{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T23:45:54Z","timestamp":1784591154619,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]],"date-time":"2023-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684195200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]],"date-time":"2023-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Oral Invest"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-023-05070-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]],"date-time":"2023-05-16T08:05:42Z","timestamp":1684224342000},"page":"4481-4491","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["COVID-19 hospitalized patients and oral changes: a case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Marceli Dias","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lourdes Zeballos","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda Pereira","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda Couto","family":"Mil\u00e9o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo Carlos","family":"Bortoluzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1bio Andr\u00e9","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"5070_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1159\/000507423","volume":"64","author":"M Ciotti","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ciotti M, Angeletti S, Minieri M, Giovannetti M, Benvenuto D, Pascarella S, Sagnelli C, Bianchi M, Bernardini S, Ciccozzi M (2019) COVID-19 outbreak: an overview. Chemotherapy 64:215\u2013223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000507423","journal-title":"Chemotherapy"},{"key":"5070_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1080\/10408363.2021.1979462","volume":"59","author":"M Ciotti","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ciotti M, Ciccozzi M, Pieri M, Bernardini S (2022) The COVID-19 pandemic: viral variants and vaccine efficacy. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 59:66\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10408363.2021.1979462","journal-title":"Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci"},{"key":"5070_CR3","unstructured":"Mathieu E, Hannah Ritchie H, Rod\u00e9s-Guirao L, Appel C, Giattino C, Hasell J, Macdonald B, Dattani S, Beltekian D, Ortiz-Ospina E, Max Roser M (2020) Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Accessed 23 Oct 2022. Available at: https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/coronavirus"},{"key":"5070_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alimohamadi Y, Tola HH, Abbasi-Ghahramanloo A, Janani M, Sepandi M (2021) Case fatality rate of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Prev Med Hyg 62:E311\u2013e320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15167\/2421-4248\/jpmh2021.62.2.1627","DOI":"10.15167\/2421-4248\/jpmh2021.62.2.1627"},{"key":"5070_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.1585","volume":"323","author":"D Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, Wang B, Xiang H, Cheng Z, Xiong Y, Zhao Y, Li Y, Wang X, Peng Z (2020) Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA 323:1061\u20131069. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2020.1585","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"5070_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2002032","volume":"382","author":"W-j Guan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guan W-j, Ni Z-y, Hu Y, Liang W-h, Ou C-q, He J-x, Liu L, Shan H, Lei C-l, Hui DSC, Du B, Li L-j, Zeng G, Yuen K-Y, Chen R-c, Tang C-l, Wang T, Chen P-y, Xiang J, Li S-y, Wang J-l, Liang Z-j, Peng Y-x, Wei L, Liu Y, Hu Y-h, Peng P, Wang J-m, Liu J-y, Chen Z, Li G, Zheng Z-j, Qiu S-q, Luo J, Ye C-j, S-y Z, Zhong N-s (2020) Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med 382:1708\u20131720. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2002032","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"5070_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(20)30183-5","volume":"395","author":"C Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z, Yu T, Xia J, Wei Y, Wu W, Xie X, Yin W, Li H, Liu M, Xiao Y, Gao H, Guo L, Xie J, Wang G, Jiang R, Gao Z, Jin Q, Wang J, Cao B (2020) Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 395:497\u2013506. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(20)30183-5","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"5070_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hockov\u00e1 B, Riad A, Valky J, \u0160ulajov\u00e1 Z, Stebel A, Sl\u00e1vik R, Be\u010dkov\u00e1 Z, Pokorn\u00e1 A, Klugarov\u00e1 J, Klugar M (2021) Oral complications of ICU patients with COVID-19: case-series and review of two hundred ten cases. J Clin Med 10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10040581","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10040581"},{"key":"5070_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034520957289","volume":"100","author":"J Amorim Dos Santos","year":"2021","unstructured":"Amorim Dos Santos J, Normando AGC, Carvalho da Silva RL, Acevedo AC, De Luca CG, Sugaya N, Santos-Silva AR, Guerra ENS (2021) Oral manifestations in patients with COVID-19: a living systematic review. J Dent Res 100:141\u2013154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0022034520957289","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"5070_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Aragoneses J, Su\u00e1rez A, Algar J, Rodr\u00edguez C, L\u00f3pez-Valverde N, Aragoneses JM (2021) Oral manifestations of COVID-19: updated systematic review with meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 8:726753. