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Participants were randomly divided into two groups with 14 participants and 29 incipient lesions in each group. Patients were assigned either to self-assembling peptide combined with fluoride (Curodont Repair Fluoride Plus\u2122) or sodium fluoride varnish (NaF, Bifluorid 10) groups. Both agents were applied according to the manufacturer\u2019s instructions on non-cavitated incipient carious lesions. Lesions were assessed by two calibrated and blinded assessors at baseline, and after one-, three- and six-months using a laser fluorescence device (DIAGNOdent).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Although laser fluorescence scores significantly improved in both groups over time (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), no notable differences were evident between both groups at one-month (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Yet, at three- and six-months statistically lower laser fluorescence readings were evident in the self-assembling peptide combined with fluoride group in comparison to the fluoride alone group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). There was 60% less risk for caries progression for Curodont Repair Fluoride Plus\u2122 when compared to NaF varnish after six months. Self-assembling peptide combined with fluoride was able to change 65.5% of non-cavitated carious lesions from DIAGNOdent score 3 (11\u201320) to score 1 (0\u20134). Fluoride varnish was able to change 13.8% of the lesions from score 3 to score 1 after six months.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The self-assembling peptide combined with fluoride varnish showed higher remineralization potential than fluoride varnish alone for incipient carious lesions over a six-months follow up.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Clinical relevance<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The combination of self-assembling peptide P11-4 and fluoride could offer a new tool in managing incipient carious lesions.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-024-05822-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T10:01:58Z","timestamp":1721642518000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Evaluation of the remineralization potential of self-assembling peptide P11-4 with fluoride compared to fluoride varnish in the management of incipient carious lesions: a randomized controlled clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Omar","family":"Shaalan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karim","family":"Fawzy El-Sayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman","family":"Abouauf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"5822_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2017.04.007","volume":"249","author":"A Szcze\u015b","year":"2017","unstructured":"Szcze\u015b A, Ho\u0142ysz L, Chibowski E (2017) Synthesis of hydroxyapatite for biomedical applications. 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