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This study aimed to investigate factors affecting the number of selected periopathogens in a young cohort of females with PCOS and to assess the association between oral hygiene, subgingival microbiome, gingival health, and metabolic and hormonal parameters.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Thirty-two subjects with PCOS and twenty-three healthy controls aged 15\u201319\u00a0years were examined periodontally by a calibrated dentist. A real-time PCR method was used for the identification of 9 subgingival microorganisms. Subjects with PCOS underwent blood tests for determination of FSH, LH, total testosterone, DHEA-S, estradiol, SHBG, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and lipid profile.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Gingival index (GI), the proportion of bleeding sites (BOP%), probing depth (PD), and plaque index (PLI) did not differ significantly between cases and healthy age-mates. The control group had significantly higher levels of <jats:italic>Peptostreptococcus micros<\/jats:italic> and substantially greater percentage of subjects infected by <jats:italic>Treponema denticola. Capnocytophaga gingivalis<\/jats:italic> count was positively correlated with the level of estradiol, while the concentration of HDL-C was negatively correlated with the number of <jats:italic>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic> and orange complex bacteria.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>PCOS in young patients was not associated with higher pathogenicity of subgingival biofilms.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Clinical relevance<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Further studies are needed to explain the relationship between hormonal and metabolic abnormalities, subgingival microflora, and periodontal health in patients with PCOS.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03456-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,10]],"date-time":"2020-08-10T20:05:39Z","timestamp":1597089939000},"page":"1485-1496","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Subgingival microflora in adolescent females with polycystic ovary syndrome and its association with oral hygiene, gingivitis, and selected metabolic and hormonal parameters"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Natalia","family":"Wendland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5091-3316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justyna","family":"Opydo-Szymaczek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Mizgier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gra\u017cyna","family":"Jarz\u0105bek-Bielecka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"3456_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2003.00055.x","volume":"30","author":"P Mascarenhas","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mascarenhas P, Gapski R, Al-Shammari K, Wang HL (2003) Influence of sex hormones on the periodontium. 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