{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T10:43:42Z","timestamp":1778928222028,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]],"date-time":"2025-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755907200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]],"date-time":"2025-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006389","name":"University of Geneva","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006389","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Oral Invest"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We aimed to compare the antibiotic concentrations obtained using the volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) devices with those determined in plasma from conventional venous blood collected within the frame of a pharmacokinetic study of amoxicillin (AMO), metronidazole (MET), azithromycin (AZI), commonly used for periodontal treatment. The suitability and overall, acceptability of the VAMS approach was also ascertained by both participants of the pilot study and dentist practitioners.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Twelve volunteers (6 subjects without periodontal problems (PH), and 6 individuals affected with periodontitis (PP)) were administered 500\u00a0mg each of amoxicillin, metronidazole, and azithromycin. Paired venous blood (VB) and capillary VAMS samples were collected at 2-, 6-,10-, 24-, 48- and 96-hours post-antibiotics administration. Antibiotic concentrations were determined using multiplex liquid chromatography coupled tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS\/MS). Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney U tests and t-tests.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Significant differences in antibiotic concentrations were observed between VAMS and venous blood (VB) collection methods, across different time points for the three antibiotics (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). AMO concentrations in VB were 3.5-fold higher (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) than in VAMS at early time points (2, 6, 10\u00a0h (h)). MET levels in VB were 1.5-fold higher than in VAMS at 2\u00a0h and 6\u00a0h, (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), but this difference disappeared after 10\u00a0h. Alternately, while AZI levels were similar in VB and VAMs 2\u00a0h after administration, AZI concentrations in VB and VAMS declined non parallelly, with VB levels decreasing to about 60 to 25% of those measured in VAMS over the observed 96\u00a0h interval. Antibiotic exposures were not different in the PH and PP groups. Differences in antibiotics concentrations determined in VB and VAMS samples are a direct consequence of (i) the matrices used for analyses (plasma in VB, vs. whole blood with VAMS), (ii) the subjects\u2019 hematocrit, and (iii) the distinct cell distribution pattern of antibiotics with AMO characterized by a weak penetration in red blood cells (RBC) while AZI tends to progressively concentrate into RBC. MET was present at higher concentrations in plasma until 6\u00a0h which thereafter tended to re-equilibrate equally in plasma and RBC.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Though VAMS yielded significantly different results compared to plasma, it effectively reflects the concentration evolution of the antibiotics and could be an alternative in pharmacokinetic studies and therapeutic monitoring.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Clinical relevance<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>VAMS holds promise in advancing therapeutic drug monitoring in periodontal research and clinical practice. Being less invasive than venous puncture it is well accepted by subjects and facilitate blood monitoring in clinical trials and non-hospital settings. Its minimal invasiveness and simplified logistics make it suitable for enhancing precision medicine and pharmaceutical approaches in periodontology.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-025-06466-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]],"date-time":"2025-08-23T03:45:35Z","timestamp":1755920735000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A comparison between venous blood sampling and capillary volumetric absorptive microsampling for antibiotics levels monitoring in individuals with and without periodontal disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Ioanna","family":"Lazaridi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Choong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Mercier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurent A.","family":"Decosterd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Giannopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alkisti","family":"Zekeridou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"6466_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.4155\/bio-2017-0269","volume":"10","author":"YC Guerra Valero","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guerra Valero YC et al (2018) Clinical application of microsampling versus conventional sampling techniques in the quantitative bioanalysis of antibiotics: a systematic review. Bioanalysis 10(6):407\u2013423","journal-title":"Bioanalysis"},{"issue":"11","key":"6466_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.4155\/bio.10.149","volume":"2","author":"G Corso","year":"2010","unstructured":"Corso G et al (2010) A powerful couple in the future of clinical biochemistry: in situ analysis of dried blood spots by ambient mass spectrometry. Bioanalysis 2(11):1883\u20131891","journal-title":"Bioanalysis"},{"issue":"6","key":"6466_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.4155\/bio.14.310","volume":"7","author":"N