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Antimicrobial characterizations were carried out, with discs inoculated with\n                      <jats:italic>Streptococcus mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                      UA159 and incubated anaerobically for 7 days (early biofilms) and 14 days (mature biofilms). Biofilms were dyed with the Live\/Dead biofilm viability kit and then imaged using confocal laser scanning microscopy (n =\u20096). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc or Kruskal-Wallis with Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner tests (p &lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      LDT11 incorporation did not significantly affect setting time, acid-base reaction efficiency, solubility, diffusion coefficient, and surface roughness. FTIR spectra revealed no alterations in setting-related functional groups, while LDT11 was identified in the 1000\u20131100\u00a0cm\u207b\u00b9 range. At 2%, LDT11 significantly increased water sorption and caused visible color changes (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The 0.5% and 1% groups significantly reduced\n                      <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                      viability compared to control, with the 1% group exhibiting the most pronounced and sustained effect (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incorporation of the anacardic acid derivative up to 1% maintained physicochemical properties of GIC while providing antimicrobial activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-026-06762-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T04:48:39Z","timestamp":1772772519000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Maintenance of physicochemical, optical, and biological properties of conventional glass ionomer cement enriched with an anacardic acid-derivative compound"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Bruna","family":"Genari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruna Leis","family":"Endres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erick","family":"Rabelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luiz Antonio Soares","family":"Romeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andressa Souza","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thuy","family":"Do","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reem","family":"El-Gendy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vit\u00f3ria Beatriz Souza","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naile","family":"Dame-Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernanda Cristina Pimentel","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"6762_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BERNABE E et al (2020) Global, regional, and national levels and trends in burden of oral conditions from 1990 to 2017: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease 2017 study. 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