{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T05:08:40Z","timestamp":1768194520716,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,18]],"date-time":"2017-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1500336000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Oral Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-017-2177-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,18]],"date-time":"2017-07-18T15:34:22Z","timestamp":1500392062000},"page":"971-980","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Soft tissue profile changes after Functional Mandibular Advancer or Herbst appliance treatment in class II patients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Jan","family":"Hourfar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg Alexander","family":"Lisson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Frye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gero Stefan Michael","family":"Kinzinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2177_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sodo.2005.10.005","volume":"12","author":"SE Bishara","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bishara SE (2006) Class II malocclusions: diagnostic and clinical considerations with and without treatment. Semin Orthod 12:11\u201324","journal-title":"Semin Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR2","first-page":"712","volume":"76","author":"C Flores-Mir","year":"2006","unstructured":"Flores-Mir C, Major MP, Major PW (2006) Soft tissue changes with fixed functional appliances in class II division 1. Angle Orthod 76:712\u2013720","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cju071","volume":"37","author":"V Koretsi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Koretsi V, Zymperdikas VF, Papageorgiou SN, Papadopoulos MA (2015) Treatment effects of removable functional appliances in patients with class II malocclusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Orthod 37:418\u2013434","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR4","unstructured":"Kinzinger GSM, Lisson JA, Frye L, Gross U, Hourfar J (2017) A retrospective cephalometric investigation of two fixed functional orthodontic appliances in class II treatment: Functional Mandibular Advancer vs. Herbst appliance. Clin Oral Investig 1\u201312"},{"key":"2177_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/16.4.275","volume":"16","author":"H Pancherz","year":"1994","unstructured":"Pancherz H, Anehus-Pancherz M (1994) Facial profile changes during and after Herbst appliance treatment. Eur J Orthod 16:275\u2013286","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR6","first-page":"284","volume":"40","author":"H Peck","year":"1970","unstructured":"Peck H, Peck S (1970) A concept of facial esthetics. Angle Orthod 40:284\u2013318","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(79)90227-6","volume":"76","author":"H Pancherz","year":"1979","unstructured":"Pancherz H (1979) Treatment of class II malocclusions by jumping the bite with the Herbst appliance. A cephalometric investigation. Am J Orthod 76:423\u2013442","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-002-0118-1","volume":"63","author":"G Kinzinger","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kinzinger G, Ostheimer J, F\u00f6rster F, Kwandt PB, Reul H, Diedrich P (2002) Development of a new fixed functional appliance for treatment of skeletal class II malocclusion first report. J Orofac Orthop 63:384\u2013399","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"2177_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1053\/sodo.2003.34020","volume":"9","author":"H Pancherz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pancherz H (2003) History, background, and development of theHerbst appliance. Semin Orthod 9:3\u201311","journal-title":"Semin Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR10","first-page":"1515","volume":"43","author":"E Herbst","year":"1934","unstructured":"Herbst E (1934) Drei\u00dfigj\u00e4hrige Erfahrungen mit dem Retentions-Scharnier. Zahn\u00e4rztl Rundsch 43:1515\u20131524","journal-title":"Zahn\u00e4rztl Rundsch"},{"key":"2177_CR11","first-page":"1563","volume":"43","author":"E Herbst","year":"1934","unstructured":"Herbst E (1934) Drei\u00dfigj\u00e4hrige Erfahrungen mit dem Retentions-Scharnier. Zahn\u00e4rztl Rundsch 43:1563\u20131568","journal-title":"Zahn\u00e4rztl Rundsch"},{"key":"2177_CR12","first-page":"1611","volume":"34","author":"E Herbst","year":"1934","unstructured":"Herbst E (1934) Drei\u00dfigj\u00e4hrige Erfahrungen mit dem Retentions-Scharnier. Zahn\u00e4rztl Rundsch 34:1611\u20131616","journal-title":"Zahn\u00e4rztl Rundsch"},{"key":"2177_CR13","volume-title":"The Herbst appliance: research-based clinical management","author":"H Pancherz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pancherz H, Ruf S (2008) The Herbst appliance: research-based clinical