{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:22:02Z","timestamp":1792009322952,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641427200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Oral Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-021-04361-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T21:11:51Z","timestamp":1641503511000},"page":"2353-2370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":163,"title":["Clinical effectiveness of clear aligner treatment compared to fixed appliance treatment: an overview of systematic reviews"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9577-8947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yassir A.","family":"Yassir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah A.","family":"Nabbat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant T.","family":"McIntyre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David R.","family":"Bearn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"4361_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2008.0184","volume":"139","author":"A-M Bollen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bollen A-M, Cunha-Cruz J, Bakko DW, Huang GJ, Hujoel PP (2008) The effects of orthodontic therapy on periodontal health: a systematic review of controlled evidence. J Am Dent Assoc 139(4):413\u2013422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14219\/jada.archive.2008.0184","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"issue":"7","key":"4361_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-014-1240-3","volume":"18","author":"Y Ren","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ren Y, Jongsma MA, Mei L, van der Mei HC, Busscher HJ (2014) Orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and biofilm formation: a potential public health threat? Clin Oral Investig 18(7):1711\u20131718. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-014-1240-3","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"4361_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.2298\/SARH1406301Z","volume":"142","author":"MZ Sandi\u0107","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sandi\u0107 MZ, Popovi\u0107 B, Carki\u0107 J, Nikoli\u0107 N, Gli\u0161i\u0107 B (2014) Changes in subgingival microflora after placement and removal of fixed orthodontic appliances. Srp Arh Celok Lek 142(5\u20136):301\u2013305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2298\/SARH1406301Z","journal-title":"Srp Arh Celok Lek"},{"issue":"1","key":"4361_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-014-0064-7","volume":"15","author":"K Fujiyama","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fujiyama K, Honjo T, Suzuki M, Matsuoka S, Deguchi T (2014) Analysis of pain level in cases treated with Invisalign aligner: comparison with fixed edgewise appliance therapy. Prog Orthod 15(1):64. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40510-014-0064-7","journal-title":"Prog Orthod"},{"issue":"1","key":"4361_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-015-0060-4","volume":"15","author":"A Azaripour","year":"2015","unstructured":"Azaripour A, Weusmann J, Mahmoodi B, Peppas D, Gerhold-Ay A, Van Noorden CJF, Willershausen B (2015) Braces versus Invisalign\u00ae: gingival parameters and patient\u2019s satisfaction during treatment: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 15(1):69. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-015-0060-4","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"4361_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.2319\/091416-687.1","volume":"87","author":"DW White","year":"2017","unstructured":"White DW, Julien KC, Jacob H, Campbell PM, Buschang PH (2017) Discomfort associated with Invisalign and traditional brackets: a randomized, prospective trial. Angle Orthod 87(6):801\u2013808. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/091416-687.1","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"issue":"6","key":"4361_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/0096-6347(45)90101-3","volume":"31","author":"HD Kesling","year":"1945","unstructured":"Kesling HD (1945) The philosophy of the tooth positioning appliance. Am J Orthod Oral Surg 31(6):297\u2013304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0096-6347(45)90101-3","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Oral Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"4361_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10021-1138","volume":"27","author":"JJ Sheridan","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sheridan JJ, LeDoux W, McMinn R (1993) Essix retainers: fabrication and supervision for permanent retention. J Clin Orthod 27(1):37\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5005\/jp-journals-10021-1138","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"issue":"5","key":"4361_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-003-0301-z","volume":"64","author":"B Meier","year":"2003","unstructured":"Meier B, Wiemer KB, Miethke RR (2003) Invisalign: patient profiling-analysis of a prospective survey. J Orofac Orthop 64(5):352\u2013358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00056-003-0301-z","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"issue":"5","key":"4361_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2003.S0889540603000519","volume":"123","author":"E Kuo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kuo E, Miller RJ (2003) Automated custom-manufacturing technology in orthodontics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 123(5):578\u2013581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1067\/mod.2003.S0889540603000519","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"3","key":"4361_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.2319\/062113-466","volume":"84","author":"PH Buschang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Buschang PH, Shaw SG, Ross M, Crosby D, Campbell PM (2014) Comparative time efficiency of aligner therapy and conventional edgewise braces. Angle Orthod 84(3):391\u2013396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/062113-466","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"issue":"1","key":"4361_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.05.018","volume":"135","author":"ND Kravitz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kravitz ND, Kusnoto B, BeGole E, Obrez A, Agran B (2009) How well does Invisalign work? A prospective clinical study evaluating the efficacy of tooth movement with Invisalign\u00ae. