{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T21:29:33Z","timestamp":1782336573915,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]],"date-time":"2023-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695168000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]],"date-time":"2023-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Dr Alison & Ross Hughes"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001774","name":"University of Sydney","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Oral Invest"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This prospective cohort study aimed to assess the association between dental disease burden and postoperative infective complications (POICs) in patients undergoing major surgical procedures under general anaesthesia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Pre-surgical dental assessment was undertaken on patients planned for major surgery. Demographic and surgical variables including putative risk factors for POICs and POIC status were documented. The univariable association between POIC status and each factor was examined. Those variables associated at <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> value\u2009\u2264\u20090.2 were candidates for inclusion in multiple logistic regression models. Backward stepwise variable selection was used to identify the independent predictors for POIC in the best fitting logistic regression model. The area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) was used to quantify the model\u2019s global classification performance.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Among the 285 patients, 49 patients (17.2%) had POICs. The independent predictors for POIC were expected length of hospital stay (4\u20136\u00a0days; odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20094.80, 95% confidence internal [CI]: 1.30\u201317.70, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018, 7\u20139\u00a0days; OR\u2009=\u20095.42, 95% CI: 1.51\u201319.41, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009,\u2009\u2265\u200910\u00a0days; OR\u2009=\u200928.80, 95% CI: 4.12\u2013201.18, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), four or more decayed teeth (OR\u2009=\u20096.03, 95% CI: 2.28\u201315.94, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and visible tongue plaque (OR\u2009=\u20093.21, 95% CI: 1.54\u20136.70, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002). The AUC was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.71\u20130.85) indicating good discrimination. A simple screening tool for POIC was developed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions\/Clinical relevance<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In addition to systemic\/surgical factors, this study identified clinically detected decayed teeth and visible tongue plaque as independent predictors for POICs. Preoperative dental assessment\/care might be beneficial to assess risk for POICs and improve postoperative outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-023-05251-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]],"date-time":"2023-09-20T19:01:56Z","timestamp":1695236516000},"page":"6461-6470","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Impact of oral\/dental disease burden on postoperative infective complications: a prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Hanako","family":"Suenaga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Schifter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farheen","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Byth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Peck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"5251_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1046\/j.2003.com122.x","volume":"31","author":"PE Petersen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Petersen PE (2003) The World Oral Health Report 2003: continuous improvement of oral health in the 21st century\u2013the approach of the WHO Global Oral Health Programme. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 31(Suppl 1):3\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.2003.com122.x","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"key":"5251_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.7596","volume":"320","author":"A Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang A, Gaca JG, Chu VH (2018) Management considerations in infective endocarditis: a review. JAMA 320:72\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2018.7596","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"5251_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2022.01.071","volume":"23","author":"H Suenaga","year":"2022","unstructured":"Suenaga H, Aida J, Kumasaka A et al (2022) Impact of dental referral prior to elective surgery on postoperative outcomes. J Am Med Dir Assoc 23:638\u2013645. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2022.01.071","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"5251_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s13741-016-0030-7","volume":"5","author":"P Spreadborough","year":"2016","unstructured":"Spreadborough P, Lort S, Pasquali S et al (2016) A systematic review and meta-analysis of perioperative oral decontamination in patients undergoing major elective surgery. Perioper Med (Lond) 5:6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13741-016-0030-7","journal-title":"Perioper Med (Lond)"},{"key":"5251_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2019.01.014","volume":"158","author":"A Bardia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bardia A, Blitz D, Dai F et al (2019) Preoperative chlorhexidine mouthwash to reduce pneumonia after cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 158:1094\u20131100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2019.01.014","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"5251_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2021.05.008","volume":"170","author":"S Liang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liang S, Zhang X, Hu Y et al (2021) Association between perioperative chlorhexidine oral care and postoperative pneumonia in non-cardiac surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Surgery 170:1418\u20131431. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surg.2021.05.008","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"5251_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0254698","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0254698","volume":"16","author":"M Kachapila","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kachapila M, Ademuyiwa AO, Biccard BM et al (2021) Preliminary model assessing the cost-effectiveness of preoperative chlorhexidine mouthwash at reducing postoperative pneumonia among abdominal surgery patients in South Africa. PLoS One 16:e0254698. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0254698","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"5251_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10915","volume":"105","author":"M Ishimaru","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ishimaru M, Matsui H, Ono S et al (2018) Preoperative oral care and effect on postoperative complications after major cancer surgery. Br J Surg 105:1688\u20131696. