{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T11:04:13Z","timestamp":1786446253541,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692576000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009379","name":"Interdisziplin\u00e4res Zentrum f\u00fcr Klinische Forschung, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum W\u00fcrzburg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009379","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum W\u00fcrzburg"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Oral Invest"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Different platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) protocols exist and are known to differ in resulting mechanical and bioactive properties. Centrifugation parameters may also influence drug release, in particular antibiotics, when using PRF as a bio-carrier. We thus evaluated three common protocols regarding effects on the bio-carrier properties.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In a prospective trial comprising 33 patients, we compared different protocols for PRF as a bio-carrier for ampicillin\/sulbactam (SAM). Blood samples were taken shortly after a single dose of ampicillin\/sulbactam (2 g\/1 g) was administered to patients intravenously. PRF was obtained by centrifugation and three protocols were used: protocol A (1300 rpm, 8 min, RCF-max\u2009=\u2009208 g), B (2300 rpm, 12 min, RCF-max\u2009=\u2009652 g), and C (1500 rpm, 14 min, RCF-max\u2009=\u2009276 g). The antibacterial activity of PRF was investigated against five oral species in vitro, based on agar diffusion methodology.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The study demonstrates that a single dose of SAM is sufficient to reach high concentrations in PRF in all protocols (150 \u00b5g\/ml), which is comparable to the plasma SAM concentration. Antibacterial activity was inferred from the diameter of inhibition zones seen in agar diffusion tests using PRF discs. Protocol B resulted in the largest inhibition zones. One-way ANOVA revealed statistically improved results for protocol B for some bacteria.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The study provides valuable data on PRF antibiotic enrichment, notably SAM. A single dose of SAM is sufficient to reach clinically relevant concentrations in PRF.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Clinical relevance<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>These findings potentially extend the application of PRF, for example in patients with osteonecrosis of the jaw or in oral surgery (e.g., stick bone).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-023-05212-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T09:02:06Z","timestamp":1692608526000},"page":"5991-5998","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Investigation of three common centrifugation protocols for platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as a bio-carrier for ampicillin\/sulbactam: a prospective trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Anton","family":"Straub","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Utz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Stapf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Vollmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Kasper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander C.","family":"K\u00fcbler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roman C.","family":"Brands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thi\u00ean-Tr\u00ed","family":"L\u00e2m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"5212_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-017-2133-z","volume":"21","author":"RJ Miron","year":"2017","unstructured":"Miron RJ, Zucchelli G, Pikos MA et al (2017) Use of platelet-rich fibrin in regenerative dentistry: a systematic review. 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Informed consent was obtained from every participant of this study. A copy of the written consent form is available for review from the corresponding author.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Consent for publication was obtained from all patients included in this study. A copy of the written consent form is available for review from the corresponding author.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}