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 135(1):27\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.05.018","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"2","key":"4361_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-011-0017-4","volume":"72","author":"E Krieger","year":"2011","unstructured":"Krieger E, Seiferth J, Saric I, Jung BA, Wehrbein H (2011) Accuracy of Invisalign\u00ae treatments in the anterior tooth region. First results J Orofac Orthop 72(2):141\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00056-011-0017-4","journal-title":"First results J Orofac Orthop"},{"issue":"5","key":"4361_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-012-0097-9","volume":"73","author":"E Krieger","year":"2012","unstructured":"Krieger E, Seiferth J, Marinello I, Jung BA, Wriedt S, Jacobs C, Wehrbein H (2012) Invisalign\u00ae treatment in the anterior region: were the predicted tooth movements achieved? J Orofac Orthop 73(5):365\u2013376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00056-012-0097-9","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"issue":"5","key":"4361_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2018.01.013","volume":"154","author":"C Flores-Mir","year":"2018","unstructured":"Flores-Mir C, Brandelli J, Pacheco-Pereira C (2018) Patient satisfaction and quality of life status after 2 treatment modalities: Invisalign and conventional fixed appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 154(5):639\u2013644. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2018.01.013","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"3","key":"4361_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-015-0285-5","volume":"76","author":"GM Abbate","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abbate GM, Caria MP, Montanari P, Mannu C, Orr\u00f9 G, Caprioglio A, Levrini L (2015) Periodontal health in teenagers treated with removable aligners and fixed orthodontic appliances. J Orofac Orthop 76(3):240\u2013250. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00056-015-0285-5","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"issue":"3","key":"4361_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.06.002","volume":"128","author":"G Djeu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Djeu G, Shelton C, Maganzini A (2005) Outcome assessment of Invisalign and traditional orthodontic treatment compared with the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 128(3):292\u2013298. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.06.002","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"4361_CR18","first-page":"32","volume":"7","author":"A Giancotti","year":"2006","unstructured":"Giancotti A, Greco M, Mampieri G (2006) Extraction treatment using invisalign technique. Prog Orthod 7(1):32\u201343","journal-title":"Prog Orthod"},{"issue":"3","key":"4361_CR19","first-page":"263","volume":"73","author":"X Phan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Phan X, Ling PH (2007) Clinical limitations of Invisalign. J Can Dent Assoc 73(3):263\u2013266","journal-title":"J Can Dent Assoc"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"4361_CR20","first-page":"23","volume":"2","author":"C Pavoni","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pavoni C, Lione R, Lagan\u00e0 G, Cozza P (2011) Self-ligating versus Invisalign: analysis of dento-alveolar effects. Ann Stomatol (Roma) 2(1\u20132):23\u201327","journal-title":"Ann Stomatol (Roma)"},{"key":"4361_CR21","unstructured":"Aligntech Institute: Tooth movement assessment. Available at: https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/learn-invisalign\/docs\/us\/ToothAssessment.pdf. Accessed on 16th February,2021."},{"issue":"12","key":"4361_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2005.0117","volume":"136","author":"MO Lagravere","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lagravere MO, Flores-Mir CF (2005) The treatment effects of invisalign orthodontic aligners. J Am Dent Assoc 136(12):1724\u20131729. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14219\/jada.archive.2005.0117","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"issue":"3","key":"4361_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12177","volume":"20","author":"M Zheng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zheng M, Liu R, Ni Z, Yu Z (2017) Efficiency, effectiveness and treatment stability of clear aligners: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Orthod Craniofac Res 20(3):127\u2013133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ocr.12177","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4361_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-018-0235-z","volume":"19","author":"A Papadimitriou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Papadimitriou A, Mousoulea S, Gkantidis N, Kloukos D (2018) Clinical effectiveness of Invisalign\u00ae orthodontic treatment: a systematic review. Prog Orthod 19(1):37. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40510-018-0235-z","journal-title":"Prog Orthod"},{"issue":"1","key":"4361_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-018-0695-z","volume":"19","author":"Y Ke","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ke Y, Zhu Y, Zhu M (2019) A comparison of treatment effectiveness between clear aligner and fixed appliance therapies. BMC Oral Health 19(1):24. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-018-0695-z","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"4361_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjz094","volume":"42","author":"SN Papageorgiou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Papageorgiou SN, Koletsi D, Iliadi A, Peltomaki T, Eliades T (2020) Treatment outcome with orthodontic aligners and fixed appliances: a systematic review with meta-analyses. Eur J Orthod 42(3):331\u2013343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejo\/cjz094","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"issue":"4","key":"4361_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jicd.12455","volume":"10","author":"MM Pithon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pithon MM, Bai\u00e3o FCS, Sant Anna LIDA, Paranhos LR, Cople Maia L (2019) Assessment of the effectiveness of invisible aligners compared with conventional appliance in aesthetic and functional orthodontic treatment: a systematic review. J Investig Clini Dent 10(4):e12455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jicd.12455","journal-title":"J Investig Clini Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"4361_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12353","volume":"23","author":"L Robertson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Robertson L, Kaur H, Fagundes NCF, Romanyk D, Major P, Flores Mir C (2020) Effectiveness of clear aligner therapy for orthodontic treatment: a systematic review. Orthod Craniofac Res 23(2):133\u2013142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ocr.12353","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"4361_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.2319\/061614-436.1","volume":"85","author":"G Rossini","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rossini G, Parrini S, Castroflorio T, Deregibus A, Debernardi CL (2015) Efficacy of clear aligners in controlling orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review. Angle Orthod 85(5):881\u2013889. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/061614-436.1","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"issue":"3","key":"4361_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.4041\/kjod.2019.49.3.140","volume":"49","author":"LG Galan-Lopez","year":"2005","unstructured":"Galan-Lopez LG, Barcia-Gonzalezd JB, Plasencia E (2005) A systematic review of the accuracy and efficiency of dental movements with Invisalign. Korean J Orthod 49(3):140\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4041\/kjod.2019.49.3.140","journal-title":"Korean J Orthod"},{"issue":"4","key":"4361_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.18502\/jcr.v7i4.5552","volume":"7","author":"M Mortazavi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mortazavi M, Naeim M, Badri A, Sharifi R, Hasheminasab M (2020) An updated systematic review on the effectivity of clear aligner therapy: a review. J Craniomax Res 7(4):165\u2013177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/jcr.v7i4.5552","journal-title":"J Craniomax Res"},{"key":"4361_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Koletsi D, Iliadi A, Eliades T (2021) Predictability of rotational tooth movement with orthodontic aligners comparing software-based and achieved data: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. J Orthod DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/14653125211027266.","DOI":"10.1177\/14653125211027266"},{"issue":"5","key":"4361_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cju083","volume":"37","author":"G Rossini","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rossini G, Parrini S, Castroflorio T, Deregibus A, Debernardi CL (2015) Periodontal health during clear aligners treatment: a systematic review. Eur J Orthod 37(5):539\u2013543. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejo\/cju083","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"issue":"8","key":"4361_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2018.04.010","volume":"149","author":"Q Jiang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jiang Q, Li J, Mei L, Du J, Levrini L, Abbate GM, Li H (2018) Periodontal health during orthodontic treatment with clear aligners and fixed appliances. J Am Dent Assoc 149(8):712-720.e12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.adaj.2018.04.010","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"issue":"13","key":"4361_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000010248","volume":"97","author":"H Lu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lu H, Tang H, Zhou T, Kang N (2018) Assessment of the periodontal health status in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and Invisalign system. Medicine (Baltimore) 97(13):e0248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000010248","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"1","key":"4361_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2016.12.019","volume":"15","author":"R Elhaddaoui","year":"2017","unstructured":"Elhaddaoui R, Qoraich HS, Bahije L, Zaoui F (2017) Orthodontic aligners and root resorption: a systematic review. Int Orthod 15(1):1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ortho.2016.12.019","journal-title":"Int Orthod"},{"issue":"12","key":"4361_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2014.12.026","volume":"19","author":"A Aldeeri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Aldeeri A, Alhammad L, Alduham A, Ghassan W, Shafshak S, Fatani E (2018) Association of orthodontic clear aligners with root resorption using three-dimension measurements: a systematic review. J Contemp Dent Pract 19(12):1558\u20131564. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2014.12.026","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"4361_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12337","volume":"22","author":"X Fang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fang X, Qi R, Liu C (2019) Root resorption in orthodontic treatment with clear aligners: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Orthod Craniofac Res 22(4):259\u2013269. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ocr.12337","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4361_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjaa013","volume":"43","author":"V Gandhi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gandhi V, Mehta S, Gauthier M, Mu J, Kuo C, Nanda R, Yadav S (2021) Comparison of external apical root resorption with clear aligners and pre-adjusted edgewise appliances in non-extraction cases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Orthod 43(1):15\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejo\/cjaa013","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"issue":"1","key":"4361_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-019-0303-z","volume":"21","author":"PC Cardoso","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cardoso PC, Espinosa DG, Mecenas P, Flores-Mir CF, Normando D (2020) Pain level between clear aligners and fixed appliances: a systematic review. Prog Orthod 21(1):3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40510-019-0303-z","journal-title":"Prog Orthod"},{"key":"4361_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4276","DOI":"10.3390\/app10124276","volume":"10","author":"D Pereira","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pereira D, Machado V, Botelho J, Proen\u00e7a L, Mendes JJ, Delgado AS (2020) Comparison of pain perception between clear aligners and fixed appliances: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Appl Sci 10:4276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app10124276","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"4361_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12382","volume":"23","author":"B Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang B, Huang X, Huo S, Zhang C, Zhao S, Cen X, Zhao Z (2020) Effect of clear aligners on oral health-related quality of life: a systematic review. Orthod Craniofac Res 23(4):363\u2013370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ocr.12382","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"4361_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2010.02.007","volume":"8","author":"Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, PRISMA Group","year":"2010","unstructured":"Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, PRISMA Group (2010) Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. Int J Surg 8(5):336\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijsu.2010.02.007","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"4361_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j4008","volume":"358","author":"BJ Shea","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shea BJ, Reeves BC, Wells G, Thuku M, Hamel C, Moran J, Moher D, Tugwell P, Welch V, Kristjansson E, Henry DA (2017) AMSTAR 2: a critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews that include randomised or non-randomised studies of healthcare interventions, or both. BMJ 358:j4008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.j4008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"4","key":"4361_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.2319\/0003-3219(2008)078[0682:IOAAIR]2.0.CO;2","volume":"78","author":"ND Kravitz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kravitz ND, Kusnoto B, Agran B, Viana G (2008) Influence of attachments and interproximal reduction on the accuracy of canine rotation with Invisalign. A prospective clinical study Angle Orthod 78(4):682\u2013687. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/0003-3219(2008)078[0682:IOAAIR]2.0.CO;2","journal-title":"A prospective clinical study Angle Orthod"},{"issue":"1","key":"4361_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1179\/1465313315Y.0000000004","volume":"43","author":"J Hennessy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hennessy J, Al-Awadhi EA (2016) Clear aligners generations and orthodontic tooth movement. J Orthod 43(1):68\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1179\/1465313315Y.0000000004","journal-title":"J Orthod"},{"issue":"10","key":"4361_CR47","first-page":"1411","volume":"156","author":"AR Jadad","year":"1997","unstructured":"Jadad AR, Cook DJ, Browman GP (1997) A guide to interpreting discordant systematic reviews. CMAJ 156(10):1411\u20131416","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"4361_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yassir YA, El-Angbawi AM, McIntyre GT, Revie GF, Bearn DR (2019a) A randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of 0.018-inch and 0.022-inch slot orthodontic bracket systems: part 2-quality of treatment. Eur J Orthod 41(2):143\u2013153. DOI:\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejo\/cjy038.","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjy038"},{"issue":"4","key":"4361_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2004.03.030","volume":"127","author":"T Deguchi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Deguchi T, Honjo T, Fukunaga T, Miyawaki S, Roberts WE, Takano-Yamamoto T (2005) Clinical assessment of orthodontic outcomes with the peer assessment rating, discrepancy index, objective grading system, and comprehensive clinical assessment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 127(4):434\u2013443. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2004.03.030","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"4361_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.4041\/kjod.2016.46.4.199","volume":"7","author":"M Hong","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hong M, Kook YA, Baek SH, Kim MK (2014) Comparison of treatment outcome assessment for class I malocclusion patients: peer assessment rating versus American Board of Orthodontics-Objective Grading System. J Korean Dent Sci 7(1):6\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4041\/kjod.2016.46.4.199","journal-title":"J Korean Dent Sci"},{"key":"4361_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yassir YA, El-Angbawi AM, McIntyre GT, Revie GF, Bearn DR (2019b) A randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of 0.018-inch and 0.022-inch slot orthodontic bracket systems: part 1-duration of treatment. Eur J Orthod 41(2):133\u2013142. DOI:\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejo\/cjy037.","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjy037"},{"issue":"4","key":"4361_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.06.021","volume":"137","author":"B Weltman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Weltman B, Vig KWL, Fields HW, Shanker S, Kaizar EE (2010) Root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 137(4):462\u2013476. