{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T13:24:45Z","timestamp":1758893085409,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726444800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Bern"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Oral Invest"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This is a report of the 5-year results of a two-group parallel randomized clinical trial comparing longitudinal implant stability, and clinical and radiographic peri-implant outcomes of mandibular overdentures retained by one (1-IOD group) or two (2-IOD group) implants.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>All participants received 4.1\u00a0mm diameter tissue-level implants (Straumann<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> Standard Plus \u2013 SLActive<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>, Institut Straumann AG), installed in the mandible midline (1-IOD; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200923) or the lateral incisor-canine area bilaterally (2-IOD; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200924), and loaded after 3 weeks. Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) was measured using a resonance frequency device (Osstell<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> Mentor, Integration Diagnostics) at implant placement, after three weeks (loading), and at the 6-month, 1-, 3-, and 5-year follow-ups. Marginal bone loss and clinical implant outcomes (plaque, calculus, suppuration and bleeding) were assessed periodically up to 5 years after loading.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Only minor changes in marginal bone level were observed after 5 years (mean\u2009=\u20090.37; SD\u2009=\u20090.44\u00a0mm), and satisfactory and stable peri-implant parameters were observed throughout the 5-year follow-up. No significant differences between groups were found. Overall, the mean primary implant stability was considered high (&gt;\u200970) for the two groups (1-IOD\u2009=\u200978.1\u2009\u00b1\u20094.5; 2-IOD\u2009=\u200978.0\u2009\u00b1\u20095.8). No noticeable changes were observed between implant insertion and loading. A marked increase was observed from insertion to the 6-month follow-up \u2013 the mean difference for the 1-IOD group was +\u20095.5\u2009\u00b1\u20095.5 (Effect size\u2009=\u20091.00), while for the 2-IOD group, the mean difference was +\u20096.0\u2009\u00b1\u20095.6 (Effect size\u2009=\u20091.08). No relevant changes were observed throughout the follow-up periods up to 5 years. Linear mixed-effect model regression showed no influence of the bone-related variables (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05) and the number of implants (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.087), and a significant effect of the time variable (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Satisfactory peri-implant outcomes and stable secondary stability suggest good clinical performance and successful long-term osseointegration of the implants for single and two-implant mandibular overdentures. Using a single implant to retain a mandibular overdenture does not seem to result in detrimental implant loading over the five years of overdenture use.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Clinical relevance<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study corroborates the use of a single implant to retain a mandibular denture.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-024-05914-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T03:13:42Z","timestamp":1726456422000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Mandibular overdentures retained by 1 or 2 implants: a 5-year randomized clinical trial on implant stability and peri-implant outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6812-4849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udio Rodrigues","family":"Leles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela Pereira","family":"de Resende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nilva","family":"de Oliveira Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lays Noleto","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0198-5828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadia Lago","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3365-576X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murali","family":"Srinivasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9700-5534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Schimmel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"5914_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12407","volume":"88","author":"F Schwarz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schwarz F, Ramanauskaite A (2022) It is all about peri-implant tissue health. 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The study protocol was approved by the research ethical committee of the Federal University of Goias (CAAE: 65240617.5.0000.5083; CAAE 5525322.4.0000.5083), and all participants were informed about the study protocol and signed an informed consent form to participate in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Cl\u00e1udio R. Leles, Murali Srinivasan and Martin Schimmel are the recipients of other funding from Institut Straumann AG and the ITI. The other authors declare they do not have any conflict of interest related to the present study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"ClinicalTrials. Gov ID: NCT03691285 \u2013 Mandibular Overdenture Retained by 1 or 2 Implants: A Cost-effectiveness Analysis (IOD1-2). Study start: 09\/04\/2017","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Trial registration"}}],"article-number":"527"}}