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bjs.10915","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"5251_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2018.11.020","volume":"165","author":"E Iwata","year":"2019","unstructured":"Iwata E, Hasegawa T, Yamada SI et al (2019) Effects of perioperative oral care on prevention of postoperative pneumonia after lung resection: Multicenter retrospective study with propensity score matching analysis. Surgery 165:1003\u20131007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surg.2018.11.020","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"5251_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4155","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-019-05242-w","volume":"28","author":"S Soutome","year":"2020","unstructured":"Soutome S, Hasegawa T, Yamguchi T et al (2020) Prevention of postoperative pneumonia by perioperative oral care in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing surgery: a multicenter retrospective study of 775 patients. Support Care Cancer 28:4155\u20134162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00520-019-05242-w","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"5251_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.26298","volume":"10","author":"M Usubuchi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Usubuchi M, Matsuura K, Goto T et al (2019) Professional oral health care at general dental clinic reduces postoperative complications of head and neck free-flap reconstruction surgery. J Cancer 10:205\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/jca.26298","journal-title":"J Cancer"},{"key":"5251_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2016.10.029","volume":"224","author":"KA Ban","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ban KA, Minei JP, Laronga C et al (2016) American College of Surgeons and Surgical Infection Society: surgical site infection guidelines, 2016 Update. J Am Coll Surg 224:59\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2016.10.029","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"5251_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Patel AS, Bergman A, Moore BW et al (2013) The economic burden of complications occurring in major surgical procedures: a systematic review. Appl Health Econ Health Policy 11577\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40258-013-0060-y","DOI":"10.1007\/s40258-013-0060-y"},{"key":"5251_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-019-01877-8","volume":"50","author":"M Kanda","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kanda M (2020) Preoperative predictors of postoperative complications after gastric cancer resection. Surg today 50:3\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00595-019-01877-8","journal-title":"Surg today"},{"key":"5251_CR15","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2018) Global guidelines for the prevention of surgical site infection (2nd ed.). https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/277399. Accessed 10 Feb 2022"},{"key":"5251_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-9-104","volume":"9","author":"K Bagyi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bagyi K, Haczku A, Marton I et al (2009) Role of pathogenic oral flora in postoperative pneumonia following brain surgery. BMC Infect Dis 9:104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2334-9-104","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"5251_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.13828","volume":"12","author":"C Jia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jia C, Luan Y, Li X et al (2021) Effects of periodontitis on postoperative pneumonia in patients with lung and esophageal cancer. Thorac Cancer 12:768\u2013774. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1759-7714.13828","journal-title":"Thorac Cancer"},{"key":"5251_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-019-01513-y","volume":"24","author":"M Nishikawa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nishikawa M, Honda M, Kimura R et al (2019) Clinical impact of periodontal disease on postoperative complications in gastrointestinal cancer patients. Int J Clin Oncol 24:1558\u20131564. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10147-019-01513-y","journal-title":"Int J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"5251_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s12306-018-0568-2","volume":"103","author":"B Mirzashahi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mirzashahi B, Tonkaboni A, Chehrassan M et al (2019) The role of poor oral health in surgical site infection following elective spinal surgery. Musculoskelet Surg 103:167\u2013171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12306-018-0568-2","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Surg"},{"key":"5251_CR20","unstructured":"Petersen PE, Baez RJ, World Health Organization ( 2013) Oral health surveys: basic methods, 5th ed. World Health Organization, pp 42\u201347. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/97035"},{"key":"5251_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1875-595x.2002.tb00595.x","volume":"52","author":"RG Landry","year":"2002","unstructured":"Landry RG, Jean M (2002) Periodontal Screening and Recording (PSR) Index: precursors, utility and limitations in a clinical setting. Int Dent J 52:35\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1875-595x.2002.tb00595.x","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"key":"5251_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1964.0034","volume":"68","author":"JC Greene","year":"1964","unstructured":"Greene JC, Vermillion JR (1964) The Simplified Oral Hygiene Index. J Am Dent Assoc 68:7\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14219\/jada.archive.1964.0034","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"5251_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2007.08.005","volume":"47","author":"S Abe","year":"2008","unstructured":"Abe S, Ishihara K, Adachi M et al (2008) Tongue-coating as risk indicator for aspiration pneumonia in edentate elderly. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 47:267\u2013275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.archger.2007.08.005","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"5251_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-018-0339-4","volume":"106","author":"DHJ Jager","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jager DHJ, Bots CP, Forouzanfar T et al (2018) Clinical oral dryness score: evaluation of a new screening method for oral dryness. Odontology 106:439\u2013444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10266-018-0339-4","journal-title":"Odontology"},{"key":"5251_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e38","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30756-X","volume":"20","author":"JC Alverdy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alverdy JC, Hyman N, Gilbert J (2020) Re-examining causes of surgical site infections following elective surgery in the era of asepsis. Lancet Infect Dis 20:e38\u2013e43. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30756-X","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"5251_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.138.3.314","volume":"138","author":"P Pessaux","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pessaux P, Msika S, Atalla D et al (2003) Risk factors for postoperative infectious complications in noncolorectal abdominal surgery: a multivariate analysis based on a prospective multicenter study of 4718 patients. Arch Surg 138:314\u2013324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archsurg.138.3.314","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"5251_CR27","unstructured":"Doyle DJ, Hendrix JM, Garmon EH (2023) American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification. [Updated 2022 Dec 4]. