{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T23:01:32Z","timestamp":1772233292651,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741305600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741305600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Afyonkarahisar Health Science University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Oral Invest"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This finite element analysis study aims to evaluate the effects of restoring 1\u00a0mm and 2\u00a0mm diastemas in maxillary anterior incisors with different CAD-CAM materials on stress distribution and to compare full crown and laminate veneer restorations.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Maxillary anterior tooth models simulating laminate veneer and full crown restorations were created. The experimental groups were categorized into four based on diastema width (1\u00a0mm and 2\u00a0mm) and CAD-CAM materials. Loads of 50\u00a0N, 150\u00a0N, and 250\u00a0N were applied vertically at 0\u00b0 and obliquely at 30\u00b0 and 60\u00b0 angles to the central incisor\u2019s incisal midpoint. Von Mises stress values were analyzed numerically and visually with color-coded comparisons for all models.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>When laminate veneer restorations were used to close diastemas, the highest stress values under a 250\u00a0N vertical load and 2\u00a0mm diastema were observed in the lateral incisor. IPS E.max exhibited a stress value of 166.88\u00a0MPa for the superstructure, while Lava Ultimate recorded 35.49\u00a0MPa in the lateral incisor. Within the dentin, the highest stress was 45.92\u00a0MPa for IPS E.max and 65.74\u00a0MPa for Lava Ultimate in the lateral incisor. When full crown restorations were employed, the highest stress values under a 250\u00a0N vertical load were again recorded in the lateral incisor. IPS E.max showed a stress value of 198.03\u00a0MPa for the superstructure, while Lava Ultimate demonstrated 40.80\u00a0MPa. The highest stress values within the dentin were 65.20\u00a0MPa for IPS E.max and 65.74\u00a0MPa for Lava Ultimate in the lateral incisor.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This finite element analysis highlights that the type of restoration and diastema width significantly affect stress distribution in anterior teeth. IPS E.max material exhibited higher stress values, leading to more significant stress accumulation than other materials in laminate veneer and full crown restorations. Additionally, Lava Ultimate showed the highest stress values within the dentin. These findings underscore the importance of selecting appropriate CAD-CAM materials and restoration types to optimize stress distribution in diastema closures, providing critical insights for restoration planning.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-025-06258-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T08:46:05Z","timestamp":1741337165000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Stress distribution in the closure of anterior maxillary diastemas using different restorative approaches: a finite element analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Kevser","family":"Karakaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rahime Zeynep","family":"Erdem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"6258_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-775720130472","volume":"22","author":"JF Morais","year":"2014","unstructured":"Morais JF, Freitas MR, Freitas KM, Janson G, Castello Branco N (2014) Postretention stability after orthodontic closure of maxillary interincisor diastemas. 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The application for the study titled \u2018Investigation of Stress Occurring Due to the Closure of Diastema Between Maxillary Incisors with Ceramic and Composite Restorations Using Finite Element Analysis,\u2019 under the responsibility of Dr. Kevser Karakaya, was reviewed. The approval was granted during the meeting held on 07.07.2023 (Meeting No: 2023\/7, at 09:00; Ethics Committee Code: 2011-KAEK-2). The committee determined that the study complies with the Clinical Research Regulations published by the Ministry of Health on 13.04.2013 (Official Gazette No. 28617) and related guidelines. It was unanimously decided by the attending members that there are no ethical concerns in conducting the study, with all responsibility resting on the researchers.\u201d","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"172"}}