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.06.021","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"5","key":"4361_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2014.12.026","volume":"147","author":"MG Roscoe","year":"2015","unstructured":"Roscoe MG, Meira JB, Cattaneo PM (2015) Association of orthodontic force system and root resorption: a systematic review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 147(5):610\u2013626. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2014.12.026","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"4361_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yassir YA, McIntyre GT, Bearn DR (2020) Orthodontic treatment and root resorption: an overview of systematic reviews. Eur J Orthod cjaa058. DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejo\/cjaa058.","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjaa058"},{"issue":"3","key":"4361_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2018.10.015","volume":"155","author":"SD Currell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Currell SD, Liaw A, Blackmore Grant PD, Esterman A, Nimmo A (2019) Orthodontic mechanotherapies and their influence on external root resorption: a systematic review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 155(3):313\u2013329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2018.10.015","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"6","key":"4361_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.2319\/121308-632R.1","volume":"79","author":"AM Krukemeyer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Krukemeyer AM, Arruda AO, Inglehart MR (2009) Pain and orthodontic treatment patient experiences and provider assessments. Angle Orthod 79(6):1175\u20131181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/121308-632R.1","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"issue":"4","key":"4361_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1179\/bjo.12.4.179","volume":"12","author":"RG Oliver","year":"2019","unstructured":"Oliver RG, Knapman YM (2019) Attitudes to orthodontic treatment. Brit J Orthod 12(4):179\u2013188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1179\/bjo.12.4.179","journal-title":"Brit J Orthod"},{"issue":"2","key":"4361_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(72)90092-9","volume":"61","author":"L Furstman","year":"1970","unstructured":"Furstman L, Bernick S (1970) Clinical considerations of the periodontium. Am J Orthod 61(2):138\u2013155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-9416(72)90092-9","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"issue":"4","key":"4361_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/s0889-5406(94)70131-8","volume":"105","author":"WG Grieve III","year":"1994","unstructured":"Grieve WG III, Johnson GK, Moore RN, Reinhardt RA, Dubois LM (1994) Levels in gingival crevicular fluid during human orthodontic tooth movement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 105(4):369\u2013374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0889-5406(94)70131-8","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"2","key":"4361_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/75.2.125","volume":"75","author":"A Dray","year":"1995","unstructured":"Dray A (1995) Inflammatory mediators of pain. Brit J Anaesth 75(2):125\u2013131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/75.2.125","journal-title":"Brit J Anaesth"},{"issue":"6","key":"4361_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1016\/s0889-5406(98)70201-x","volume":"114","author":"HG Sergl","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sergl HG, Klages U, Zentner A (1998) Pain and discomfort during orthodontic treatment: causative factors and effects on compliance. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 114(6):684\u2013691. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0889-5406(98)70201-x","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"4361_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2018.01.003","volume":"100","author":"S Sideri","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sideri S, Papageorgiou SN, Eliades T (2008) Registration in the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) of systematic review protocols was associated with increased review quality. J Clini Epidemiol 100:103\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2018.01.003","journal-title":"J Clini Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Oral Investigations"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-021-04361-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00784-021-04361-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-021-04361-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T05:31:41Z","timestamp":1646458301000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00784-021-04361-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["4361"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-021-04361-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-6981","1436-3771"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-6981","type":"print"},{"value":"1436-3771","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 September 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 December 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 January 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare tho competing.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}