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK441940\/"},{"key":"5251_CR28","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2019) International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (11th ed.). https:\/\/icd.who.int\/. Accessed 10 Feb 2022"},{"key":"5251_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3581","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-018-2783-5","volume":"23","author":"M Ishimaru","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ishimaru M, Ono S, Matsui H et al (2019) Association between perioperative oral care and postoperative pneumonia after cancer resection: conventional versus high-dimensional propensity score matching analysis. Clin Oral Investig 23:3581\u20133588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-018-2783-5","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"5251_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2711","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.13396","volume":"39","author":"T Aoyama","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aoyama T, Tamagawa A (2019) Clinical impact of perioperative oral\/dental care on cancer surgery outcomes. Anticancer Res 39:2711\u20132714. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21873\/anticanres.13396","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"5251_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-013-3049-y","volume":"40","author":"EH Bergan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bergan EH, Tura BR, Lamas CC (2014) Impact of improvement in preoperative oral health on nosocomial pneumonia in a group of cardiac surgery patients: a single arm prospective intervention study. Intensive Care Med 40:23\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00134-013-3049-y","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"5251_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1159\/000121903","volume":"25","author":"Y Akutsu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Akutsu Y, Matsubara H, Okazumi S et al (2008) Impact of preoperative dental plaque culture for predicting postoperative pneumonia in esophageal cancer patients. Dig Surg 25:93\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000121903","journal-title":"Dig Surg"},{"key":"5251_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2209\/tdcpublication.2018-0069","volume":"61","author":"M Iwamoto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Iwamoto M, Morikawa T, Narita M (2020) Investigation of surgical site infections and bacteria detected following neck dissection in patients with oral cancer. Bull Tokyo Dent Coll 61:1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2209\/tdcpublication.2018-0069","journal-title":"Bull Tokyo Dent Coll"},{"key":"5251_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.14740\/jocmr3002w","volume":"9","author":"M Chughtai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chughtai M, Gwam CU, Mohamed N et al (2017) The Epidemiology and risk factors for postoperative pneumonia. J Clin Med Res 9:466\u2013475. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14740\/jocmr3002w","journal-title":"J Clin Med Res"},{"key":"5251_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0242091","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0242091","volume":"15","author":"M Nishikawa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nishikawa M, Honda M, Kimura R et al (2020) The bacterial association with oral cavity and intra-abdominal abscess after gastrectomy. PLoS One 15:e0242091. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0242091","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"5251_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E132","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd16.180641","volume":"16","author":"MW Seitz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Seitz MW, Listl S, Bartols A et al (2019) Current knowledge on correlations between highly prevalent dental conditions and chronic diseases: an umbrella review. Prev Chronic Dis 16:E132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5888\/pcd16.180641","journal-title":"Prev Chronic Dis"},{"key":"5251_CR37","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2021) Extracts from document EB148\/2021\/REC\/1 for consideration by the Seventy-fourth World Health Assembly. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/gb\/ebwha\/pdf_files\/WHA74\/B148_REC1_EXT-en.pdf. Accessed 10 Feb 2022"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"5251_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60800-5","volume":"385","author":"BT Stewart","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stewart BT, Wong E, Gupta S et al (2015) Surgical need in an ageing population: a cluster-based household survey in Nepal. Lancet 385(Suppl 2):S5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60800-5","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"5251_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1097\/01.SLA.0000081085.98792.3d","volume":"238","author":"DA Etzioni","year":"2003","unstructured":"Etzioni DA, Liu JH, Maggard MA et al (2003) The aging population and its impact on the surgery workforce. Ann Surg 238:170\u2013177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.SLA.0000081085.98792.3d","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"20","key":"5251_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4571","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20184571","volume":"15","author":"H Yumoto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yumoto H, Hirota K, Hirao K et al (2019) The pathogenic factors from oral Streptococci for systemic diseases. Int J Mol Sci 15(20):4571. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms20184571","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"}],"container-title":["Clinical Oral Investigations"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-023-05251-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00784-023-05251-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-023-05251-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T10:06:35Z","timestamp":1699351595000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00784-023-05251-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["5251"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-023-05251-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1436-3771"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1436-3771","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 June 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 September 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 September 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This study was granted ethical approval from the Human Research Ethics Committee, Western Sydney Local Health District (No. LNR\/17\/WMEAD\/579).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Patients signed informed consent regarding publishing their data.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}}]}}