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Parameters including age, gender, height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, socio-economic status, oral hygiene index (OHI), modified gingival index (MGI), probing pocket depth, clinical attachment levels, fasting blood glucose, HDL-c, total triglycerides, and blood pressure were recorded. Saliva samples were collected before scaling and root planing (PMPR). Full-mouth subgingival instrumentation (SGI) was performed on day 10, followed by reassessment on day 30.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Demographic and baseline periodontal parameters were significantly higher in the P+MS group compared to the P group (p &lt; 0.001). Both groups showed significant improvement in periodontal parameters after PMPR and SGI by the 30th day (p &lt; 0.01). Salivary Protectin D1 levels increased significantly in both groups after treatment (p &lt; 0.01), although no significant difference was observed between the groups at baseline and the 30th day. Protectin D1 levels positively correlated with HDL-c, blood pressure, and MGI at baseline, and with OHI, MGI, PPD, and CAL on the 30th day, but showed no significant association with periodontal parameters.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Periodontitis patients with metabolic syndrome exhibited worse baseline periodontal and biochemical profiles than periodontitis-only patients. Non-surgical periodontal therapy significantly improved periodontal health in both groups, with a concurrent increase in salivary PD1 levels, though no intergroup difference in PD1 expression was observed. While PD1 correlated with HDL-c, blood pressure, and periodontal indices, it did not differentiate the therapeutic response between groups, suggesting PD1 may reflect general resolution of inflammation rather than MS-specific pathways. Further research is needed to elucidate the role of PD1 in periodontitis with comorbid metabolic syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Clinical relevance<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Protectin D1 holds promise as a biomarker for the effective management of periodontitis and metabolic syndrome, potentially aiding in both diagnosis and treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-025-06514-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T01:29:48Z","timestamp":1757294988000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Estimation of salivary protectin D1 in periodontitis patients with metabolic syndrome following non-surgical periodontal therapy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Teena","family":"Selvaraj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaideep","family":"Mahendra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikita","family":"Ravi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavithra H.","family":"Dave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muskan","family":"Bedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sivaraj Moti Ram","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pradeep K.","family":"Yadalam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos M.","family":"Ardila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9499","key":"6514_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67728-8","volume":"366","author":"BL Pihlstrom","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pihlstrom BL, Michalowicz BS, Johnson NW (2005) Periodontal diseases. 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