Spooner","year":"2015","unstructured":"Spooner N et al (2015) A device for dried blood microsampling in quantitative bioanalysis: overcoming the issues associated blood hematocrit. Bioanalysis 7(6):653\u2013659","journal-title":"Bioanalysis"},{"key":"6466_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2020.113102","volume":"182","author":"V Londhe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Londhe V, Rajadhyaksha M (2020) Opportunities and obstacles for microsampling techniques in bioanalysis: special focus on DBS and VAMS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 182:113102","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"issue":"11","key":"6466_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.4155\/bio-2018-0010","volume":"10","author":"K Bloem","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bloem K et al (2018) Capillary blood microsampling to determine serum biopharmaceutical concentration: Mitra((R)) microsampler vs dried blood spot. Bioanalysis 10(11):815\u2013823","journal-title":"Bioanalysis"},{"issue":"1","key":"6466_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-022-08782-w","volume":"22","author":"D Lingervelder","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lingervelder D et al (2022) The societal impact of implementing an at-home blood sampling device for chronic care patients: patient preferences and cost impact. BMC Health Serv Res 22(1):1529","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"6466_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2015.04.056","volume":"881","author":"PMM De Kesel","year":"2015","unstructured":"De Kesel PMM, Lambert WE, Stove CP (2015) Does volumetric absorptive microsampling eliminate the hematocrit bias for caffeine and paraxanthine in dried blood samples? A comparative study. Anal Chim Acta 881:65\u201373","journal-title":"Anal Chim Acta"},{"issue":"1","key":"6466_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-022-04394-9","volume":"415","author":"CM Jacobs","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jacobs CM et al (2023) Closing the gap \u2014 development of an analytical methodology using volumetric absorptive microsampling of finger prick blood followed by LC-HRMS\/MS for adherence monitoring of antihypertensive drugs. Anal Bioanal Chem 415(1):167\u2013177","journal-title":"Anal Bioanal Chem"},{"key":"6466_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2023.156355","volume":"171","author":"R McMahon","year":"2023","unstructured":"McMahon R et al (2023) Stability of inflammation markers in human blood collected using volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) under typical laboratory storage temperatures. Cytokine 171:156355","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"issue":"1","key":"6466_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345000790010701","volume":"79","author":"GD Slade","year":"2000","unstructured":"Slade GD et al (2000) Acute-phase inflammatory response to periodontal disease in the US population. J Dent Res 79(1):49\u201357","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"6466_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2000.71.10.1528","volume":"71","author":"BG Loos","year":"2000","unstructured":"Loos BG et al (2000) Elevation of systemic markers related to cardiovascular diseases in the peripheral blood of periodontitis patients. J Periodontol 71(10):1528\u20131534","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"6466_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.29.s3.8.x","volume":"29","author":"D Herrera","year":"2002","unstructured":"Herrera D et al (2002) A systematic review on the effect of systemic antimicrobials as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontitis patients. J Clin Periodontol 29(Suppl 3):136\u201359 (discussion 160-2)","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"6","key":"6466_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2011.110432","volume":"83","author":"F Sgolastra","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sgolastra F et al (2012) Effectiveness of systemic amoxicillin\/metronidazole as an adjunctive therapy to full-mouth scaling and root planing in the treatment of aggressive periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontol 83(6):731\u2013743","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"11","key":"6466_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2004.75.11.1553","volume":"75","author":"J Slots","year":"2004","unstructured":"Slots J, Research S, Therapy C (2004) Systemic antibiotics in periodontics. J Periodontol 75(11):1553\u20131565","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6466_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1902\/annals.2003.8.1.115","volume":"8","author":"AD Haffajee","year":"2003","unstructured":"Haffajee AD, Socransky SS, Gunsolley JC (2003) Systemic anti-infective periodontal therapy. A systematic review. Ann Periodontol 8(1):115\u2013181","journal-title":"Ann Periodontol"},{"key":"6466_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S162","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12946","volume":"45","author":"PN Papapanou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Papapanou PN et al (2018) Periodontitis: consensus report of workgroup 2 of the 2017 world workshop on the classification of periodontal and Peri-Implant diseases and conditions. J Clin Periodontol 45:S162\u2013S170","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"6466_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S145","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12683","volume":"44","author":"R L\u00f3pez","year":"2017","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez R et al (2017) Ageing, dental