{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T01:02:08Z","timestamp":1770685328267,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Oral Invest"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-025-06706-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T04:03:17Z","timestamp":1766116997000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of sodium hypochlorite and edta lavage on success rates and postoperative pain in direct pulp capping of cariously exposed permanent teeth: a randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Anshu","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shweta","family":"Mittal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Tewari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jigyasa","family":"Duhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pankaj","family":"Sangwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vinay","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mayank","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"6706_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"European Society of Endodontology (ESE) developed by, Duncan HF, Galler KM, Tomson PL, Simon S, El-Karim I et al European Society of Endodontology position statement: Management of deep caries and the exposed pulp. Int Endod J 52(7):923\u2013934","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13080"},{"issue":"4","key":"6706_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2017.12.010","volume":"44","author":"S Asgary","year":"2018","unstructured":"Asgary S, Hassanizadeh R, Torabzadeh H, Eghbal MJ (2018) Treatment outcomes of 4 vital pulp therapies in mature molars. J Endod 44(4):529\u2013535","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"4","key":"6706_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13449","volume":"54","author":"S Cushley","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cushley S, Duncan HF, Lappin MJ, Chua P, Elamin AD, Clarke M et al (2021) Efficacy of direct pulp capping for management of cariously exposed pulps in permanent teeth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Endod J 54(4):556\u201371","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"1","key":"6706_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2022.11.005","volume":"49","author":"D Ricucci","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ricucci D, R\u00f4\u00e7as IN, Alves FRF, Cabello PH, Siqueira JF (2023) Outcome of direct pulp capping using calcium hydroxide: a long-term retrospective study. J Endod 49(1):45\u201354","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"10","key":"6706_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2025.06.019","volume":"51","author":"NA Taha","year":"2025","unstructured":"Taha NA, Jaradat HB, DkmaK A, Abidin IZ (2025) Carious pulp exposure in mature teeth with reversible pulpitis: a randomized clinical trial of direct pulp capping and partial pulpotomy. J Endod 51(10):1342\u20131350","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"4","key":"6706_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9040984","volume":"9","author":"A Munir","year":"2020","unstructured":"Munir A, Zehnder M, Rechenberg DK (2020) Wound lavage in studies on vital pulp therapy of permanent teeth with carious exposures: A qualitative systematic review. J Clin Med 9(4):984","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"6706_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345211046874","volume":"101","author":"NV Ballal","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ballal NV, Duncan HF, Wiedemeier DB, Rai N, Jalan P, Bhat V et al (2022) MMP-9 levels and NaOCl lavage in randomized trial on direct pulp capping. J Dent Res 101(4):414\u2013419","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"6706_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12719","volume":"50","author":"R Kundzina","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kundzina R, Stangvaltaite L, Eriksen HM, Kerosuo E (2017) Capping carious exposures in adults: a randomized controlled trial investigating mineral trioxide aggregate versus calcium hydroxide. Int Endod J 50(10):924\u2013932","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"2","key":"6706_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12604","volume":"50","author":"PN Tawakoli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tawakoli PN, Ragnarsson KT, Rechenberg DK, Mohn D, Zehnder M (2017) Effect of endodontic irrigants on biofilm matrix polysaccharides. Int Endod J 50(2):153\u2013160","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"5","key":"6706_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2005.09.014","volume":"32","author":"M Zehnder","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zehnder M (2006) Root canal irrigants. J Endod 32(5):389\u2013398","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"1","key":"6706_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2013.07.026","volume":"40","author":"DE Martin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Martin DE, De Almeida JFA, Henry MA, Khaing ZZ, Schmidt CE, Teixeira FB et al (2014) Concentration-dependent effect of sodium hypochlorite on stem cells of apical papilla survival and differentiation. J Endod 40(1):51\u20135","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"6706_CR12","unstructured":"\u00d6zg\u00fcr B, Uysal S, G\u00fcng\u00f6r HC (2017) Partial pulpotomy in immature permanent molars after carious exposures using different hemorrhage control and capping materials. Pediatr Dent 39(5):364\u2013370. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29070158\/"},{"key":"6706_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ballal NV, Duncan HF, Wiedemeier DB, Rai N, Jalan P, Bhat V et al (2024) 4-year pulp survival in a randomized trial on direct pulp capping. J Endod 50(1):4\u20139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2023.10.008"},{"issue":"1","key":"6706_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2015.10.019","volume":"42","author":"AJ Smith","year":"2016","unstructured":"Smith AJ, Duncan HF, Diogenes A, Simon S, Cooper PR (2016) Exploiting the bioactive properties of the dentin-pulp complex in regenerative endodontics. J Endod 42(1):47\u201356","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"1","key":"6706_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10690","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-29112-3","volume":"16","author":"M Okamoto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Okamoto M, Takahashi Y, Komichi S, Cooper PR, Hayashi M (2018) Dentinogenic effects of extracted dentin matrix components digested with matrix metalloproteinases. Sci Rep 16(1):10690.