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No histopathological evidence for bone auto-fluorescence is currently available, and thus, any differences from tetracycline-fluorescence remain unclear. Therefore, the goals of this study were to find out if macroscopic and histological differences occur between the auto- and tetracycline-fluorescence in the delineation of viable and necrotic jawbone in the mini-pig.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>According to the proof of concept, osteonecrosis was provoked in eight G\u00f6ttingen minipigs. Pigs were divided into two groups (AF group: no fluorochrome label; TF group: tetracycline label). Delineation of necrosis and viable bone was evaluated in vivo and in vitro macro\u2212\/microscopically, correlated to fluorescence properties and compared between the two study groups.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>No macroscopic and microscopic clinical differences were seen in fluorescence between the AF and TF groups. Macroscopic and microscopic viable bone fluoresced green, whereas necrotic bone showed no or only pale fluorescence in both groups. The auto-fluorescence was attributable to the arrangements and structure of collagen and the cell-filled bone lacunae.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Neither in vivo nor in vitro macroscopically differences are apparent between the auto-fluorescence and the tetracycline-fluorescence of bone. The auto-fluorescence is attributable to the arrangements and structure of collagen and the cell-filled bone lacunae. Tetracycline-fluorescence is a mixture of tetracycline (at the bone edges with increased bone formation) and large components of auto-fluorescence.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Clinical relevance<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Because auto-fluorescence is easy to apply, reproducible, and does not rely on the subjective impression of the surgeon, it promises to be an important standardized alternative to tetracycline-labeled MRONJ therapy.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03332-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]],"date-time":"2020-05-22T04:02:45Z","timestamp":1590120165000},"page":"4625-4637","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Differences between auto-fluorescence and tetracycline-fluorescence in medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw\u2014a preclinical proof of concept study in the mini-pig"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3911-262X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver","family":"Ristow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Nehrbass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Zeiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Arens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julius","family":"Moratin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Pautke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Freudlsperger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Otto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"3332_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2018.06.007","volume":"69","author":"S Otto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Otto S, Pautke C, Van den Wyngaert T, Niepel D, Schiodt M (2018) Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: prevention, diagnosis and management in patients with cancer and bone metastases. 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Arch Oral Biol 36(3):233\u2013238. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0003-9969(91)90091-8","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Oral Investigations"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-020-03332-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00784-020-03332-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-020-03332-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]],"date-time":"2021-05-21T23:37:11Z","timestamp":1621640231000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00784-020-03332-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3332"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-020-03332-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-6981","1436-3771"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-6981","type":"print"},{"value":"1436-3771","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 February 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 May 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 May 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"Oliver Ristow declares that he has no conflict of interest. OR has received honoraria for scientific talks from Amgen. Dirk Nehrbass declares that he has no conflict of interest. Stephan Zeiter declares that he has no conflict of interest. Daniel Arens declares that he has no conflict of interest. Julius Moratin declares that he has no conflict of interest. Christoph Pautke declares that he has no conflict of interest. CP has received honoraria for scientific talks from Amgen. J\u00fcrgen Hoffmann declares that he has no conflict of interest. Christian Freudlsperger declares that he has no conflict of interest. Sven Otto declares that he has no conflict of interest. SO has received honoraria for scientific talks from Amgen and the AO.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All applicable international, national, and\/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. The study was approved by the cantonal Animal Welfare Commission (authorization number: 28\/2016) of Grisons (Switzerland) and conducted in an AAALAC International approved facility.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"For this type of study, formal consent is not required.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}