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Discs were divided according to thickness (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930) into T<jats:sub>0.5<\/jats:sub> (0.5\u00a0mm) and T<jats:sub>1.0<\/jats:sub> (1.0\u00a0mm). Each thickness was divided according to the number of firing cycles (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910); F<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> (Control group): 1 firing cycle; F<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>: 3 firing cycles, and F<jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>: 5 firing cycles. The discs were tested for color change (\u0394E<jats:sub>00<\/jats:sub>) and translucency (TP<jats:sub>00<\/jats:sub>) using a spectrophotometer. Then, all samples were subjected to biaxial flexure strength testing using a universal testing machine. Data were collected and statistically analyzed (\u03b1\u2009=\u20090.5). For chemical analysis, six additional T<jats:sub>0.5<\/jats:sub> discs (2 for each firing cycle) were prepared; for each firing cycle one disc was subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and another disc was subjected to Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Repeated firing significantly reduced the translucency of F<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> and F<jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub> compared to F<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> in T<jats:sub>0.5<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), while for T<jats:sub>1.0<\/jats:sub> only F<jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub> showed a significant decrease in TP<jats:sub>00<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). For \u0394E<jats:sub>00<\/jats:sub>, a significant increase was recorded with repeated firings (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) while a significant decrease resulted in the biaxial flexure strength regardless of thickness.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Repeated firings had a negative effect on both the optical and mechanical properties of the Virgilite-containing lithium disilicate glass ceramics.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Clinical relevance<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Repeated firings should be avoided with Virgilite-containing lithium disilicate ceramics to decrease fracture liability and preserve restoration esthetics.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-024-05746-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T07:01:45Z","timestamp":1718262105000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Effect of multiple firings on optical and mechanical properties of Virgilite-containing lithium disilicate glass-ceramic of varying thickness"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2236-5374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amr","family":"Rizk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4830-4594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Abdou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reem","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Omar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"5746_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kjms.2018.01.012","volume":"34","author":"A Willard","year":"2018","unstructured":"Willard A, Gabriel Chu T (2018) The science and application of IPS e.Max dental ceramic. 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