caries and periodontal diseases. J Clin Periodontol 44:S145\u2013S152","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"6466_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2015.04.056","volume":"881","author":"PM De Kesel","year":"2015","unstructured":"De Kesel PM, Lambert WE, Stove CP (2015) Does volumetric absorptive microsampling eliminate the hematocrit bias for caffeine and paraxanthine in dried blood samples? A comparative study. Anal Chim Acta 881:65\u201373","journal-title":"Anal Chim Acta"},{"key":"6466_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2017.01.006","volume":"120","author":"K Heussner","year":"2017","unstructured":"Heussner K et al (2017) Adhesive blood microsampling systems for steroid measurement via LC-MS\/MS in the rat. Steroids 120:1\u20136","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"issue":"17","key":"6466_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8787","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.6b02199","volume":"88","author":"H John","year":"2016","unstructured":"John H et al (2016) Procedures for analysis of dried plasma using microsampling devices to detect sulfur Mustard-Albumin adducts for verification of poisoning. Anal Chem 88(17):8787\u20138794","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"6466_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2017.00009","volume":"4","author":"M Kopp","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kopp M, Rychlik M (2017) Assessing volumetric absorptive microsampling coupled with stable isotope dilution assay and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry as potential diagnostic tool for whole blood 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid. Front Nutr 4:9","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"6466_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2016.02.015","volume":"123","author":"L Mercolini","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mercolini L et al (2016) LC-MS\/MS and volumetric absorptive microsampling for quantitative bioanalysis of cathinone analogues in dried urine, plasma and oral fluid samples. J Pharm Biomed Anal 123:186\u2013194","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"key":"6466_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2017.02.060","volume":"140","author":"G Nys","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nys G et al (2017) Whole blood microsampling for the quantitation of estetrol without derivatization by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 140:258\u2013265","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"key":"6466_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2016.12.038","volume":"1044\u20131045","author":"M Protti","year":"2017","unstructured":"Protti M et al (2017) Dried haematic microsamples and LC-MS\/MS for the analysis of natural and synthetic cannabinoids. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 1044\u20131045:77\u201386","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci"},{"key":"6466_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soenen R et al (2022) Promising tools to facilitate the implementation of TDM of biologics in clinical practice. J Clin Med 11(11)","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11113011"},{"key":"6466_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo13020146","author":"C Volani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Volani C et al (2023) VAMS-based blood capillary sampling for mass Spectrometry-based human metabolomics studies. Metabolites. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/metabo13020146","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"6466_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2018.04.036","volume":"156","author":"IKL Andersen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Andersen IKL et al (2018) Volumetric absorptive microsampling vs. other blood sampling materials in LC-MS-based protein analysis - preliminary investigations. J Pharm Biomed Anal 156:239\u2013246","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"key":"6466_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27175652","author":"M Protti","year":"2022","unstructured":"Protti M et al (2022) Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) for targeted LC-MS\/MS determination of tryptophan-related biomarkers. Molecules. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules27175652","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"1","key":"6466_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.4155\/bio-2023-0171","volume":"16","author":"J Takyi-Williams","year":"2024","unstructured":"Takyi-Williams J et al (2024) Bioanalysis of six antibiotics from volumetric microsamples: a new tool for precision dosing in critically ill children. Bioanalysis 16(1):19\u201331","journal-title":"Bioanalysis"},{"key":"6466_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2017.07.033","volume":"145","author":"S Barco","year":"2017","unstructured":"Barco S et al (2017) Volumetric adsorptive microsampling-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry assay for the simultaneous quantification of four antibiotics in human blood: method development, validation and comparison with dried blood spot. J Pharm Biomed Anal 145:704\u2013710","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"issue":"12","key":"6466_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-022-01187-2","volume":"61","author":"L Boffel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Boffel L et al (2022) Application of a volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS)-based method for the determination of Paracetamol and four of its metabolites as a tool for pharmacokinetic studies in obese