{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T10:54:07Z","timestamp":1784544847516,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595808000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019921","name":"Geistlich pharma AG","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019921","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Oral Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To assess histopathological and histomorphometric outcomes of soft tissue volume augmentation procedures at pontic sites using a volume-stable cross-linked collagen matrix (VCMX) and a non-cross-linked collagen matrix (XCM).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In twelve adult beagle dogs, the mandibular premolars and first molar were hemisected and the mesial root extracted. Soft tissue augmentation was randomly performed using VCMX, XCM, or a sham-operated control. Sacrifice was performed after 4, 8, and 26\u00a0weeks. Non-decalcified sections were analyzed for histopathologic and histomorphometric measurements at four different levels below the crest (1.5, 2.5, 3.5, and 5.5\u00a0mm).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Group VCMX presented a greater overall amount of soft tissue at all healing time points, more pronounced fibroblast ingrowth, vascularization, and a substantial new collagen deposition. Over time, group XCM demonstrated faster signs of degradation compared with group VCMX. Four weeks after augmentation, group VCMX yielded a higher mean ridge width compared with groups XCM (2.22\u00a0mm VCMX, 0.89\u00a0mm XCM (at 2.5\u00a0mm); 2.05\u00a0mm VCMX, 0.80\u00a0mm XCM (at 3.5\u00a0mm) <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and sham (0.59\u00a0mm sham (at 1.5\u00a0mm); 0.48\u00a0mm (at 2.5\u00a0mm); 0.44\u00a0mm (at 3.5\u00a0mm) <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). After healing periods of 8 and 26\u00a0weeks, measurements in group VCMX remained significantly higher compared with group sham both at 8\u00a0weeks\u00a0(levels of 1.5 mm, 2.5 mm\u00a0and 5.5 mm) and at 26\u00a0weeks (levels of 1.5\u00a0mm,\u00a03.5 mm and 5.5\u00a0mm) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The use of a cross-linked collagen matrix resulted in a greater and more stable ridge width over time compared with control groups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Clinical relevance<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Soft tissue volume augmentation at pontic sites is more effective when using a cross-linked compared with a non-cross-linked collagen matrix.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03461-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T21:02:49Z","timestamp":1595883769000},"page":"1535-1545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Augmentation of soft tissue volume at pontic sites: a comparison between a cross-linked and a non-cross-linked collagen matrix"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6689-2684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadja","family":"Naenni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9337-1051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prisca","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8280-7347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph H. F.","family":"H\u00e4mmerle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2055-1320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronald E.","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1764-7447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel S.","family":"Thoma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"3461_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034514541127","volume":"93","author":"G Avila-Ortiz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Avila-Ortiz G, Elangovan S, Kramer KWO, Blanchette D, Dawson DV (2014) Effect of alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent Res 93:950\u2013958. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0022034514541127","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"3461_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13381","volume":"29","author":"J Perussolo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Perussolo J, Souza AB, Matarazzo F, Oliveira RP, Araujo MG (2018) Influence of the keratinized mucosa on the stability of peri-implant tissues and brushing discomfort: a 4-year follow-up study. Clin Oral Implants Res 29:1177\u20131185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/clr.13381","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"3461_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12635","volume":"44","author":"DS Thoma","year":"2017","unstructured":"Thoma DS, Naenni N, Benic GI, Hammerle CH, Jung RE (2017) Soft tissue volume augmentation at dental implant sites using a volume stable three-dimensional collagen matrix - histological outcomes of a preclinical study. J Clin Periodontol 44:185\u2013194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpe.12635","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"3461_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12743","volume":"27","author":"I Sanz-Martin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sanz-Martin I, Sailer I, Hammerle CHF, Thoma DS (2016) Soft tissue stability and volumetric changes after 5 years in pontic sites with or without soft tissue grafting: a retrospective cohort study. Clin Oral Implants Res 27:969\u2013974. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/clr.12743","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 15","key":"3461_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S77","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12220","volume":"41","author":"DS Thoma","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thoma DS, Buranawat B, Hammerle CH, Held U, Jung RE (2014) Efficacy of soft tissue augmentation around dental implants and in partially edentulous areas: a systematic review. J Clin Periodontol 41(Suppl 15):S77\u2013S91. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpe.12220","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"3461_CR6","first-page":"449","volume":"25","author":"RJ Harris","year":"2005","unstructured":"Harris RJ, Miller R, Miller LH, Harris C (2005) Complications with surgical procedures utilizing connective tissue grafts: a follow-up of 500 consecutively treated cases. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 25:449\u2013459","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent"},{"key":"3461_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2070","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.050296","volume":"77","author":"TJ Griffin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Griffin TJ, Cheung WS, Zavras AI, Damoulis PD (2006) Postoperative complications following gingival augmentation procedures. J Periodontol 77:2070\u20132079. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1902\/jop.2006.050296","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"3461_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12357","volume":"42","author":"R Burkhardt","year":"2015","unstructured":"Burkhardt R, Hammerle CHF, Lang NP, Biology RGOST (2015) Self-reported pain perception of patients after mucosal graft harvesting in the palatal area. J Clin Periodontol 42:281\u2013287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpe.12357","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"3461_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12547","volume":"43","author":"CM Schmitt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schmitt CM, Matta RE, Moest T, Humann J, Gammel L, Neukam FW, Schlegel KA (2016) Soft tissue volume alterations after connective tissue grafting at teeth: the subepithelial autologous connective tissue graft versus a porcine collagen matrix - a pre-clinical volumetric analysis. J Clin Periodontol 43:609\u2013617. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpe.12547","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"3461_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maiorana C, Pivetti L, Signorino F, Grossi GB, Herford AS and Beretta M (2018) The efficacy of a porcine collagen matrix in keratinized tissue augmentation: a 5-year follow-up study. Int J implant dent 4. ARTN 1 1186\/s40729\u2013017\u20130113-3","DOI":"10.1186\/s40729-017-0113-3"},{"key":"3461_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12588","volume":"43","author":"DS Thoma","year":"2016","unstructured":"Thoma DS, Zeltner M, Hilbe M, Hammerle CH, Husler J, Jung RE (2016) Randomized controlled clinical study evaluating effectiveness and safety of a volume-stable collagen matrix compared to autogenous connective tissue grafts for soft tissue augmentation at implant sites. J Clin Periodontol 43:874\u2013885. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpe.12588","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"3461_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.120084","volume":"84","author":"CM Schmitt","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schmitt CM, Tudor C, Kiener K, Wehrhan F, Schmitt J, Eitner S, Agaimy A, Schlegel KA (2013) Vestibuloplasty: porcine collagen matrix versus free gingival graft: a clinical and histologic study. J Periodontol 84:914\u2013923. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1902\/jop.2012.120084","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"3461_CR13","first-page":"e34","volume":"32","author":"I Rocchietta","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rocchietta I, Schupbach P, Ghezzi C, Maschera E, Simion M (2012) Soft tissue integration of a porcine collagen membrane: an experimental study in pigs. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 32:e34\u2013e40","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent"},{"key":"3461_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2011.02356.x","volume":"23","author":"DS Thoma","year":"2012","unstructured":"Thoma DS, Villar CC, Cochran DL, Hammerle CHF, Jung RE (2012) Tissue integration of collagen-based matrices: an experimental study in mice. Clin Oral Implants Res 23:1333\u20131339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2011.02356.x","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"3461_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2011.01786.x","volume":"38","author":"DS Thoma","year":"2011","unstructured":"Thoma DS, Hammerle CH, Cochran DL, Jones AA, Gorlach C, Uebersax L, Mathes S, Graf-Hausner U, Jung RE (2011) Soft tissue volume augmentation by the use of collagen-based matrices in the dog mandible -- a histological analysis. J Clin Periodontol 38:1063\u20131070. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2011.01786.x","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"3461_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2005.01108.x","volume":"16","author":"D Rothamel","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rothamel D, Schwarz F, Sager M, Herten M, Sculean A, Becker J (2005) Biodegradation of differently cross-linked collagen membranes: an experimental study in the rat. Clin Oral Implants Res 16:369\u2013378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2005.01108.x","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"3461_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2005.01225.x","volume":"17","author":"F Schwarz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schwarz F, Rothamel D, Herten M, Sager M, Becker J (2006) Angiogenesis pattern of native and cross-linked collagen membranes: an immunohistochemical study in the rat. Clin Oral Implants Res 17:403\u2013409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2005.01225.x","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"3461_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12496","volume":"26","author":"DS Thoma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Thoma DS, Nanni N, Benic GI, Weber FE, Hammerle CHF, Jung RE (2015) Effect of platelet-derived growth factor-BB on tissue integration of cross-linked and non-cross-linked collagen matrices in a rat ectopic model. Clin Oral Implants Res 26:263\u2013270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/clr.12496","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"3461_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-017-2210-3","volume":"22","author":"N Naenni","year":"2018","unstructured":"Naenni N, Bienz SP, Benic GI, Jung RE, Hammerle CHF, Thoma DS (2018) Volumetric and linear changes at dental implants following grafting with volume-stable three-dimensional collagen matrices or autogenous connective tissue grafts: 6-month data. Clin Oral Investig 22:1185\u20131195. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-017-2210-3","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"3461_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12750","volume":"44","author":"F Cairo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cairo F, Barbato L, Tonelli P, Batalocco G, Pagavino G, Nieri M (2017) Xenogeneic collagen matrix versus connective tissue graft for buccal soft tissue augmentation at implant site. A randomized, controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 44:769\u2013776. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpe.12750","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"3461_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12697","volume":"44","author":"M Zeltner","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zeltner M, Jung RE, Hammerle CHF, Husler J, Thoma DS (2017) Randomized controlled clinical study comparing a volume-stable collagen matrix to autogenous connective tissue grafts for soft tissue augmentation at implant sites: linear volumetric soft tissue changes up to 3 months. J Clin Periodontol 44:446\u2013453. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpe.12697","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Oral Investigations"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-020-03461-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00784-020-03461-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-020-03461-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T23:43:25Z","timestamp":1627343005000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00784-020-03461-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["3461"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-020-03461-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-6981","1436-3771"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-6981","type":"print"},{"value":"1436-3771","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 May 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 July 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 July 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors NN, CH, RE, and DT received study grants and lecture fees from Geistlich Pharma AG. No conflict of interest is reported to the outcomes of the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All applicable international, national, and\/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"For this type of study, formal consent is not required.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}