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-29112-3","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"6706_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9969(00)00075-3","volume":"45","author":"DJ Roberts-Clark","year":"2000","unstructured":"Roberts-Clark DJ, Smith AJ (2000) Angiogenic growth factors in human dentine matrix. Arch Oral Biol 45(11):1013\u20131016","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6706_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2014.11.021","volume":"41","author":"KM Galler","year":"2015","unstructured":"Galler KM, Buchalla W, Hiller KA, Federlin M, Eidt A, Schiefersteiner M et al (2015) Influence of root canal disinfectants on growth factor release from dentin. J Endod 41(3):363\u20138","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"2","key":"6706_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-020-00545-5","volume":"109","author":"S Kucukkaya Eren","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kucukkaya Eren S, Bahador Z\u0131rh E, Zeybek ND, Askerbeyli \u00d6rs S, Aksel H, Parashos P (2021) Effect of benzalkonium chloride addition to EDTA on attachment and proliferation of dental pulp stem cells on dentin and on transforming growth factor-\u03b21 release. Odontology 109(2):313\u2013320","journal-title":"Odontology"},{"issue":"5","key":"6706_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2019.01.006","volume":"45","author":"L Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu L, Leng S, Yue J, Lu Q, Xu W, Yi X et al (2019) EDTA enhances stromal cell-derived factor 1\u03b1-induced migration of dental pulp cells by up-regulating chemokine receptor 4 expression. J Endod 45(5):599\u2013605.e1","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"3","key":"6706_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2020.12.003","volume":"47","author":"L Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu L, Leng S, Tang L, Lu Q, Xu W, Tan X et al (2021) EDTA promotes the mineralization of dental pulp in vitro and in vivo. J Endod 47(3):458\u201365","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"5","key":"6706_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13048","volume":"52","author":"D Tziafas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tziafas D, Kodonas K, Gogos C, Tziafa C, Papadimitriou S (2019) EDTA conditioning of circumpulpal dentine induces dentinogenic events in pulpotomized miniature swine teeth. Int Endod J 52(5):656\u2013664","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"3","key":"6706_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.2010.00731.x","volume":"118","author":"L Bj\u00f8rndal","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bj\u00f8rndal L, Reit C, Bruun G, Markvart M, Kj\u00e6ldgaard M, N\u00e4sman P et al (2010) Treatment of deep caries lesions in adults: randomized clinical trials comparing stepwise vs. direct complete excavation, and direct pulp capping vs. partial pulpotomy. Eur J Oral Sci 118(3):290\u2013297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0722.2010.00731.x","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"6706_CR23","first-page":"85","volume":"19","author":"CE Iwamoto","year":"2006","unstructured":"Iwamoto CE, Adachi E, Pameijer CH, Barnes D, Romberg EE, Jefferies S (2006) Clinical and histological evaluation of white proroot MTA in direct pulp capping. Am J Dent 19(2):85\u201390","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"issue":"7","key":"6706_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2019.02.025","volume":"45","author":"K Suhag","year":"2019","unstructured":"Suhag K, Duhan J, Tewari S, Sangwan P (2019) Success of direct pulp capping using mineral trioxide aggregate and calcium hydroxide in mature permanent molars with pulps exposed during carious tissue removal: 1-year follow-up. J Endod 45(7):840\u2013847. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2019.02.025","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"8","key":"6706_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2408","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9082408","volume":"28","author":"NV Ballal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ballal NV, Duncan HF, Rai N, Jalan P, Zehnder M (2020) Sodium Hypochlorite Reduces Postoperative Discomfort and Painful Early Failure after Carious Exposure and Direct Pulp Capping-Initial Findings of a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 28(8):2408","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"6706_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-9657.1986.tb00119.x","volume":"2","author":"D \u00d8rstavik","year":"1986","unstructured":"\u00d8rstavik D, Kerekes K, Eriksen HM (1986) The periapical index: a scoring system for radiographic assessment of apical periodontitis. Dent Traumatol 2(1):20\u201334","journal-title":"Dent Traumatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"6706_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1097\/00004770-200006000-00006","volume":"26","author":"J Siqueirajr","year":"2000","unstructured":"Siqueirajr J, Rocas I, Favieri A, Lima K (2000) Chemomechanical reduction of the bacterial population in the root canal after instrumentation and irrigation with 1%, 2.5%, and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. J Endod 26(6):331\u2013334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00004770-200006000-00006","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"1","key":"6706_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12588","volume":"50","author":"HF Duncan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Duncan HF, Smith AJ, Fleming GJP, Reid C, Smith G, Cooper PR (2017) Release of bio-active dentine extracellular matrix components by histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDAC i). Int Endod J 50(1):24\u201338","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"6706_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alves LF, Fernandes AP, Cosme-Silva L, Colombo FA, Martins NS, Oliveira TM et al (2016) Effect of EDTA on TGF-\u03b21 released from the dentin matrix and its influence on dental pulp stem cell migration. Braz Oral Res [Internet]. [cited 2024 July 4];30(1). Available from: http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-83242016000100322&lng=en&tlng=en","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2016.vol30.0131"},{"issue":"11","key":"6706_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034516653568","volume":"95","author":"L Sadaghiani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sadaghiani L, Gleeson HB, Youde S, Waddington RJ, Lynch CD, Sloan AJ (2016) Growth factor liberation and DPSC response following dentine conditioning. J Dent Res 