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Group I (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200913patients) was treated using 1064\u00a0nm Nd-YAG Laser (4 sessions once\/week). Group II (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200914 patients) was treated by intramuscular injection of EGF. Pain using numerical rating score, pain free opening and unassisted maximum opening were measured at baseline, 7,14,21 days, 1 and 3 months. Quality of life using OHIP-14 was assessed at baseline, 1 and 3 months.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Results showed that there was a significant pain reduction (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<jats:bold>&lt;\u20090.000<\/jats:bold>) and increase in pain free opening (P\u2009<jats:bold>&lt;\u20090.0001<\/jats:bold>) in both test groups. However, only group I showed a significant increase in maximum opening (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009<jats:bold>0.007<\/jats:bold>). Quality of life significantly improved in both groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009<jats:bold>0.0001<\/jats:bold>). There was no significant difference between the two treatments in pain scores, pain free opening, maximum opening nor quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Both treatment modalities offered effective and cost-effective non- to minimally invasive treatment options for myogenic TMD with no side effects.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Clinical relevance<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Myogenic TMD forms a public health issue and is a common musculoskeletal problem causing pain and disability. The proposal of effective, non-invasive, and affordable treatment options can help solve this issue.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-025-06189-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T05:46:37Z","timestamp":1738820797000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Piano level laser therapy versus epidermal growth factor injection for painful myogenic temporomandibular disorder (a randomized clinical trial)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Passant Osama","family":"Qataya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azza Mohamed","family":"Zaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Swedan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hagar","family":"Elkafrawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"6189_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/24740527.2019.1709163","volume":"4","author":"TL Doshi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Doshi TL, Nixdorf DR, Campbell CM, Raja SN (2020) Biomarkers in temporomandibular disorder and trigeminal neuralgia: a conceptual framework for understanding chronic pain. 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