and non-obese patients. Clin Pharmacokinet 61(12):1719\u20131733","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"6466_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2016.12.012","volume":"135","author":"AE Kip","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kip AE et al (2017) Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) as an alternative to conventional dried blood spots in the quantification of miltefosine in dried blood samples. J Pharm Biomed Anal 135:160\u2013166","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"issue":"4","key":"6466_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-022-09962-1","volume":"194","author":"A Koutsimpani-Wagner","year":"2022","unstructured":"Koutsimpani-Wagner A et al (2022) Mercury biomonitoring in German adults using volumetric absorptive microsampling. Environ Monit Assess 194(4):315","journal-title":"Environ Monit Assess"},{"key":"6466_CR34","unstructured":"DrugBank DrugBank online. 08.02.2025; Available from: https:\/\/go.drugbank.com"},{"key":"6466_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1308632","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1308632","volume":"14","author":"S Biagiotti","year":"2023","unstructured":"Biagiotti S, Perla E, Magnani M (2023) Drug transport by red blood cells. Front Physiol 14:1308632","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6466_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/133.2.175","volume":"133","author":"ML Kornguth","year":"1976","unstructured":"Kornguth ML, Kunin CM (1976) Uptake of antibiotics by human erythrocytes. J Infect Dis 133(2):175\u2013184","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12 Pt 2","key":"6466_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130s","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.2005.25.12part2.130S","volume":"25","author":"GL Mandell","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mandell GL (2005) Uptake, transport, delivery, and intracellular activity of antimicrobial agents. Pharmacotherapy 25(12 Pt 2):130s\u2013133s","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"11","key":"6466_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2600","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt240","volume":"68","author":"M Carlier","year":"2013","unstructured":"Carlier M et al (2013) Population pharmacokinetics and dosing simulations of amoxicillin\/clavulanic acid in critically ill patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 68(11):2600\u20132608","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"4","key":"6466_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02011-12","volume":"57","author":"P Matzneller","year":"2013","unstructured":"Matzneller P et al (2013) Blood, tissue, and intracellular concentrations of azithromycin during and after end of therapy. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 57(4):1736\u20131742","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"11","key":"6466_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2011.110012","volume":"82","author":"PC Lai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lai PC et al (2011) Azithromycin concentrations in blood and gingival crevicular fluid after systemic administration. J Periodontol 82(11):1582\u20131586","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"6466_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2015.01.052","volume":"108","author":"P Denniff","year":"2015","unstructured":"Denniff P et al (2015) Quantitative bioanalysis of paracetamol in rats using volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS). J Pharm Biomed Anal 108:61\u201369","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"issue":"10","key":"6466_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2019-1260","volume":"58","author":"H Veenhof","year":"2020","unstructured":"Veenhof H et al (2020) Volumetric absorptive microsampling and dried blood spot microsampling vs. conventional venous sampling for tacrolimus trough concentration monitoring. Clin Chem Lab Med 58(10):1687\u20131695","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"6466_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0000000000000494","volume":"39","author":"BD Breken","year":"2024","unstructured":"Breken BD et al (2024) Capillary blood sampling for the determination of clozapine concentrations: analytical validation and patient experience. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 39(1):23\u201328","journal-title":"Int Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"6466_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2020.113384","volume":"188","author":"C Marasca","year":"2020","unstructured":"Marasca C et al (2020) Whole blood and oral fluid microsampling for the monitoring of patients under treatment with antidepressant drugs. J Pharm Biomed Anal 188:113384","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"}],"container-title":["Clinical Oral Investigations"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-025-06466-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00784-025-06466-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-025-06466-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T23:03:37Z","timestamp":1758063817000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00784-025-06466-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["6466"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-025-06466-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1436-3771"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1436-3771","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 July 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 August 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"420"}}