95(11):1298\u20131307","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"6706_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-016-1824-1","volume":"21","author":"M Widbiller","year":"2017","unstructured":"Widbiller M, Eidt A, Hiller KA, Buchalla W, Schmalz G, Galler KM (2017) Ultrasonic activation of irrigants increases growth factor release from human dentine. Clin Oral Investig 21(3):879\u2013888","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"12","key":"6706_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12951","volume":"51","author":"Y Chae","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chae Y, Yang M, Kim J (2018) Release of TGF-\u03b21 into root canals with various final irrigants in regenerative endodontics: an in vitro analysis. Int Endod J 51(12):1389\u20131397","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"2","key":"6706_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2019.10.033","volume":"46","author":"AA Atesci","year":"2020","unstructured":"Atesci AA, Avci CB, Tuglu MI, Ozates Ay NP, Eronat AC (2020) Effect of different dentin conditioning agents on growth factor release, mesenchymal stem cell attachment and morphology. J Endod 46(2):200\u2013208","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"9","key":"6706_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2019.05.004","volume":"45","author":"R Cameron","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cameron R, Claudia E, Ping W, Erin S, Ruparel NB (2019) Effect of a residual biofilm on release of transforming growth factor \u03b21 from dentin. J Endod 45(9):1119\u20131125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2019.05.004","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"1","key":"6706_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2018.09.015","volume":"45","author":"A Ivica","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ivica A, Zehnder M, Mateos JM, Ghayor C, Weber FE (2019) Biomimetic conditioning of human dentin using citric acid. J Endod 45(1):45\u201350","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"27","key":"6706_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7113","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-018-1311-4","volume":"410","author":"V Ranc","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ranc V, \u017di\u017eka R, Chaloupkov\u00e1 Z, \u0160ev\u010d\u00edk J, Zbo\u0159il R (2018) Imaging of growth factors on a human tooth root canal by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Anal Bioanal Chem 410(27):7113\u20137120","journal-title":"Anal Bioanal Chem"},{"issue":"12","key":"6706_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2016.04.029","volume":"42","author":"Q Zeng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zeng Q, Nguyen S, Zhang H, Chebrolu HP, Alzebdeh D, Badi MA et al (2016) Release of growth factors into root canal by irrigations in regenerative endodontics. J Endod 42(12):1760\u20136","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"2","key":"6706_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2011.10.024","volume":"38","author":"HO Ozdemir","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ozdemir HO, Buzoglu HD, \u00c7alt S, \u00c7ehreli ZC, Varol E, Temel A (2012) Chemical and ultramorphologic effects of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and sodium hypochlorite in young and old root canal dentin. J Endod 38(2):204\u2013208","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"6706_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salami AA, Imosemi IO, Owoeye OO (2006) A Comparison of the Effect of Chlorhexidine, Tap Water and Normal Saline on Healing Wounds. Int J Morphol [Internet]. Dec [cited 2024 July 4];24(4). Available from: http:\/\/www.scielo.cl\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022006000500025&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en","DOI":"10.4067\/S0717-95022006000500025"},{"issue":"1","key":"6706_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.17796\/jcpd.37.1.285706488224hq84","volume":"37","author":"L Gowda","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gowda L, Mohan Das U (2012) Effect of Various Concentrations of Sodium Hypochlorite on Primary Dentin: An in vitro Scanning Electron Microscopic Study. J Clin Pediatr Dent 37(1):37\u201343","journal-title":"J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"6","key":"6706_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2010.01.009","volume":"26","author":"K Zhang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhang K, Tay FR, Kim YK, Mitchell JK, Kim JR, Carrilho M et al (2010) The effect of initial irrigation with two different sodium hypochlorite concentrations on the erosion of instrumented radicular dentin. Dent Mater 26(6):514\u2013523","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"2","key":"6706_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2017.11.003","volume":"44","author":"K Hashimoto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hashimoto K, Kawashima N, Ichinose S, Nara K, Noda S, Okiji T (2018) EDTA treatment for sodium hypochlorite\u2013treated dentin recovers disturbed attachment and induces differentiation of mouse dental papilla cells. J Endod 44(2):256\u2013262","journal-title":"J Endod"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-026-06758-2","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000}}],"container-title":["Clinical Oral Investigations"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-025-06706-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00784-025-06706-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-025-06706-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T08:37:07Z","timestamp":1770626227000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00784-025-06706-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["6706"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-025-06706-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1436-3771"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1436-3771","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 January 2026","order":5,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":6,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-026-06758-2","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-026-06758-2","order":8,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The research was conducted following the approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee of Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak vide letter of PGIDS\/BHRC\/22\/21.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"was obtained from all participants after explaining the procedure, associated risks, and benefits.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"15"}}