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2021.726753","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.726753"},{"key":"5070_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.12705","volume":"42","author":"FP Eduardo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Eduardo FP, Bezinelli LM, Gobbi MF, Bergamin LG, de Carvalho DLC, Corr\u00eaa L (2022) Oral lesions and saliva alterations of COVID-19 patients in an intensive care unit: a retrospective study. Spec Care Dentist 42:494\u2013502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/scd.12705","journal-title":"Spec Care Dentist"},{"key":"5070_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-021-03639-w","volume":"25","author":"C de Roquetaillade","year":"2021","unstructured":"de Roquetaillade C, Bredin S, Lascarrou JB, Soumagne T, Cojocaru M, Chousterman BG, Leclerc M, Gouhier A, Piton G, P\u00e8ne F, Stoclin A, Llitjos JF (2021) Timing and causes of death in severe COVID-19 patients. Crit Care 25:224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-021-03639-w","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"5070_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.14113","volume":"66","author":"N Haase","year":"2022","unstructured":"Haase N, Plovsing R, Christensen S, Poulsen LM, Br\u00f8chner AC, Rasmussen BS, Helleberg M, Jensen JUS, Andersen LPK, Siegel H, Ibsen M, J\u00f8rgensen VL, Winding R, Iversen S, Pedersen HP, Madsen J, S\u00f8lling C, Garcia RS, Michelsen J, Mohr T, Michagin G, Espelund US, Bundgaard H, Kirkegaard L, Smitt M, Buck DL, Ribergaard NE, Pedersen HS, Christensen BV, Nielsen LP, Clapp E, Jonassen TB, Weihe S, la Cour K, Nielsen FM, Madsen EK, Haberlandt TN, Meier N, Perner A (2022) Changes over time in characteristics, resource use and outcomes among ICU patients with COVID-19-a nationwide, observational study in Denmark. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 66:987\u2013995. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aas.14113","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"5070_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(07)61602-x","volume":"370","author":"E von Elm","year":"2007","unstructured":"von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, G\u00f8tzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP (2007) The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Lancet 370:1453\u20131457. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(07)61602-x","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"5070_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/bf03193146","volume":"39","author":"F Faul","year":"2007","unstructured":"Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang AG, Buchner A (2007) G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods 39:175\u2013191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/bf03193146","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"key":"5070_CR16","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2021) Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Accessed 16 Feb 2021. Available at: https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/coronavirus#tab=tab_1"},{"key":"5070_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2529","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03323-3","volume":"24","author":"N Cirillo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cirillo N (2020) COVID-19 outbreak: succinct advice for dentists and oral healthcare professionals. Clin Oral Investig 24:2529\u20132535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-020-03323-3","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"5070_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327906mbr2603_7","volume":"26","author":"SB Green","year":"1991","unstructured":"Green SB (1991) How many subjects does it take to do a regression analysis. Multivariate Behav Res 26:499\u2013510. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/s15327906mbr2603_7","journal-title":"Multivariate Behav Res"},{"key":"5070_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26232","volume":"93","author":"B Hu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hu B, Huang S, Yin L (2021) The cytokine storm and COVID-19. J Med Virol 93:250\u2013256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.26232","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"5070_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14657","volume":"76","author":"YD Gao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gao YD, Ding M, Dong X, Zhang JJ, Kursat Azkur A, Azkur D, Gan H, Sun YL, Fu W, Li W, Liang HL, Cao YY, Yan Q, Cao C, Gao HY, Br\u00fcggen MC, van de Veen W, Sokolowska M, Akdis M, Akdis CA (2021) Risk factors for severe and critically ill COVID-19 patients: a review. Allergy 76:428\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/all.14657","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"5070_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Orilisi G, Mascitti M, Togni L, Monterubbianesi R, Tosco V, Vitiello F, Santarelli A, Putignano A, Orsini G (2021) Oral manifestations of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients: a systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph182312511","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182312511"},{"key":"5070_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Iranmanesh B, Khalili M, Amiri R, Zartab H, Aflatoonian M (2021) Oral manifestations of COVID-19 disease: a review article. Dermatol Ther 34:e14578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dth.14578","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.14578"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"5070_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13675","volume":"28","author":"A Riad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Riad A, Kassem I, Issa J, Badrah M, Klugar M (2022) Angular cheilitis of COVID-19 patients: a case-series and literature review. Oral Dis 28(Suppl 1):999\u20131000. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/odi.13675","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"5070_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.4103\/1735-3327.324026","volume":"18","author":"T Subramaniam","year":"2021","unstructured":"Subramaniam T, Nikalje MR, Jadhav S (2021) Oral manifestations among COVID-19: an observational study of 713 patients. