawaguchi Y (2007) Prevalence of oral malodor and related factors among adults in Akita Prefecture. J Med Dent Sci 54:159\u2013165","journal-title":"J Med Dent Sci"},{"key":"2164_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/idj.12153","volume":"65","author":"A Vali","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vali A, Roohafza H, Keshteli AH, Afghari P, Javad Shirani M, Afshar H, Savabi O, Adibi P (2015) Relationship between subjective halitosis and psychological factors. Int Dent J 65:120\u2013126. doi:\n10.1111\/idj.12153","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"key":"2164_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2011.00425.x","volume":"60","author":"PE Petersen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Petersen PE, Ogawa H (2012) The global burden of periodontal disease: towards integration with chronic disease prevention and control. Periodontol 60:15\u201339","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"2164_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2011.00405.x","volume":"60","author":"WM Thomson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Thomson WM, Sheiham A, Spencer AJ (2012) Sociobehavioral aspects of periodontal disease. Periodontol 60:54\u201363. doi:\n10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2011.00405.x","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"2164_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12417","volume":"42","author":"GG Nascimento","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nascimento GG, Leite FR, Do LG, Peres KG, Correa MB, Demarco FF, Peres MA (2015) Is weight gain associated with the incidence of periodontitis? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 42:495\u2013505. doi:\n10.1111\/jcpe.12417","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"2164_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"h3942","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h3942","volume":"351","author":"J Lv","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lv J, Qi L, Yu C, Yang L, Guo Y, Chen Y, Bian Z, Sun D, Du J, Ge P, Tang Z, Hou W, Li Y, Chen J, Chen Z, Li L, China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group (2015) Consumption of spicy foods and total and cause specific mortality: population based cohort study. BMJ 351:h3942. doi:\n10.1136\/bmj.h3942","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"4 Suppl","key":"2164_CR32","first-page":"S4","volume":"185","author":"LC Tapsell","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tapsell LC, Hemphill I, Cobiac L et al (2006) Health benefits of herbs and spices: the past, the present, the future. Med J Aust 185(4 Suppl):S4\u201324","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"2164_CR33","volume-title":"Global status report on alcohol and health","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2014","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2014) Global status report on alcohol and health, 2014th edn. World Health Organization, Geneve","edition":"2014"},{"key":"2164_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0b013e328348c054","volume":"14","author":"SR Porter","year":"2011","unstructured":"Porter SR (2011) Diet and halitosis. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 14:463\u2013468. doi:\n10.1097\/MCO.0b013e328348c054","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"key":"2164_CR35","first-page":"31","volume":"59","author":"N Suzuki","year":"2009","unstructured":"Suzuki N, Yoneda M, Naito T, Iwamoto T, Yamada K, Hisama K, Okada I, Hirofuji T (2009) The relationship between alcohol consumption and oral malodour. Int Dent J 59:31\u201334","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"key":"2164_CR36","first-page":"97","volume":"9","author":"W Scherer","year":"1998","unstructured":"Scherer W, Gultz J, Lee SS, Kaim J (1998) The ability of an herbal mouthrinse to reduce gingival bleeding. J Clin Dent 9:97\u2013100","journal-title":"J Clin Dent"},{"key":"2164_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-016-1905-5","volume":"33","author":"IA Freires","year":"2016","unstructured":"Freires IA, Rosalen PL (2016) How natural product research has contributed to oral care product development? A critical view. Pharm Res 33:1311","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"key":"2164_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1590\/S1806-83242011000500015","volume":"25","author":"CK R\u00f6sing","year":"2011","unstructured":"R\u00f6sing CK, Loesche W (2011) Halitosis: an overview of epidemiology, etiology and clinical management. Braz Oral Res 25:466\u2013471","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res"},{"key":"2164_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2002.280111.x","volume":"28","author":"WJ Loesche","year":"2002","unstructured":"Loesche WJ, Kazor C (2002) Microbiology and treatment of halitosis. Periodontol 28:256\u2013279","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"2164_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2006.01248.x","volume":"13","author":"AC Donaldson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Donaldson AC, Riggio MP, Rolph HJ, Bagg J, Hodge PJ (2007) Clinical examination of subjects with halitosis. Oral Dis 13:63\u201370","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"2164_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"046005","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7155\/7\/4\/046005","volume":"7","author":"J Dadamio","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dadamio J, Laleman I, De Geest S, Vancauwenberghe F, Dekeyser C, Coucke W, Quirynen M (2013) Usefulness of a new malodour-compound detection portable device in oral malodour diagnosis. J Breath Res 7:046005","journal-title":"J Breath Res"},{"key":"2164_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2009.01473.x","volume":"36","author":"B Vandekerckhove","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vandekerckhove B, Van den Velde S, De Smit M, Dadamio J, Teughels W, Van Tornout M, Quirynen M (2009) Clinical reliability of non-organoleptic oral malodour measurements. J Clin Periodontol 36:964\u2013969","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"2164_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.080310","volume":"80","author":"MM Bornstein","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bornstein MM, Stocker BL, Seemann R, B\u00fcrgin WB, Lussi A (2009) Prevalence of halitosis in young male adults: a study in Swiss army recruits comparing self-reported and clinical data. J Periodontol 80:24\u201331. doi:\n10.1902\/jop.2009.080310","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"2164_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-89102011005000033","volume":"45","author":"AM Cascaes","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cascaes AM, Peres KG, Peres MA, Demarco FF, Santos I, Matijasevich A, Barros AJ (2011) Validity of 5-year-old children\u2019s oral hygiene pattern referred by mothers. Rev Saude Publica 45:668\u2013675","journal-title":"Rev Saude Publica"},{"key":"2164_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.6-6-559","volume":"6","author":"M Marmot","year":"2006","unstructured":"Marmot M (2006) Health in an unequal world: social circumstances, biology and disease. Clin Med 6:559\u2013572","journal-title":"Clin Med"}],"container-title":["Clinical Oral Investigations"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00784-017-2164-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-017-2164-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-017-2164-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T22:50:22Z","timestamp":1514847022000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00784-017-2164-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,4]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}},"alternative-id":["2164"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-017-2164-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-6981","1436-3771"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-6981","type":"print"},{"value":"1436-3771","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,4]]}}}