management. Quintessence, Chicago"},{"key":"2177_CR14","first-page":"696","volume":"39","author":"GS Kinzinger","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kinzinger GS, Diedrich PR (2005) Bite jumping with the Functional Mandibular Advancer. J Clin Orthod 39:696\u2013700","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(85)90169-1","volume":"87","author":"H Pancherz","year":"1985","unstructured":"Pancherz H (1985) The Herbst appliance\u2014its biologic effects and clinical use. Am J Orthod 87:1\u201320","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(99)70285-4","volume":"115","author":"S Ruf","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ruf S, Pancherz H (1999) Temporomandibular joint remodeling in adolescents and young adults during Herbst treatment: a prospective longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging and cephalometric radiographic investigation. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 115:607\u2013618","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"2177_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-009-9938-6","volume":"70","author":"L Frye","year":"2009","unstructured":"Frye L, Diedrich PR, Kinzinger GS (2009) Class II treatment with fixed functional orthodontic appliances before and after the pubertal growth peak - a cephalometric study to evaluate differential therapeutic effects. J Orofac Orthop 70:511\u2013527","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"2177_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-007-0650-0","volume":"68","author":"G Kinzinger","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kinzinger G, Kober C, Diedrich P (2007) Topography and morphology of the mandibular condyle during fixed functional orthopedic treatment\u2014a magnetic resonance imaging study. J Orofac Orthop 68:124\u2013147","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"2177_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-009-0821-2","volume":"70","author":"G Kinzinger","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kinzinger G, Frye L, Diedrich P (2009) Class II treatment in adults: comparing camouflage orthodontics, dentofacial orthopedics and orthognathic surgery\u2014a cephalometric study to evaluate various therapeutic effects. J Orofac Orthop 70:63\u201391","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"2177_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjv034","volume":"38","author":"VF Zymperdikas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zymperdikas VF, Koretsi V, Papageorgiou SN, Papadopoulos MA (2016) Treatment effects of fixed functional appliances in patients with class II malocclusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Orthod 38:113\u2013126","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR21","first-page":"239","volume":"69","author":"S Ruf","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ruf S, Pancherz H (1999) Dentoskeletal effects and facial profile changes in young adults treated with the Herbst appliance. Angle Orthod 69:239\u2013246","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjq187","volume":"35","author":"A Baysal","year":"2013","unstructured":"Baysal A, Uysal T (2013) Soft tissue effects of twin block and Herbst appliances in patients with class II division 1 mandibular retrognathy. Eur J Orthod 35:71\u201381","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR23","first-page":"121","volume":"9","author":"MR Almeida de","year":"2008","unstructured":"de Almeida MR, Flores-Mir C, Brandao AG, de Almeida RR, de Almeida-Pedrin RR (2008) Soft tissue changes produced by a banded-type Herbst appliance in late mixed dentition patients. World J Orthod 9:121\u2013131","journal-title":"World J Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cji116","volume":"28","author":"S Ruf","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ruf S, Pancherz H (2006) Herbst\/multibracket appliance treatment of class II division 1 malocclusions in early and late adulthood. A prospective cephalometric study of consecutively treated subjects. Eur J Orthod 28:352\u2013360","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-005-0524-2","volume":"66","author":"G Kinzinger","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kinzinger G, Diedrich P (2005) Skeletal effects in class II treatment with the Functional Mandibular Advancer (FMA)? J Orofac Orthop 66:469\u2013490","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"2177_CR26","volume-title":"A manual of facial growth: a computer analysis of longitudinal cephalometric growth data","author":"SN Bhatia","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bhatia SN, Leighton BC (1993) A manual of facial growth: a computer analysis of longitudinal cephalometric growth data. Oxford University Press, Oxford"},{"key":"2177_CR27","unstructured":"IRCP (2001) Radiation and your patient\u2014a guide for medical practitioners. ICRP Supporting Guidance 2. Available at: http:\/\/www.icrp.org\/publication.asp?id=ICRP%20Supporting%20Guidance%202 . Accessed: 2016-15-03. Ann IRCP 31"},{"key":"2177_CR28","volume-title":"Statistical methods for medical and biological students","author":"G Dahlberg","year":"1940","unstructured":"Dahlberg G (1940) Statistical methods for medical and biological students. Interscience Publications, New York"},{"key":"2177_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(78)90225-7","volume":"73","author":"PA Lines","year":"1978","unstructured":"Lines PA, Lines RR, Lines CA (1978) Profilemetrics and facial esthetics. Am J Orthod 73:648\u2013657","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(67)90022-X","volume":"53","author":"CJ Burstone","year":"1967","unstructured":"Burstone CJ (1967) Lip posture and its significance in treatment planning. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 53:262\u2013284","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"2177_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000000385","volume":"134","author":"HH Sinno","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sinno HH, Markarian MK, Ibrahim AM, Lin SJ (2014) The ideal nasolabial angle in rhinoplasty: a preference analysis of the general population. Plast Reconstr Surg 134:201\u2013210","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2177_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1698915","volume":"5","author":"EA Gunay","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gunay EA, Arun T, Nalbantgil D (2011) Evaluation of the immediate dentofacial changes in late adolescent patients treated with the Forsus FRD. Eur J Dent 5:423\u2013432","journal-title":"Eur J Dent"},{"key":"2177_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1698965","volume":"6","author":"MO Oztoprak","year":"2012","unstructured":"Oztoprak MO, Nalbantgil D, Uyanlar A, Arun T (2012) A cephalometric comparative study of class II correction with Sabbagh Universal Spring (SUS(2)) and Forsus FRD appliances. Eur J Dent 6:302\u2013310","journal-title":"Eur J Dent"},{"key":"2177_CR34","first-page":"237","volume":"4","author":"A Uyanlar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Uyanlar A, Nalbantgil D, Arun T (2014) Evaluation of dentofacial changes caused with Sabbagh Universal Spring in mandibular retrognathic patients: a pilot study. Dentistry 4:237","journal-title":"Dentistry"},{"key":"2177_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-011-0068-6","volume":"73","author":"P Meyer-Marcotty","year":"2012","unstructured":"Meyer-Marcotty P, Kochel J, Richter U, Richter F (2012) Reaction of facial soft tissues to treatment with a Herbst appliance. J Orofac Orthop 73:116\u2013125","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"2177_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2004.01.029","volume":"127","author":"E Tatarunaite","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tatarunaite E, Playle R, Hood K, Shaw W, Richmond S (2005) Facial attractiveness: a longitudinal study. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 127:676\u2013682","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"2177_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.08.023","volume":"134","author":"TM Xu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Xu TM, Korn EL, Liu Y, Oh HS, Lee KH, Boyd RL, Baumrind S (2008) Facial attractiveness: ranking of end-of-treatment facial photographs by pairs of Chinese and US orthodontists. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 134:74\u201384","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"2177_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.2319\/032509-176.1","volume":"80","author":"SK Varl\u0131k","year":"2010","unstructured":"Varl\u0131k SK, Demirbas E, Orhan M (2010) Influence of lower facial height changes on frontal facial attractiveness and perception of treatment need by lay people. Angle Orthod 80:1159\u20131164","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-014-0210-3","volume":"75","author":"J Bremen von","year":"2014","unstructured":"von Bremen J, Erbe C, Pancherz H, Ruf S (2014) Facial-profile attractiveness changes in adult patients treated with the Herbst appliance. J Orofac Orthop 75:167\u2013174","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"2177_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2013.01.014","volume":"41","author":"S Mees","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mees S, Jimenez Bellinga R, Mommaerts MY, De Pauw GA (2013) Preferences of AP position of the straight Caucasian facial profile. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 41:755\u2013763","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"2177_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2011.07.031","volume":"114","author":"FB Naini","year":"2012","unstructured":"Naini FB, Donaldson AN, McDonald F, Cobourne MT (2012) Assessing the influence of lower facial profile convexity on perceived attractiveness in the orthognathic patient, clinician, and layperson. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 114:303\u2013311","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"key":"2177_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2004.02.011","volume":"126","author":"S Ruf","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ruf S, Pancherz H (2004) Orthognathic surgery and dentofacial orthopedics in adult class II division 1 treatment: mandibular sagittal split osteotomy versus Herbst appliance. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 126:140\u2013152","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"2177_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-012-0112-1","volume":"74","author":"JW Booij","year":"2013","unstructured":"Booij JW, Goeke J, Bronkhorst EM, Katsaros C, Ruf S (2013) Class II treatment by extraction of maxillary first molars or Herbst appliance: dentoskeletal and soft tissue effects in comparison. J Orofac Orthop 74:52\u201363","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"2177_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.2319\/031107-123.1","volume":"78","author":"GA Barnett","year":"2008","unstructured":"Barnett GA, Higgins DW, Major PW, Flores-Mir C (2008) Immediate skeletal and dentoalveolar effects of the crown- or banded type Herbst appliance on class II division 1 malocclusion. Angle Orthod 78:361\u2013369","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(82)90489-4","volume":"82","author":"H Pancherz","year":"1982","unstructured":"Pancherz H (1982) The mechanism of class II correction in Herbst appliance treatment. A cephalometric investigation. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 82:104\u2013113","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"2177_CR46","first-page":"1","volume":"1","author":"I Aras","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aras I, Pasaoglu A, Olmez S, Unal I, Tuncer AV, Aras A (2016) Comparison of stepwise vs single-step advancement with the Functional Mandibular Advancer in class II division 1 treatment. Angle Orthod 1:1","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(87)90391-X","volume":"91","author":"MF Talass","year":"1987","unstructured":"Talass MF, Talass L, Baker RC (1987) Soft-tissue profile changes resulting from retraction of maxillary incisors. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 91:385\u2013394","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"2177_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(60)90172-X","volume":"46","author":"RM Ricketts","year":"1960","unstructured":"Ricketts RM (1960) Cephalometric synthesis. Am J Orthod 46:647\u2013673","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR49","first-page":"499","volume":"75","author":"AL Ramos","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ramos AL, Sakima MT, Pinto Ados S, Bowman SJ (2005) Upper lip changes correlated to maxillary incisor retraction\u2014a metallic implant study. Angle Orthod 75:499\u2013505","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(72)90175-3","volume":"61","author":"HG Hershey","year":"1972","unstructured":"Hershey HG (1972) Incisor tooth retraction and subsequent profile change in postadolescent female patients. Am J Orthod 61:45\u201354","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"015","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-015-0082-0","volume":"16","author":"V Nanda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nanda V, Gutman B, Bar E, Alghamdi S, Tetradis S, Lusis AJ, Eskin E, Moon W (2015) Quantitative analysis of 3-dimensional facial soft tissue photographic images: technical methods and clinical application. Prog Orthod 16:015\u20130082","journal-title":"Prog Orthod"},{"key":"2177_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.04.021","volume":"137","author":"LHC Cevidanes","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cevidanes LHC, Motta A, Proffit WR, Ackerman JL, Styner M (2010) Cranial base superimposition for 3D evaluation of soft tissue changes. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 137:S120\u2013S129","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"}],"container-title":["Clinical Oral Investigations"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00784-017-2177-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-017-2177-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-017-2177-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T21:40:12Z","timestamp":1602538812000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00784-017-2177-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,18]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]}},"alternative-id":["2177"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-017-2177-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-6981","1436-3771"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-6981","type":"print"},{"value":"1436-3771","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,18]]}}}