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 18:67","journal-title":"Dent Res J (Isfahan)"},{"key":"5070_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1097\/01.Ccm.0000053646.04085.29","volume":"31","author":"P Dennesen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dennesen P, van der Ven A, Vlasveld M, Lokker L, Ramsay G, Kessels A, van den Keijbus P, van Nieuw AA, Veerman E (2003) Inadequate salivary flow and poor oral mucosal status in intubated intensive care unit patients. Crit Care Med 31:781\u2013786. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.Ccm.0000053646.04085.29","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"5070_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1111\/ijn.12460","volume":"22","author":"CS Jang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jang CS, Shin YS (2016) Effects of combination oral care on oral health, dry mouth and salivary pH of intubated patients: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Pract 22:503\u2013511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijn.12460","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Pract"},{"key":"5070_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1590\/s1678-77572012000200006","volume":"20","author":"A Berti-Couto Sde","year":"2012","unstructured":"Berti-Couto Sde A, Couto-Souza PH, Jacobs R, Nackaerts O, Rubira-Bullen IR, Westphalen FH, Moys\u00e9s SJ, Ign\u00e1cio SA, Costa MB, Tolazzi AL (2012) Clinical diagnosis of hyposalivation in hospitalized patients. J Appl Oral Sci 20:157\u2013161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s1678-77572012000200006","journal-title":"J Appl Oral Sci"},{"key":"5070_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.3947\/ic.2020.52.2.154","volume":"52","author":"SJ Kang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kang SJ, Jung SI (2020) Age-related morbidity and mortality among patients with COVID-19. Infect Chemother 52:154\u2013164. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3947\/ic.2020.52.2.154","journal-title":"Infect Chemother"},{"key":"5070_CR29","unstructured":"Pan American Health Organization (2021) Brazil will receive the first vaccines against COVID-19 through the COVAX Mechanism. Accessed 11 May 2022. Available at: https:\/\/www.paho.org\/en\/news\/21-3-2021-brazil-will-receive-first-vaccines-against-covid-19-through-covax-mechanism"},{"key":"5070_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bajema KL, Dahl RM, Prill MM, Meites E, Rodriguez-Barradas MC, Marconi VC, Beenhouwer DO, Brown ST, Holodniy M, Lucero-Obusan C, Rivera-Dominguez G, Morones RG, Whitmire A, Goldin EB, Evener SL, Tremarelli M, Tong S, Hall AJ, Schrag SJ, McMorrow M, Kobayashi M, Verani JR, Surie D (2021) Effectiveness of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines against COVID-19-associated hospitalization -five veterans affairs medical centers, United States, February 1-August 6, 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 70:1294\u20131299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.mm7037e3","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7037e3"},{"key":"5070_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab079","volume":"73","author":"SM Moghadas","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moghadas SM, Vilches TN, Zhang K, Wells CR, Shoukat A, Singer BH, Meyers LA, Neuzil KM, Langley JM, Fitzpatrick MC, Galvani AP (2021) The impact of vaccination on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks in the United States. Clin Infect Dis 73:2257\u20132264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciab079","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"5070_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780130518","volume":"13","author":"JH Ellenberg","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ellenberg JH (1994) Selection bias in observational and experimental studies. Stat Med 13:557\u2013567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/sim.4780130518","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"5070_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Corman VM, Landt O, Kaiser M, Molenkamp R, Meijer A, Chu DK, Bleicker T, Br\u00fcnink S, Schneider J, Schmidt ML, Mulders DG, Haagmans BL, van der Veer B, van den Brink S, Wijsman L, Goderski G, Romette JL, Ellis J, Zambon M, Peiris M, Goossens H, Reusken C, Koopmans MP, Drosten C (2020) Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR. Euro Surveill 25. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2807\/1560-7917.Es.2020.25.3.2000045","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.Es.2020.25.3.2000045"},{"key":"5070_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Reusken C, Broberg EK, Haagmans B, Meijer A, Corman VM, Papa A, Charrel R, Drosten C, Koopmans M, Leitmeyer K, On Behalf Of E-L and Erli N (2020) Laboratory readiness and response for novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in expert laboratories in 30 EU\/EEA countries, January 2020. Euro Surveill 25. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2807\/1560-7917.Es.2020.25.6.2000082","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.Es.2020.25.6.2000082"}],"container-title":["Clinical Oral Investigations"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-023-05070-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00784-023-05070-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-023-05070-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]],"date-time":"2023-08-10T17:03:16Z","timestamp":1691686996000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00784-023-05070-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["5070"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-023-05070-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1436-3771"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1436-3771","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 March 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 May 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 May 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee on Human Research (# 4.483.614).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}